CEP 802 Design Project

Kevin Cataldo

The other runners are just better than me.

*Note- The pictures used are not those of the people mentioned in this assignment.

Assumes that she cannot compete at this level

Observation

Gives up during workouts, likely due to a lack of confidence

What does this behavior look like?

Falls off of her teammates halfway through workouts

If due to fatigue, form breaks down and breathing rate is
heavy
Ashley maintains perfect running mechanics and is not out
of breath
Believes she is the only one on the team feeling this way
Says things like I cant stay with them or They make it
look so easy

Fostering a performance orientation

Currently compares herself to other teammates
Encourage to focus on what she can do to succeed

Promote learning goals

Give her small, manageable tasks to build confidence
Focus on one task at a time
Give repetition and practice to gain mastery

 If Ashley doubts her capabilities for succeeding, she is likely to try

to avoid the situation, or give up if she gets frustrated or fails
(Brophy, 2010).
Ashley is struggling with self-efficacy perceptions, a lack in these
perceptions means that she is unsure or convinced that she cannot
succeed (Brophy, 2010).
Those with high self-efficacy also have more positive emotions,
which makes them want to continue (Stipek, 2002).

Plan: Focused intervention using the TARGET model to improve

Ashleys confidence and motivation.

TASK: Ensure shes in correct training group

AUTHORITY: Seek input separate from team input
RECOGNITION: Unscheduled praise when warranted
GROUP: Put her in leadership role with training group
EVALUATION: Social environment and self-evaluation
TIME: Extra meetings on as needed basis

Goal

Increase Ashleys self-efficacy perception

Improve confidence level and subsequent motivation
Have Ashley running/competing the way she is capable

Ashleys poor selfefficacy perception is

causing low confidence,
which influences her
motivation in practice
and during competition

Using the TARGET model,

coaching staff will collect
data to ensure shes in
correct training group, have
individual meetings to
discuss performances and
environment, and engage
Ashley in self-evaluation

This intervention will

increase Ashleys selfefficacy perception, help
her gain confidence in her
ability, and improve her
motivation, all of which
will improve her
performances

Motivational Dimensions

Pre-Intervention

Post- Intervention

Task

Assign athletes to a training

group based on ability

Ensure Ashley is in the

correct training group by
collecting objective data

Authority

Asked the team as a whole

for their input

Seek Ashleys input

separately from the team

Recognition

Unscheduled praise when

warranted

Unscheduled praise when

warranted

Group

Based on current ability

with no set leader

Put Ashley in leadership

role with her training group

Evaluation

Athletes self-evaluate and

coaches evaluate athletes
strictly based on running
performance

Social environment and

enhanced self-evaluation for
Ashley

Time

Flexible time schedule

Extra meetings on an as
needed basis

Ashley evaluated herself on a 1-5 scale with 1 being very poor and 5 being very good.
Workout/
Race

Enjoyment

Effort

Performance

What I thought her

performance was

1-Oct

Workout

4-Oct

Workout

8-Oct

Workout

11-Oct

Workout

15-Oct

Workout

19-Oct

Race

22-Oct

Workout

25-Oct

Workout

29-Oct

Workout

2-Nov

Race

5-Nov

Workout

8-Nov

Workout

12-Nov

Workout

15-Nov

Race

19-Nov

Workout

23-Nov

Race

Date

Ashley was able to compete at her best when it was needed and help lift our team
to a 3rd place finish at the National Championships

Evaluate and Adapt

Initial results and performances indicate new method has been
successful
Need to continue evaluating as team transitions into track season
Plan may need to be adapted to adjust for different challenges of track
competition

Promote Long-term Success

Consider how plan will be altered long-term as Ashley becomes
upperclassman
Identify other athletes that will benefit from focused intervention