Thermodynamics

Contents
1. Basic Concepts
T h er m o dyn a mic S y stem and C ontrol V o lu m e
O p en a nd C lo s ed s y s te m s
T h er m o dyn a mic Equ ili b r ium
Q u a s i-S t a tic P r o c e ss
Concept of C on tinuum
Z e roth La of T h er m od y na m ic s
!n te r n a tional P r a c tic a l T e m p er a tu r e S c a le
" o r # a p a th f u n c tio n
P d V - o r# o r $ isp la ce m e nt " or#
% r ee E & p a nsion ith Z ero " o r# T ransfer
' e at T r a n s fe r
' e at T r a n s fe r - ( Pa th % u n c tio n
2. FIRST LAW OF THERO!"#AICS
%ir s t La of T h e rm o d yn a m ics
( p p lic a tion of % irst L a to a P r oc ess
!nte r n al E n e r) y - - ( P ro p e rty of S y s te m
P e rp e tual * oti o n * a c hine of th e % ir s t +ind- P ** ,
En th a lp y
( p p lic a tio n of % irst L a o f T h e r m o d y n a mi c s to - o n - fl o o r C lo s e d Sy s te m
( p p lic a tion of % irst L a to S te a dy % lo P r o c e s s S.% .E .E
Va ria b le % lo Pr o c e s s e s
$ is c h a r ) in ) a n d C h a r ) in) a T a n #
$. SECO#! LAW OF THERO!"#AICS
Q u al itat i/ e $ iff e re n c e b e teen ' e at a n d " o r #
+ e l/in - P la n c # S tatem e n t o f S ec o n d L a
C lau s ius0 S ta te m ent of th e S econd L a
C la u si u s 0 T h eo re m
1ef ri)erator a n d ' e a t Pu m p 2ith 1(C3
E q u i/ a le n c e of + e l/ in - Pl a n c # a n d C la u s iu s S ta te m ents
C a r n o t E n ) in e ith s a m e e f fic ie n c y o r s a m e o r # o u tp u t
%. E#TRO&"
T o 1 e / e rsib le ( diabatic P a th s c a n not !ntersect E ach O th er
T h e Property o f E n tr o p y
T e m p e r a ture-En tr opy Plot
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