IP ADDRESSING

IP address is a 32-bit binary number that is unique for each device

IP address is converted to a decimal format to make them readable for the humans
Within the network, the IP address is interpreted in a binary format consisting of
and !
IP address of !!!!!!!!!!!!!!, it is split into " octets such
as
!!!
!!!
!!!
!!!!!
#$%&'()I$% $* +I,) I%,$ -'#I./0 *$(.
,o convert the bits to a decimal format, right most bit in the octet has the least value
of 21 ,his value goes on increasing towards the left
Bits ! ! !
Values 22 3
!24
25
3
5"
26
3
32
2"
3
!5
23
3 4
22
3 "
2!
3 2
2
3 !
7ou need to multiply the bits with its corresponding value in the table
Bits ! ! !
Values 22 3
!24
25
3
5"
26
3
32
2"
3
!5
23
3 4
22
3 "
2!
3 2
2
3 !
Multiplied
Values
!24 !5 "
,he equivalent decimal value for the octet will be the addition of all the
multiplied values
*or the octet !!!, the decimal value will be !24888!588"88 3 !"4
)o the IP address of the machine will be !"41!521!"41!2!
Classification of IP Addresses
IP /ddress #omponents
/ network number denotes the network segment to which the device
is connected
/ host number specifies the address of the device in the network
segment1 9ost numbers are the numbers between the network number
and the directed broadcast number
)ubnet .ask
)ubnet mask is used to identify the network bits and host bits in the IP address
/ subnet mask always has a series of consecutive !s followed by consecutive s
CLASSES
Class A
1-126
Class B
128 - 191
Class C
192 -223
Class D
224-239
Class E
240 -
255
/ subnet mask cannot start with the bit or ending with the bit !
IP Subnetting