Grammar usage - JLPT N2

Explanation of entries:
English meaning (additional information)
The way to conjugate.
[]-verbs ex.
[-]
[-]
[--] [-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
-i-adjectives ex.
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
-na-adjectives ex.
[-]
[-]
[-]
[-]
-noun ex.
[]
[-]

[-]
[-]

[]-ordinary form

[]-noun modifier form

a synonym
an example sentence
an idiom
an additional reference
a warning when using the expression

Grammar Patterns:

~(
In the end; finally; on top of all that; to make matters worse.
[--]

~
Do ~ so much as to ~
[- / --]

~()
Since
[]
[--]becomes [--]

~
often followed by obligations, prohibitions, demands, presumptions, and strong conclusions such as [
/ / / ]
~ / ~
While; Meanwhile (shows a comparison between two things)
[] [] use []

~
(no specific meaning) shows something continuing towards a certain tendency.
less; keep on~; never stop~
[-]

Uses verbs that show / express a change

ex. more and more; less and


~()
In addition to~
[]

~() / ~ / ~ / ~
A After...ing ; Uponing
[--]

B used when talking about something from a certain time, place, or condition (often following sentence
gives advice or warning)
[--]

~
Now that~; Since~
[- / ]

~() / ~()
Shall we~; Let's~
[-]

~ / ~
[- / ----]
A While~ < do something before the condition changes >

B While~ < during that time, something that did not start, will happen >

~
Be possible to~
[-]


~
Be impossible to~
[-]

~ / ~
Thanks to~; Owing to~; Because of~ (express thanks to the result of a good outcome)
[]

Thanks to you or some higher power
~
Be in danger of~
[--]

Grammar Patterns:

~() / ~ / ()
A As long as~ ; As far as~ <during a specific time>
[---- / ]

B As long as~ ; As far as~ <show a specific range, limit, bound>
[- / ]

C As long as~ ; As far as~ <until a certain limit>
[--]

D As long as~ ; As far as~ <show a condition>
[----]

~ / ~ / ~
Unfinished ; Half~ (ex. half eaten, half finished)
[-]

~
Cant do~ ; Difficult to~
[-]

~ / ~
Tend to~
[-]

Used mostly with a negative meaning
~() / ~()
As soon as~
[-]()
-
~~
No sooner than~
[- / ][-]
---

~
Be capable of~ ; Be in danger of~ (Used when there is a chance of something bad happening)
[-]
-
~
Be hard to~ ; Be difficult to~
[-]

~ / ~ / ~
Like~
[] [] use []

~ / ~ / ~
Judging from~ ; When it comes to~; As for~
[]

~
[]
A Even~

B Judging from~

~ / ~
[]
A For~

B Judging from~

~\~B meaning
~
Just because~
[]

(often the sentence will be negative.)
~~
From~to~
[][]

~ / ~
Now that~ ; Since~
[] [] use []

followed by obligations, resolutions, presumptions, suggestions, and commands
~() / ~ / ~
From the viewpoint of~
~
[]

~
Instead of~
[-]

In place of~
[-]
~

Fitting of~; Suiting~; Be appropriate to

[]

~
Rather~ ; A little~
[-]

~()
A Only~ ; Just~
[- / ]

B (something continuing the same condition after happening)
[-]

In spoken language becomes ~
~ / ~/ ~
Do(be) completely~ / Be unable to do till the end / Be able to do till the end
[-]

~
In spite of~ ; Though~
[]

Not often used in formal situations
~() / ~()
To the extent that~ ; As~as~ ; To the point that
[- / ---]

At least~
[--]

~
Seem~
[--]

~ becomes a

~ / ~
emphatic (Place a strong emphasis on the subject)
[]

~
I wonder ; quite ; surely
[]

~
Because~ (tells why something is)
[] <[]uses [][]sometimes uses[]>

~
When you want to tell someone that something has importance
[- / -]

~
As it is ~ it can be expected that ~
(Used to tell something everyone knows. Following sentence is a presumption)
[]

~
Without~
[-]

~()
To my~ (strengthens the speakers feeling ex. To my surprise)
[---]

~
Be supposed to ~ (shows an appointment or rule)
[----]

~
No need to ~
[-]

Grammar Patterns:

~() / ~
When~ ; Upon~
[- / -]
--
~ / ~
In the midst of~ ; During ~
[--]

~ / (~)
Even~ <one example is an extreme conditon, and everything that follows is a needless to say>
[]

when is connected to a noun, the particles and are omitted.
~~
If only~
[-] /
[--] /
[][----]
-

~
Cant help thinking~
[-] [] becomes

~() / ~() / (~) ()

After~(for a long time)
[--]


~
Have no other way but~ / Must~
[-]

~
As soon as~
[-]

~ / ~()
A show a reason, details. When you want to show the result of something.
[]

B Depending on~
[]

~() / ~ / ~
From the standpoint of~; (can also be thought of as ~ly. Ex. ?hisorically ?legally)
[]

the noun in front of ~ is usually a Chinese word Ex.
etc

~ / ~ / ~
Because of~ ; On account of~ (The cause leads to a bad result)
[]

be ones imagination
blame something or somebody

Grammar Patterns:

~ / ~ / ~ / ~
A Becoming of~ ; Worthy of~ ; Fitting of~
[]<~ / ~ / ~ / ~> [] doesnt use
[]

B Because ; So
[]

C As long(much) as~
[]< / >

~~ / ~~
Even if~
[----]

~()
When~ (When something is done, this is the result)
[-]
-
~()()
Just as~ ; As soon as~ ; No sooner than~
[-]

~()
Everytime~
[--]

~
Full of~ <negative>
[]
-


~
When doing ~ also do ~
[- / -]

~
(used at the end of a sentence when remembering (confirming) something)
[] ~\~can also be used
--
~
No way that~
[-]

Use in conversations
~ / ~
[-]
A While~

Not used in conversations. ~can not be used in this way
B ~Though

~
Be (gradually) doing~
[-]

Used mostly in written form
~
A ~ish ; ~like ; ~looking
[-]
-
B

Easily~
[-]

becomes a


~()
Since~(and still going on)
[-]

Shows the continuation of something that happened in the past and is still going on.
~() / ~()
Not until~
[-]

The following sentence will always be negative.
(~) / ~()
Cant help~ing ; Cant stand(bear)~
[---]

Subject is always first person
(~)
Cant help~ing
[---]

More formal than~etc. can't use ~

~
[]
A Ive heard that

is used for letters, etc.
B It means that

~ / ~
A Speaking of~ ; Talking about~ <use when speaking something typical about the topic>
[]
-
B Speaking of~ ; Talking about~ <use when remembering something about the subject>
[] []doesn't use []

~
Is known as~ ; It is that~
[] sometimes []don't use []

~ / ~
Not necessarily~ ; Its not that
[] sometimes []don't use []

~
More than~
[] <[] do not use []>

~
Speaking of~ ; Talking about~(show plus and minus)
[]

~
But~ ; Although~ (show what your thinking about is wrong or different)
[] sometimes[]don't use []

~() / ~()
Just as~
[- / -] []

~
hear that~ ; say that~
[]

~
Far from~
[]

[]don't use[][-]can be used

~ / ~
Cant do ~ because~
[-]

~ / ~ / ~
At that time ; At that place ; At that scene
[- / / -]

~ / ~
[]
A If~

B If~ (Think from the perspective of~)

~() / ~ /
As~
[]

~
A. With~
[]

B. At the same time~
[-- ; -- ; -- ; --]

C. As~
[-- ; ]

Grammar Patterns:

~
If not~
[----]

The following sentence will be negative.
~ / ~
Possibility of~ (Neither yes or no)
[----]

~ /
Always end up~
[-] []becomes[]

Only for first person. For third person, use ~~at the end.
~
Though~
[- / ---]

~ / ~B meaning
~ / ~ / ~
[]
A such as; like; and so on <when you want to give an example, or make a light expression.>
--
B etc; among other things ; for example<make light of something or say something negative>

are used in spoken language

~ / ~
When~(show something that should be done in this situation)
[-]

~() / ~ / ~
In ; At ; On ; same as the particle
[]

~ / ~ / ~
In response to~
[]

~ / ~()
Regardless of~
[- / -]

Nouns showing a kind or extent of something, or 2 words in opposition are usually used.
Such as Adjectives such as
can be combined and used.
~ / ~ / ~
A Only~
[]

B Without fail~
[]

C Be the best~
[- / -]

~
Not only~but also~
[]
-
~ / ~
If (when) talking about ~ ; As far as~is concerned~
[]

followed by a positive sentence
~ / ~
[]
A In place of~

B ( By proxy~ )

~() / ~ / ~
About~
~
[]

~
Its decided that~ (often used in speaking)
[] [] don't use []

Mostly used in speaking
~ / ~
Compare~ to~
[]

~ / ~
In addition to~
[]

~ / ~ / ~ / ~
In response to~ ; In reply to~
[]

~ / ~ / ~
When starting~ ; When doing~
[-]

~
~ / ~ / ~
Before ~ ; Right before~
[]

~ / ~
With~ ; Following~ ; As~ (when one the changes so does the other)
[--]
~~

~ / ~ / ~
For~ (from the position of)
[]

~
Although ; Even though
[] []don't use []

~ / ~ / ~()
A Even if~
[]

[]don't use []. [~]can be used.

B Whenever~
[][]
-
~
Merely~ ; Only~ ; Just~ ; Be (do) nothing but~
[-- / -]

~ / ~ / ~ / ~
In accordance with~
[]

~
It must be~
[] [] don't use []

In certificates the meaning becomes

~ / ~() / ~ / ~
As for ; To ; Toward; About ; same as
[]

~
There is no doubt of~
[] [] don't use []

~() / ~ / ~ / ~
About~ ; Concerning~
[]

~
Because~
[]

Slightly strong saying
~ / ~() / ~
A whenever~
[-]

At the end of the sentence, a verb showing ones feeling will come
B

Whether~or~
[--][--]

Contrasting words come before ~

~ / ~
As~ ; With~ (when one the changes so does the other)
[--]
~~

~() / ~ / ~
For~ ; To~ (a judgment or assessment will follow this expression)
[]

~ / ~ / ~
As~ ; With~ (accompanying, following something)
[--]

With~ (happen at the same time)
[]

~ / ~ / ~ / ~
Against~ ; Contrary to~
[]

~
There is no doubt that~
[]
[]don't use []. [~]can be used. To show a reason sometimes []is added

~
However~ ; Though~
[]
[]don't use [][~]can be used.
-
~ / ~ / ~ / ~
On the basis of~
~
[]
-
~ / ~ / ~ / ~
[]
By~ (show the subject of an action)

By~ ; Because of~ (show a cause or reason)

By~ (Show a method or way)

By~ ; Depending on~ (show differences)

By~ ; Depending on~ (For a certain condition / occasion)

~ / ~
According to~
[]

~ / ~ / ~ / ~
Ranging from~ ; Covering~ ; Lasting~ ; Extending over~
[]

~ () / ~() / ~ / (~)() /
Without~
[]
-
~
Do (ones best) till the end
[-]

~
Not only~ but also ; Besides~ ; Moreover~
[] []don't use []. [~]can be used.

~ / ~
Owing to~
[]

Grammar Patterns:

~ / ~
Not Only~
[] -does not use

~
Because of~ ; On account of~ (shows regret over the cause of some bad result)
[] *(-)uses(-) ; - is sometimes used

(~) / (~)
Not only~ but also~ ; ~among other things
[]

~()
Irregardless of~
[]

~~
The more~the more~(as one goes up, so does the other)
[-][-]
[-][-]
[- / ][- / ]
[- / ][-]

~ / ~
Even~ ; Of course~
[]

~is formal language
~ / ~
On one side~ ; On the other side~
[]

[]don't use []. [~]can be used.

~ / ~
Should~
[-] becomes

~
Shouldnt~
[-] becomes

(~)() /
Only~ ; just~ (there is no other way)
[-]

~

~ / ~ / ~
To the extent (point) that~
[- / ---]
-
~~
Nothing is more~ than~
[-]


~
(as one thing changes, so does the other)
[---]

Grammar Patterns:

~ / ~
[-]
A Probably not~

B Will not~

Use ~ / ~when subject is Third Person.

~ / ~ / ~
Suitable for~
[]
-
~ / ~ / ~
Bound for~ ; Made for~
[]
-

~
Regardless of~
[]

indiscriminately; no matter where
~~~ / ~~~
Neither~or~ ; Both~and~
[][---][]

~
Because~ (give a reason to an explanation)
[] sometimes conjugated with

Used in conversations by women and children. ~is more informal

~()
By no means~ ; Not~at all
[] [-] uses [-]

When spoken, or between friends ~or~is used
~
Feel like~
[]

~ / ~
A show admiration ; grief ; a heart felt feeling
[]

B express something as common sense
Same as A

C suggest something ; give a light command
[-]

D remember a past happening or occurrence
[]

~
Because~ (give a reason(excuse)
[] *(-)uses(-)

~
If~(wish for something unattainable ; tell someone it is impossible)
[-]

Often used together with a "be possible" meaning verb. is used in conversations.
~
Though~
[]

~is often used. Especially with nouns []

Grammar Patterns:

~~
~And~among other things (etc)
[--][--]

~ / ~
No way to~
[-]

~ / ~
Like~ <show an example>
[]

So that~ <show a goal(objective)>
[- / -]

<metaphor>
<a guess>
<indirect command>
<show change>

Grammar Patterns:

~ / ~
No reason for~
[]

~
[]
A state a reason why something is

B It means that
- 9,500
~ / ~
It doesnt mean that~
[]

~ / ~
A Mustnt
[-]

B Must~
[--]

()
Although~ ; In spite of~
[]

~

~ / ~()
Through~ ; By~ (something happens unexpectedly through a chance encounter)
[]

~ / ~()
Since~ (Because a thing happened, a big change has occurred)
[]
-

~
Full of~ ; Loaded with~ <put emotion into>
[]
--
~ / ~()
Be (at) the center of ~ ; Be the focus of~
[]

~ / ~
[]
A Throughout~

Via~ ; Through~

~~ / ~~ / ~~
As~
[][]

Nouns that show aim, postion, role, type,etc. come before
~
Regardless of~
[]

~ / ~
Not only~ but also~ ; ~among other things
[]

~ / ~
Circulate~ ; around~
[]

~ / ~
Based on~
[]