S GD& T NGH AN K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH LP 12

NM HC 2012 - 2013
Mn thi: HO HC 12 THPT - !NG A
Thi gian: 1"0 #$%& (khng k thi gian giao )
C'( I (5,5 im))
1) trng thi c bn, nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu h!nh "#"ctr$n #%& ng$'i c(ng #' )*
+
,
-i.t cu h!nh "#"ctr$n /' 0c 12nh /2 tr3 ca X tr$ng bng tu4n h$'n, T3nh * "#"ctr$n 15c th6n ca
nguyn t nguyn t X 7 trng thi c bn,
2) -i.t &h8ng tr!nh &hn 9ng (:8%i :ng &h6n t) ;hi ch$ cc :ung :2ch (<=i :ung :2ch 1>u
ch9a + <$# cht tan) tc :?ng /%i nhau th"$ t@ng cA& *au: BaC#
D
/' EaFGH
)
I Ba(FCH
J
)
D
/' KFGH
)
I
Ca(F
D
LH
)
)
D
/' KHFI Ca(HF)
D
/' EaFCH
J
,
3) T3nh &F ca :ung :2ch h=n hM&
CF
J
CHHF N,OM /' C
D
F
O
CHHF N,PM,
Bi.t hQng * &h6n #i a0it /' ,
C'( II (5,5 im))
1) -i.t &h8ng tr!nh h$ hRc /' tr!nh b'y c ch. ca &hn 9ng nitr$ h$ b"nS"n (tT #U <$# cc
cht &hn 9ng #' +:+, 0Vc tc F
D
GH
)
1Ac),
2) -i.t cc &h8ng tr!nh h$ hRc ca cc &hn 9ng c thW 0y ra ;hi ch$ *tir"n, t$#u"n,
&r$&y#b"nS"n #4n #8Mt tc :?ng /%i :ung :2ch KMnH
)
(7 nhiUt 15 th3ch hM&),
3) T@ ;h3 thin nhin (cc cht / c /' 1i>u ;iUn &hn 9ng c 1) /i.t &h8ng tr!nh &hn 9ng
1i>u ch. &$#i(/iny# anc$#), a0it #actic (a0it DXhi1r$0i&r$&an$ic),
C'( III (4,5 im))
1) FYa tan a ga< CuGH
)
,OF
D
H /'$ n8%c 18Mc :ung :2ch X, Ch$ +,)Z ga< h=n hM& Mg /' ["
/'$ :ung :2ch X

, Gau ;hi cc &hn 9ng 0y ra h$'n t$'n thu 18Mc cht r\n ] c ;hi #8Mng D,+P ga<
/' :ung :2ch B, Ch$ :ung :2ch B tc :?ng /%i :ung :2ch EaHF :8, #Rc #y ;.t ta r^i nung tr$ng
;hng ;h3 1.n ;hi #8Mng ;hng 1_i thu 18Mc h=n hM& $0it c ;hi #8Mng +,) ga<,
*) -i.t cc &h8ng tr!nh &hn 9ng 0y ra,
+) T3nh ;hi #8Mng <=i ;i< #$i tr$ng h=n hM& ban 14u /' gi tr2 ca a,
2) FYa tan h$'n t$'n DO,J ga< h=n hM& X g^< Mg, ]#, `n bQng :ung :2ch FEH
J
, Gau ;hi
&hn 9ng ;.t thVc thu 18Mc :ung :2ch a /' ),)Z #3t (1;tc) ;h3 ` (g^< hai hM& cht ;h3 ;hng <'u) c
;hi #8Mng b,) ga<, C cn :ung :2ch a thu 18Mc +DD,J ga< h=n hM& <ui, T3nh * <$# FEH
J
1c
tha< gia &hn 9ng,
C'( I, (4,5 im))
1) Chia +),D ga< h=n hM& X g^< hai an1"hit 1n ch9c th'nh hai &h4n bQng nhau, dt chy
h$'n t$'n &h4n + thu 18Mc +O,) ga< CH
D
/' ),O ga< F
D
H, Ch$ &h4n D tc :?ng /%i #8Mng :8 :ung
:2ch ]gEH
J
tr$ng EF
J
thu 18Mc )J,D ga< bc, Xc 12nh cng th9c cu t$ ca hai an1"hit trn,
2) ] #' <5t hM& cht heu c 1n ch9c (chT ch9a J nguyn t C, F, H), Ch$ +J,P ga< ] tc
:?ng /@a 1 /%i :ung :2ch EaHF, *au ;hi &hn 9ng 0y ra h$'n t$'n, c cn :ung :2ch thu 18Mc <
ga< cht r\n X, dt chy h$'n t$'n < ga< X c4n /@a 1 DP,++D ga< $0i, thu 18Mc b,DNZ ga<
Ea
D
CH
J
/' Jb,f)) ga< h=n hM& a (g^< CH
D
/' F
D
H), Xc 12nh cng th9c &h6n t, /i.t cng th9c cu
t$ (:ng <ch cacb$n ;hng &h6n nhnh) ca ],
(Cho: H=1, C=12, N=14, O=16, Na=23, Mg=24, Al=27, S=32, Fe=56, C=64, !"=65, Ag=1#$)
X X X H%& X X X
H v tn th sinh:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, S bo danh:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
J
XO
CF CHHF
K g+, bO,+N
D O
XO
C F CHHF
K g+, JJ,+N
- &$. /$01$ &$2/
3S GD& T NGH AN K THI CHN HC SINH GII TNH LP 12
NM HC 2012 - 2013
H4NG D5N ,6 I78 I7M CH9M : THI CH;NH TH<C
Mn thi: HO HC - THPT !NG A
(Hng dn v biu im gm #4 t!ang)
C'( N=. >(1? .@A
C'( 1 "B"
2B0
1) C ba tr8ng hM& *au:
TCDE1? $F# 1G Cu h!nh "#"ctr$n ca X #' h]ri )*
+
,
gj X thu5c th9 +f, chu ;! ), nh< k],
trng thi c bn, X c + "#"ctr$n 15c th6n,
TCDE1? $F# 2G Cu h!nh "#"ctr$n ca X #' h]ri J:
O
)*
+
,
gj X thu5c th9 D), chu ;! ), nh< -kB,
trng thi c bn, X c P "#"ctr$n 15c th6n,
TCDE1? $F# 3G Cu h!nh "#"ctr$n ca X #' h]ri J:
+N
)*
+
,
gj X thu5c th9 Df, chu ;! ), nh< kB,
trng thi c bn, X c + "#"ctr$n 15c th6n,
N,O
N,bO
N,bO
2B0
2) BaC#
D
l EaFGH
)
BaGH
)
l EaC# l FC#
Ba(FCH
J
)
D
l KFGH
)
BaGH
)
l KFCH
J
l CH
D
l F
D
H
Ca(F
D
LH
)
)
D
l KHF CaFLH
)
l KF
D
LH
)
l F
D
H
Ca(HF)
D
l EaFCH
J
CaCH
J
l EaHF l F
D
H
N,O0)
1B" 3) mRi n^ng 15 CF
J
CHHF 1iUn #i #' 0M, n^ng 15 ca C
D
F
O
CHHF 1iUn #i #' yM,
CF
J
CHHF
CF
J
CHH
X
l F
l

(+)
Lh6n #i: 0 0 0 (M)
C
D
F
O
CHHF
C
D
F
O
CHH
X
l F
l
(D)
Lh6n #i: y
y y (M)
gj E^ng 15 ca cc cht /' i$n ti 1iW< c6n bQng #':
hCF
J
CHH
X
i g 0 (<$#n#)I hC
D
F
O
CHH
X
i g y (<$#n#)
hF
l
i g 0 l y (<$#n#)
hCF
J
CHHFi g N,Oo 0 (<$#n#)I hC
D
F
O
CHHFi g N,P o y (<$#n#),
p$ hQng * c6n bQng ca cc a0it qu nhr nn: N,O o 0 N,OI N,P o y N,P
Thay /'$ (+) /' (D) ta 18Mc:
C5ng (J) /' ()) ta
18Mc 0(0ly) l
y(0ly) g
N,O,+,bO,+N
XO
l
N,P,+,JJ,+N
XO
sgj (0ly)
D
g +P,bJ,+N
XP
gj (0ly) g ),Nf,+N
XJ

N,O
N,O
N,O






J
X l
J
CF CHHF
J
hCF CHH i,hF i
K
hCF CHHFi
=


D O
X l
D O
C F CHHF
D O
hC F CHH i,hF i
K
hC F CHHFi
=

O O
O O
0(0 y) 0(0 y)
+, bO,+N +, bO,+N (J)
N, O 0 N, O
y(0 y) y(0 y)
+, JJ,+N +, JJ,+N ())
N, P y N, P


+ +
= =

+ +

= =


gj hF
l
i g 0ly g ),Nf,+N
XJ
M gj &F g X#ghF
l
i g X#g(),Nf,+N
XJ
) g D,Jf,
C'( 2 "B"
1B"
+, Lh8ng tr!nh &hn 9ng nitr$ h$ b"nS"n
N,O
+,N
2B0
2,Cc &h8ng tr!nh &hn 9ng:
nhiUt 15 th8ng, :ung :2ch KMnH
)
chT &hn &hn 9ng 18Mc /%i *tir"n, Khi 1un nng,
:ung :2ch KMnH
)
&hn 9ng 18Mc /%i c ba cht:
JC
P
F
O
XCFgCF
D
l DKMnH
)
l )F
D
H JC
P
F
O
XCF(HF)XCF
D
(HF) lDMnH
D
lDKHF
JC
P
F
O
CFgCF
D
l +NKMnH
)
JC
P
F
O
CHHK l JK
D
CH
J
l KHF l
+NMnH
D
l )F
D
H
C
P
F
O
XCF
J
l DKMnH
)
C
P
F
O
CHHK l DMnH
D
l KHF l F
D
H
JC
P
F
O
CF
D
CF
D
CF
J
l+NKMnH
)
JC
P
F
O
CHH KlJCF
J
CHHKl)KHFl)F
D
Hl +NMnH
D

N,Ot)
2B0
3) di>u ch. &$#i(/iny# anc$#)
DCF
)
C
D
F
D
l JF
D

C
D
F
D
l F
D
H CF
J
CFH
DCF
J
CFH l H
D
DCF
J
CHHF
CF
J
CHHF l C
D
F
D
CF
J
CHHCFgCF
D

di>u
ch.
a0it
#actic
CF
J
CFH l FCE CF
J
CF(HF)CE
CF
J
CF(HF)CE l DF
D
H l F
l
CF
J
CF(HF)CHHF l
N,DO
tP
N,O
C'( 3 HB"
2B" 1) E.u Mg, [" tan h.t tr$ng :ung :2ch CuGH
)
th! $0it &hi ch9a MgH, ["
D
H
J
/' c thW c
CuH, Eh8 /uy, ;hi #8Mng $0it &hi #%n hn ;hi #8Mng ;i< #$i,
Eh8ng th"$ 1> ra, <
$0it
g +,) ga< s <
;i< #$i
g +,)Z ga<
gj -uy ;i< #$i :8, CuGH
)
h.t,
E.u Mg :8 th! :ung :2ch thu 18Mc chT #' MgGH
)
gj K.t thVc &hn 9ng chT thu
18Mc MgH (tri /%i gi thi.t),
gj Mg h.t, [" c thW :8,
mRi * <$# ca Mg, [" tr$ng h=n hM& #4n #8Mt #' 0 /' y <$#,
mRi * <$# [" 1c &hn 9ng #' S (Sy) <$#,
Ta c cc &hn 9ng:
Mg l CuGH
)
MgGH
)
l Cu
0 0 0 0 (<$#)
[" l CuGH
)
["GH
)
l Cu
S S S S (<$#)
MgGH
)
l DEaHF Mg(HF)
D
l Ea
D
GH
)

0 0 (<$#)
["GH
)
l DEaHF ["(HF)
D
l Ea
D
GH
)

N,O
D
D
F
D
GH
)
FEH
J
FGH
)
X
F
J
H
l EH
D
l
l
l
l
l

EH
D
l
EH
D
F
F
l
EH
D
l

N
t


N
t


N
t


N
+ONN C
#a<#anhnhanh

N
)
FgGH ,ZN C
F
+

D N
Mn , t
+

D N
Fg , t
+

CFgCF
D
CF
J
CHH n
t
N
0t
,
X
CF
)
n
HCHCF
J
(
CF
D
t
N
X
CF
)
n
HCHCF
J
(
CF
D
l EaHF n
X
)
n
(
CF
D
CF
HF
nCF
J
HHEa
l


)
EF
+

S S (<$#)
Mg(HF)
D
MgH l F
D
H
0 0 (<$#)
)["(HF)
D
l H
D
D["
D
H
J
l )F
D
H
S SnD (<$#)
gj Cht r\n ] g^< Cu (0lS) <$# /' c thW c [" :8 (yXS) <$#,
H0it g^< MgH /' ["
D
H
J
,
gj D)0 l OPy g +,)Z (+)
P)(0lS) l OP(yXS) g D,+P (D)
)N0 l +PN,SnD g +,) (J)
mii hU (+), (D) /' (J) ta 18Mc 0gN,N+O <$#, ygN,ND <$#, SgN,N+ <$#,
<
Mg
g N,N+O,D) g N,JP ga<I <
["
g N,ND,OP g +,+Dga<,
G <$# CuGH
)
#' 0lS g N,NDO <$# gj a g N,NDO,DON g P,DO ga<
N,O
N,bO
N,DO
N,O
2B0
2) ` ;hng <'u gj ;hng c EH
D
,
Cc ;h3 #' hM& cht gj ;hng c E
D
,
gj Fai hM& cht ;h3 #' E
D
H /' EH,
Th"$ 1> ta c:
F=n hM& <ui g^<
Mg(EH
J
)
D
, `n(EH
J
)
D
,
]#(EH
J
)
J
/' c thW c
EF
)
EH
J
,
mRi * <$# ca EF
)
EH
J
#' 0 <$# (0N),
Ta c cc qu tr!nh nhun "#"ctr$n:
+NF
l
l DEH
J
X
l Z" E
D
H l OF
D
H
+ N,+ N,O (<$#)
)F
l
l EH
J
X
l J" EH l DF
D
H
N,) N,+ N,D (<$#)
+NF
l
l DEH
J
X
l Z" EF
)
EH
J
l JF
D
H
+N0 0 J0 (<$#)
gj I
Th"$ &h8ng &h& b$ t$'n
;hi #8Mng ta c:
sgj DO,J l PJ(+,)l+N0) g
+DD,J l b,) l +Z(N,blJ0) gj 0gN,NO
gj n
FEHJ
g + l N,) l +N,N,NO g +,f <$#,
N,DO
N,DO
N,bO
N,O
N,DO
C'( H HB"
2B" 1) Khi #8Mng <=i &h4n #' +),DnD g b,+ ga<
Lh4n +:
gj <
C
g ),Dga<I <
F
g
N,Oga< gj <
H
g b,+X),DXN,O g D,)ga< gj n
H
g N,+O<$#
-! an1"hit 1n ch9c gj n
Dan1"hit
g n
H
g N,+O<$#,
Lh4n D: n
]g
g )J,Dn+NZ g N,) <$#,
p$ gj F=n hM& c FCFH
dAt cng th9c ca an1"hit cYn #i #'
vCFH
mRi * <$# ca FCFH /' vCFH 7 <=i &h4n #4n #8Mt #' 0 /' y <$#,
G 1^ &hn 9ng trng g8ng:
FCFH )]g
0 )0 (<$#)
vCFH D]g
y Dy (<$#)
gj 0 l y g N,+O (+)
)0 l Dy g N,) (D)
mii (+) /' (D) gj 0 g N,NOI y g N,+,
N,O
N,O
N,O
N,DO
N,O

N
t

N
t

D D
D
E H EH E H
E H EH EH
n n ), )Zn DD, ) n N,+<$#
)),n JN,n b, ) n N,+<$#
+ = =

+ = =

J
FEH
F
n n +, ) +N0(<$#)
+
= = +
D
F H
n N, b J0(<$#) = +
J D
;i<#$ai FEH <u$i ` F H
< < < < < + = + +
D D
CH F H
n N, JO<$#I n N, DO<$# = =
]g
X
n
N, )
D
n N,+O
= >


T@ ;hi #8Mng <=i &h4n #' b,+ ga< gj N,NO,JN l N,+,(vlDf) g b,+ gj v g Db (XC
D
F
J
)
gj ]n1"hit cYn #i #': CF
D
gCFXCFH
N,DO
2B0
2) n
EaHF
g D g N,+JP <$# gj <
EaHF
g N,+JP,)N g O,)) ga<,
Th"$ &h8ng &h& b$ t$'n ;hi #8Mng ta c:
g b,DNZ l Jb,f)) o DP,++D g
+f,N) ga<,
Ta thy: <
X
g <
]
l <
EaHF

gj ] #' "*t" /Yng :ng:
-! "*t" 1n ch9c gj n
]
g n
EaHF
g
N,+JP <$# gj M
]
g +NN,
dAt ] #' C
0
F
y
H
D
gj +D0 l y l JD g
+NN gj 0 g OI y g Z gj CTLT ca ] #' C
O
F
Z
H
D

gj ] c cng th9c cu t$ #':
N,DO
N,O
N,O
N,DO
N,O
'hi (h) : H*( +i"h l,m (-(h .h-( "h/"g )"g 01" (ho im &2i a, 3h/4"g &56"h ghi &hi% i7
.i8" &59 i : +2 im
D J
Ea CH
n
D J D
X Ea CH a H
< < < < = +
v
C H
H
CF
D
CF
D
CF
D
CF
D
C
H
H