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Road Geometry Section 1 Links: Design Manual For Roads and Bridges
Road Geometry Section 1 Links: Design Manual For Roads and Bridges
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Volume 6 Section 1
Annex A Part 1 TD 9/93
ELECTRONIC COPY - NOT FOR USE OUTSIDE THE AGENCY
PAPER COPIES OF THIS ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT ARE UNCONTROLLED June 1993 A/2
2. Harmonic Mean Visibility is the harmonic 4.3 Where a new road is designed with frequent
mean of individual observations, such that: Overtaking Sections, but with stopping sight distance
where:-
n = number of observations
V1 = sight distance at point 1, etc. although the empirical formula shown in 3 above can be
3. For existing roads, an empirical relationship
has been derived which provides estimates of VISI given
in bendiness and verge width (applicable up to VISI =
720m) i.e.
Log VISI = 2.46 + VW/25 - B/400
10
where:
VW = Average verge width (averaged for
both sides of the road)
B = Bendiness (Degree per km - minimum
Length of about 2 km)
This relationship is valid for existing roads, but on long
straight roads, or where sight distance is available outside
the highway boundary, significant underestimates of VISI
will result.
4. For preliminary route analysis, where
detailed measurements of sight distance are not available,
the following typical values should be used:
4.1 On long virtually straight roads, or where the
road is predominantly on embankment affording high
visibility across embankment slopes or adjoining level
land:
VISI = 700m
4.2 If a new road is designed with continuous
overtaking visibility, with large crest K values and wide
verges for visibility:
VISI = 500m
provision at all sharp curves:
VISI = 300m
4.4 Where an existing single carriageway
contains sharp bends, frequent double white line sections,
narrow verges, etc.
VISI = 100 - 200m
used if Bendiness is available.