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Barrages
Barrages
Page 2
Page 3
These are gates controlled openings in the weir with crest at low
level. They are located on the same side as off-take canal. If two
canal take off on either side of the river, it would be necessary to
provide undersluices on either side.
Page 4
Functions of undersluices
Page 5
i.Qu = 2 (Qmax.)offtake
ii.Qu = 20% (Qmax.)flood
Page 6
Page 7
Page 8
where:
C1=0.577, C2=0.8
Page 9
+ 2 2 +
In case of the waterway (L) worked out more than width of the
canal, the crest level so adjusted as to keep (L) equal to the width of
the canal.
In exceptional cases waterway more than canal width may be
provided with a flared wall in the d.s of the regulator to join the
canal width.
Note that, the most critical condition of uplift occurs when high
flood level is passed down the weir and there is no flow in canal.
Page 10
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Page 13
Page 14
The slope of the fish ladder should not be steeper than 1:10 (i.e
velocity not exceeding 2 m/s in any portion of the fish-way).
The compartments of bays of the pass must be such dimensions that
the fish do not risk collision with the sides and upper end of each
bay when ascending.
Page 15
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Page 22
The surface flow endangers the weir in the following two ways:
Unbalanced head due to standing wave (i.e. due to formation of
the jump very high unbalanced pressures are developed in the
trough).
Scour in the upstream and downstream.(this occurs in the bed of
alluvial rivers at flood).
Page 23
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Page 26
Page 27
Note that afflux and discharge per meter are related to crest levels.
So lower crest levels, result in lesser afflux, but higher discharge
per meter. Low set barrage with increase depth of water over crest
may result in an increased height of gates, thickness of floor, and
cost of superstructure above floor level.
Page 28
= 1.705 0.1 3
= 1.84 0.1 3
where:
L= total clear waterway (m)
Page 30
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Page 34
Page 35
Page 36
For known values of q and HL find Ef2 from blench curve (from
Blench curves (Next slide)).
With known values of Ef2 read corresponding values of D2.
Cistern Level = D.S.T.E.L Ef2
Page 37
Page 38
Ef1 = Ef2 + HL
Knowing Ef1 , Ef2 & q read values of D1 and D2 from Fig. 10 (next
slide), energy of flow curves.
Provide minimum cistern length = 5(D2D1).
= 6(D2D1).
Page 39
Page 40
= 1.35
1 3
2
Page 41
GE =h/d.
from equation:
G.E.
=[(21)1]
b=
Page 42
Page 43
Find u.s pile and d.s pile % pressure; the pressure distribution
assumed to be linear; used Khoslas method; correct due to floor
thickness, interference of sheet pile and slope.
Page 44
Page 45
Plotting water profile before and after the jump formation (Fr=
The intercept between the profile of hydraulic jump and the gradient
gives the unbalance dynamic head. The floor thickness is, however,
designed for the max. unbalance head in jump through.
Page 46
The protection works are now designed in respect to the scour depth.
Page 47
Page 48
100 m
105.75 m
103.5 m
Permissible afflux
1m
1m
1/6
Concentration
20
Bed retrogression
0.5
0.1 m
Page 49
=220 cumecs
=102 m
=3.5m
=98.5 m
=115
=1/6
7. side slopes
=2H:1V
Page 50
Page 51
=65m
4 piers(2.5m) each
=10m
=75m
=300m
29 piers(2m) each
=58m
=358m
=3m
= 75+358+3=436m
Page 53
D.S.H.F.L =105.75 m
= 1.35
V=
1.99 m/sec
19.5
= =
9.78
= 1.35
9/52
1
1 3
= 9.78
Page 54
OK
Page 55
Page 56
II. For high flood with 20% concentration and 0.5 m bed
retrogression
q =1.231.24 = 37.488 cumec/m
q =C H3/2
H=( )2/3 =(
37.488 2/3
)
1.705
=7.848 m
Page 57
q= =
Page 58
2476.369
436
=5.68 m/sec/m
Page 59
1/3
R=1.35( )
= 4.297 m
V= =1.32 m/sec
hv =
2
=0.089 m
Page 60
13.3968 2/3
)
1.705
=3.9523 m
Page 62
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Item
Discharge q
D.S.W.L
U.S.W.L
D.S.T.E.L
U.S.T.E.L
HL
Ef2
Ef1=Ef2+HL
Level at which
jump occurs
D1
D2
Length of floor
5(D2-D1)
13 63
Page
F=
Pond Flow
31.24
105.75
106.75
105.95
106.95
1
8
9
With
retrogression
and
concentration
37.488
105.25
106.75
105.45
107.85
2.40
9.75
12.15
Without
retrogression
and
concentration
11.16
102.7
103.5
102.79
103.59
0.80
4.20
5.00
With
retrogression
and
concentration
13.39
102.2
103.5
102.29
103.95
1.663
5.07
6.733
97.95
95.70
98.59
97.22
2.81
6.85
2.70
8.63
1.25
3.71
1.25
4.51
20.2
29.68
12.3
16.3
2.117
2.70
2.55
3.06
Without
retrogression
and concentration
Page 64
Distance
from u.s
end of
crest
U.S.T.E.L = 107.848 m
q= 37.488 cumec/m
R .L of
glacis
High flood
Ef1=U.S.T.E.LR.L of glacis
3.00
4.23
6.00
6.15
8.34
9.00
12.00
12.90
Page 65
99.00
98.59
98.00
97.95
97.22
97.00
96.00
95.70
8.848
9.259
9.848
9.898
10.629
10.848
11.848
12.148
U.S.T.E.L=103.952 m
q=13.396 cumec/m
Pond flow
D1
3.76
3.50
3.31
3.25
3.10
3.00
2.76
2.60
Ef1=U.S.T.E.LR.L of glacis
4.952
5.363
5.952
6.002
6.733
6.952
7.952
8.252
D1
1.75
1.70
1.45
1.40
1.35
1.30
1.15
1.10
Page 66
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Page 67
16
1
1
2
4
6
8
10
11.88
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
25.6
26.4
1.3
1.70
2.40
2.7
2.9
3.09
3.21
2.7
5.4
10.8
16.2
21.6
27
32
3.51
4.6
6.48
7.28
7.83
8.34
8.66
1.3
1.70
2.40
2.75
3.10
3.40
3.6
3.65
3.85
3.90
3.95
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
X
1.25
2.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
14.8
15.0
17.5
20.0
22.5
25
27.5
30
32
33
Y
1.625
2.125
3.00
3.44
3.875
4.25
4.50
4.56
4.81
4.88
4.94
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
Page 68
. Depth of scour
Total discharge passing through under sluice =1856.87 cumec
Under sluice over all water way = 75 m
q =average discharge =
1856.87
75
=24.758 m/sec
1/3 = 11.468 m
R (depth of scour) = 1.35(
)
Page 69
Page 70
Page 71
1
6
5.65
=7.704, = [ 2 1
Page 72
1]=13.0437
b =
Page 73
Page 74
Assume U.S floor thickness 1.0 m and D.S floor thickness 1.5 m
6
69
=0.084
1 = 100% % , = 18%
1 = 82%
1 = 100% % , = 27%
1 = 73%
Page 75
Correction of Thickness:
Ct = (1 1 )
1
6
= (82%-73%) = 1.5%
Page 76
cp =19 (
9.35 9.35:5
=19
(
)
68
69
= 1.465
= =
6
69
=0.08695~ 0.087
= 27 , = 18
Correction of thickness:
ct = - ( )
=-
Page 78
1.5
(
6
27 18 ) = - 2.25
Correction of interference:
Cp = - 19
- 0.06
Page 79
condition D.S
water
level
datum
(m)
1
No flow
maximu
m static
head
High
Flood
Flow at
pond
level
Page 80
U.S
water
level
datum
(m)
95.65
103.5
7.85
105.25
106.75
102.289 103.5
Of sub
Soil H.
G line
above
datum
100
5
7.85
1
82
6
6.437
75.965 24.69
7
8
5.963
1.938
18
9
1.413
0
10
0
103.5
1.5
102.087
1.23
101.613 97.582
1.14
0.3704
97.063
0.27
95.65
0
106.75
1.211
106.48
0.9930
106.39
0.9199
105.52
0.2180
105.25
0
103.5
103.282
103.210 102.588
1.5
105.620
0.2990
1.211
102.507 102.289
Page 81
Static head
(m)
2.0860
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
32
2.2636
2.4411
2.6187
2.7963
2.9738
3.1514
3.3290
3.5066
3.6841
3.8025
Dynamic
head
(m)
Minimum
thickness
from
calculation
2
1.68
1.6* =1.067
3
1.33
1.83
1.467
1.97
1.87
2.11
2
2.26
2.267
2.40
2.67
2.54
3.267
2.68
4.0
3.22
4.867
3.92
5.13
4.13
Provided
thickness
1.70
1.90
2.00
2.2
2.40
2.5
2.70
2.80
3.3
4.0
4.2
Page 82
1m
. Upstream protection
a) Block protection
R = 11.467 m
Provide 1.5 R = 1.511.467 =17.20 m
R.L of bottom of scour hole =106.75 17.2 =89.55 m
Scour depth below U.S floor = 100 89.55 = 10.45 m say 11 m
Volume of block = D m/m = 11m/m
Provide 1.6m 1.6m 1.0m c/c block
over 0.4 m thick graded filter.
Length
Page 83
11
=
1:0.4
= 7.857 m
b) Launching apron
provide 2.25 D m/m
= 2.25 * 11 =24.75 m/m
Length =
24.75
1.4
= 17.67857 m
Page 84
Page 85
a) Block protection
Length = 1.0 D = 1.0 13.4 = 13.4 m
Provide 1.6 1.6 1.0 c/c block with 10 cm gaps filled with
bajri over 1.0 m thick graded filter .
No. of rows required =13.4/(1+1) = 6.7 m
Provide 7 rows of blocks in a length of 11.9 m
Page 86
b) Launching apron
Thickness of launching apron = 2.0 m
Length of launching apron =
2.2513.4
2
=15.0075 m
Page 87
Page 88
Page 89
Page 90
H =( )2/3 =(
30.048 2/3
) =
1.84
30.048 cumecs/m
6.43673 m
U.S.T.E.L
D.S.W.L
D.S.T.E.L
Page 91
Page 92
2476.369
=
436
R= 1.35
V
hv
Page 93
5.68 1/3
(
)
1
5.68
=
4.297
=
2
= 4.297
=1.32 m/sec
=0.089 m
Page 94
7.452 2
)^
1.84 3
=2.54 m
U.
S.T.E.L =101.25 + 2.54 = 103.79 m
D.S.W.L = 102.7 0.5 = 102.2 m
Page 95
High
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Discharge q
D.S.W.L
U.S.W.L
D.S.T.E.L
U.S.T.E.L
HL
Ef2
Ef1 =Ef2+HL
10
11
12
D1
D2
Length of floor
5(D2 - D1)
F=
13
Page 96
Item
Flood
Pond
Flow
Without
concentration
and
retrogression
With
concentration
and
retrogression
Without
concentration
and
retrogression
With
concentration
and
retrogression
25.04
105.75
106.75
105.95
106.95
1
7.0
8.0
98.95
30.048
105.25
106.75
105.45
107.687
2.237
8.43
10.667
97.02
6.21
102.7
103.5
102.789
103.589
0.80
3.0
3.8
99.778
7.54
102.2
103.5
102.289
103.79
1.501
3.506
5.007
98.78
2.25
6.06
19.05
2.28
7.45
25.85
0.81
2.66
9.237
0.81
3.18
11.85
2.369
2.786
2.72
3.302
Distance
from
R.L of
U.S end glacis
of crest
0.75
3
3.75
6.0
6.75
9
9.75
12
12.69
Page 97
100.25
100
99.25
99
98.25
98
97.25
97.02
U.S.T.E.L=107.687 q =30.048
U.S.T.E.L= 103.79
cumecs/m q =7.54 cumecs / m
High
flood
Pond flow
Ef1 =U.S.T.E.L
Ef1=U.S.T.E.L
R.L of glacis
R.L of glacis
D1
D1
7.437
7.687
8.437
8.687
9.437
9.687
10.437
10.667
3.4375
3.218
2.844
2.75
2.560
2.50
2.344
2.281
2.79
3.54
3.79
4.54
4.79
5.54
1.5625
1.125
1.06
0.906
0.84375
0.78125
Page 98
Sl
No.
High
Fr=2.78
1
1 1
1.3
2 2
1.67
3 4
2.286
4 6
2.71
5 8
3.0
6 10
3.19
7 12
3.286
8 12.28 3.3
9 14
10 16
11 18
12 20
Page 99
flood
Condition Pond
Fr=7.76 D1=2.28m Fr=3.302
X
Y
1
2.28
2.964
1.3
4.56
3.8070
2.714
9.12
5.212
2.38
13.68
6.179
2.86
18.24
6.84
3.143
22.8
7.27
3.524
27.36
7.49
3.62
28
7.524
3.64
3.86
4.0
4.095
4.19
Flow
Condition
Fr=10.9 D1=0.81m
X
Y
0.81
1.62
3.24
4.86
6.48
8.1
9.72
9.947
11.34
12.96
14.58
16.2
1.053
1.39
1.93
2.316
2.546
2.85
2.93
2.95
3.126
3.24
3.317
3.4
Page 100
. Depth of scour
6684.1
358
= 18.6706 cumecs/m
Page 101
Page 102
Page 103
1
6
6.8 1
4.8
, = 7.32
2 1
1 = 13.6
Page 104
Page 105
= =
4
66
= 0.0606
1 = 100 ,
= 15
= 100 15 = 85
1 = 100 , = 22
= 100 22 = 78
Page 106
Correction of thickness :
Ct = (1 1)
1
4
= (85 78 ) = 1.75
Correction of interference :
Cp =
:
19 (
)
`
= 19
7 3:7
( )
65 66
= 0.945
Page 107
= =
4.8
66
= 0.0727
= 16
= 24
Correction of thickness :
Ct = - ( )
=-
1.5
4.8
Condition
1
No flow
max.
static
head
High
Flood
Flow at
pond
level
Page 109
D.S
water
level
datum
(m)
U.S
water
level
datum
(m)
96.8
103.5
6.7
100
85
80.695
21.5
16
10
5.695
5.4065
1.4405
1.072
102.495
102.2065
98.2405
97.872
96.8
1.275
1.21
0.3225
0.24
106.525
1.105
106.46
1.049
105.5725
0.2795
105.49
0.208
105.25
0
103.305
103.249
102.4795
102.408
102.2
6.7
105.25
106.75
1.5
1.5
102.2
103.5
1.3
1.3