PENYEBAB PENURUNAN KESADARAN

Untuk memudahkan mengingat dan menelusuri kemungkinan kemungkinan penyebab penurunan

kesadaran dengan istilah SEMENITE yaitu :
S : Sirkulasi
Meliputi stroke dan penyakit jantung
E : Ensefalitis
Dengan tetap mempertimbangkan adanya infeksi sistemik / sepsis yang mungkin
melatarbelakanginya atau muncul secara bersamaan.
M : Metabolik
Misalnya hiperglikemia, hipoglikemia, hipoksia, uremia, koma hepatikum
E : Elektrolit
Misalnya diare dan muntah yang berlebihan.
N : Neoplasma
Tumor otak baik primer maupun metastasis
I : Intoksikasi
ntoksikasi berbagai macam obat maupun bahan kimia dapat menyebabkan penurunan
kesadaran
T : Trauma
Terutama trauma kapitis : komusio, kontusio, perdarahan epidural, perdarahan subdural, dapat
pula trauma abdomen dan dada.
E : Epilepsi
!asca serangan "rand Mall atau pada status epileptikus dapat menyebabkan penurunan
kesadaran.
The major causes of unconsciousness: FISH SHAPED
Faint # a brief and temporary loss of consciousness
Infection # may produce a $ery high temperature leading to con$ulsions, especially in infants
Shock # caused by a failure of the circulatory system
Head injuries # concussion the brain has been badly shaken
%ompression#due to a build up of pressure in the skull
Stroke # caused by an interruption of the blood supply to brain tissue resulting in o&ygen depri$ation
and death of tissue
Heart disease # angina caused by a narro'ing of the blood $essels 'hich supply the heart muscle.
(eart attack 'hich occurs 'hen the heart muscle is depri$ed of o&ygen and death of tissue
results
Asphyxia # results in an inade)uate supply of o&ygen to the brain leading to unconsciousness and
e$entual death
Poisons # any substance that if taken into the body in sufficient )uantity is capable of destroying life.
They may be injected, inhaled, absorbed or ingested
Epilepsy # $arious types e&ist but they all in$ol$e some degree of electrical disturbance in the brain
Diabetes # caused by the bodies failure to regulate the amount of sugar in the blood stream. T'o
emergencies can occur hypoglycaemia or hyperglycaemia