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Autocad 2004 - The Third Dimension Rajendra Salokhe
Autocad 2004 - The Third Dimension Rajendra Salokhe
CHAPTER VI
HOME –3D
You have drawn a Civil plan in 2D in Chapter 2. In this chapter, we shall develop
home in 3D. We have mentioned a few core techniques to develop such 3D home. You
may innovate new techniques and apply them to your drawing.
To start with, we shall draw lines for walls of each room and outer wall. We shall
pedit them, then extrude. After that we shall subtract each room from outer boundary
wall. This will be cleared in following steps.
Look at the following plan.
Fig 6.01
1> As explained in chapter 2, draw rectangle of size 11’ X 11’ by using line
command and polar co-ordinates. You can set limits as 0’, 0’ for lower left corner
and 30’, 30’ for upper right corner.
Offset the sides of rectangle as discussed in chapter 2.
2> Use EXTEND, FILLET, TRIM commands to form rectangles for each room.
See Fig 6.02
3> We shall use PEDIT command to convert lines representing each room into
polyline.
Type PEDIT , you will be asked to
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Select polyline:
Select side AB (or BC or CD or DA).
You will be asked,
Do you want to turn it into one? <Y>
Press Enter.
You will be prompted
Enter an option [Close/ Join/ Width/ Edit/
Vertex/ Fit/ Spline/ Decurve/ Ltype gen/ Undo]:
Type J
You will be asked to
Select objects:
Select side AB, BC, CD and DA and press enter.
Again press Enter.
If you now click anywhere on side AB, BC, CD or DA, you will observe four
grips at points A, B, C and C. This means four lines i.e. four objects are
converted into single one.
4> Follow the same procedure to form polylines EFGH (kitchen), OPQR (W. C.),
STUV (Bath) and WXYZ (outer wall). See Fig 6.03
5> We shall extrude these polylines to height of 12’. Here we have assumed this
height.
At select objects: prompt, type ALL
Select View-> 3D Views -> SW Isometric
Your drawing should look like in Fig 6.04
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8> Follow same procedure to draw rectangle for outer doors as shown in given plan
(Fig 6.01). But remember, width for door present in inside wall will be 6” only.
Your drawing should look like in Fig 6.07
12> See Fig 6.09 This step should be performed carefully. First change elevation of
each window
i.e. rectangle representing windows W and W1 to 4’ by CHANGE command.
Type CHANGE
Select windows W and W1 (for this refer Fig 6.01) See Fig 6.10
Next change elevation of two ventilators to height of 5’.
14> Subtract all these windows and ventilators from rest of drawing.
In SW Isometric view, your drawing should look like in Fig 6.11
16> Perform step 15 at each door. You must be careful because there are many lines.
So better to use zoom tools mainly window and real time.
17> Now we shall turn towards windows. Select window W1 to zoom (see Fig 6.01
for reference). We shall insert bars inside window as follows.
First change UCS as shown in Fig 6.13
Draw line AB as shown in Fig 6.13
Specify base point as point that is inside window and at the bottom of it.
Specify rotation angle or [Reference]: 70
Similarly rotate other windowpane by –750 (or as you wish).
Now if you feel to add some extra work to windowpanes, you may add. It
entirely depends on you. But do it before rotating windowpanes, otherwise you
have to change UCS so that it lies on face of windowpane.
You may UNION here itself, look at Fig 6.18
Click on any rectangle, grips will appear at corners. Again click on grip as shown
in Fig 6.23, that grip will turn red.
It is hot grip. Next right click, a hot grip pop up menu will appear.
Select ‘Rotate’ from it.
Specify rotation angle as 150.
Press Esc twice to get rid of grips.
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23> Repeat above procedure at each and every door. Take care about opening of door
and their sizes
Extrusion height will be 6’ -9” always.
Now your drawing will look like in Fig 6.28
24> Now let us draw plinth. Here we shall make use of ‘Construction line’.
Select Draw -> Construction Line, following message will appear in command
window,
_xline Specify a point of [Hor/Ver/Ang/ Bisect/ Offset]:
Type O
You will be asked to
Specify offset distance or [Through] <Through>:
Type 3
Now you will be asked to
Select a line object:
Click on line representing outer wall of home at entrance to Living Room as
shown in Fig 6.29
Everything will appear dashed. Next you will be asked to
Specify side to offset
Click on left of the Figure. Your drawing will look like in Fig 6.30
Now offset outer line representing wall on respective sides.
If offsetted line does not appear at the base of home, you may have to erase old
construction lines and draw new one.
Fig 6.31
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Fig 6.30
Fig 6.31
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25> Now trim these construction lines to form rectangle representing plinth
Switch to Plan View. You will observe there is very less distance between these
lines and outer wall of home.
Now PEDIT these four lines.
Selected lines are shown in Fig 6.32
27> We shall draw steps at entrance to Living Room. There will be 3 steps in total.
As you know, there width is 10” and length 4’.
Zoom the portion of door at the entrance. Using polyline, draw it. Copy it twice.
It will look like in Fig 6.34. Rectangles shown dashed with grips revealed.
Fig 6.36
Fig 6.37
UNION it with rest of drawing. In SW Isometric View, your drawing will look
like in Fig 6.39
30> Repeat the step at each window. For this, you may need to refer Fig 6.01 for
location and size of chajja.
Now your drawing should look like in Fig 6.40
31> Next task is to place slab on the top of home. Here we shall follow procedure
similar to that in step no. 24 i.e. drawing plinth. Only difference is that we shall
OFFSET construction lines by 2’ -6”.
Note: You may draw these construction lines on a different layer.
See Fig 6.41
PEDIT these four lines.
EXTRUDE it to height of 1’.
Don’t UNION it. See Fig 6.42
32> Now you can shade drawing by using SHADE command, look at Fig 6.43
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33> It’s time to render this 3D home. Using 3D orbit, adjust the view as shown in
Fig 6.44 (not necessary to have exact view as shown in Fig 6.44)
We shall add lights to the drawing.
Select View -> Render -> Light, lights dialog box will appear.
Choose ‘Distant Light’ from drop down list next to New… button.
Click on the New… button, New Distant Light dialog box appears.
Type L01 in the light name input box.
Below in the frame of Color, click on Select Custom Color… button, Color dialog
box appears. Select Red color from it. Click OK to close this dialog box.
On right of New Distant Light dialog box, click on Modify < button in the frame
of light source vector. In command window, following message will appear.
Enter light direction TO <current>:
Fig 6.44
34> You may add arc to the main entrance as shown in following Figure. You must
use polyline and arc option in it to do this. EXTRUDE this to the height of – 9”
and UNION it with rest of the Figure.
35> To give the door similar shape as that of the entrance, click on the door at the
main entrance; select a grip at the bottom of the door and using MOVE command
through hot grip edit pop up menu. Then using UCS tool, set UCS parallel to the
face of the door. Follow the step 34 to give arc shape at the top of the door.
UNION it with rest of the door. To place the door at its original position, use Hot
Grip Edit Feature to move door. Refer Fig 6.46 above
Special Note:
In this drawing, you may assign different colors to different rooms. This can be
done after step no. 5. See following Fig 6.47
any color in the group of ‘Full Color Palette’. Its corresponding number will
appear in input box in front of Color, Click OK to close dialog box.
Or you may input numbers in that input box and then click on square in front of
this input box to see corresponding color.
In the similar way, you may assign different colors to doors, windows, bars,
windowpanes, chajja, plinth, slab, etc. to have colorful look.
Fig 6.47