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Integration Formulas
1. Common Integrals
Indefinite Integral
Method of substitution

f ( g ( x)) g ( x)dx = f (u )du

Integration by parts

f ( x) g ( x)dx = f ( x) g ( x) g ( x) f ( x)dx

Integrals of Rational and Irrational Functions

n
x dx =

x n +1
+C
n +1

x dx = ln x + C
c dx = cx + C
xdx =

x2
+C
2

x3
+C
3
1
1
x2 dx = x + C
2
x dx =

xdx =
1

1+ x

2x x
+C
3

dx = arctan x + C

1
1 x2

dx = arcsin x + C

Integrals of Trigonometric Functions

sin x dx = cos x + C
cos x dx = sin x + C
tan x dx = ln sec x + C
sec x dx = ln tan x + sec x + C
1
( x sin x cos x ) + C
2
1
2
cos x dx = 2 ( x + sin x cos x ) + C

sin

tan
sec

x dx =

x dx = tan x x + C

x dx = tan x + C

Integrals of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

ln x dx = x ln x x + C
n
x ln x dx =

x n +1
x n +1
ln x
+C
2
n +1
( n + 1)

dx = e x + C

x
b dx =

bx
+C
ln b

sinh x dx = cosh x + C
cosh x dx = sinh x + C

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2. Integrals of Rational Functions
Integrals involving ax + b

( ax + b )n + 1
( ax + b ) dx = a ( n + 1)
n

( for n 1)

ax + b dx = a ln ax + b
x ( ax + b )

a ( n + 1) x b

dx =
a

( n + 1)( n + 2 )

( ax + b )n+1

( for n 1, n 2 )

ax + b dx = a a 2 ln ax + b
x

( ax + b )2 dx = a 2 ( ax + b ) + a 2 ln ax + b
a (1 n ) x b

( ax + b )n dx = a 2 ( n 1)( n 2)( ax + b )n1

( for n 1, n 2 )

x2
1 ( ax + b )
2

dx
=

2
b
ax
+
b
+
b
ln
ax
+
b
(
)
ax + b

2
a3

x2

( ax + b )2
x2

( ax + b )3
x2

( ax + b ) n

1
b2
dx = 3 ax + b 2b ln ax + b

ax + b
a
dx =

1
2b
b2
ln ax + b +

ax + b 2 ( ax + b )2
a3

dx =

3n
2 n
1n
2b ( a + b )
b2 ( ax + b )
1 ( ax + b )

n3
n2
n 1
a3

x ( ax + b ) dx = b ln
1

ax + b
x

x 2 ( ax + b ) dx = bx + b2 ln
1

x 2 ( ax + b )2

ax + b
x

1
1
2
ax + b
dx = a 2
+ 2 3 ln
b ( a + xb ) ab x b
x

Integrals involving ax2 + bx + c

1

x 2 + a 2 dx = a arctg a

ax
1
2a ln a + x
x2 a 2 dx = 1 x a
ln
2a x + a
1

for x < a
for x > a

( for n 1, 2,3)

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2
2ax + b

arctan

2
4ac b 2
4ac b

1
2
2ax + b b 2 4 ac

dx
=
ln
2
ax 2 + bx + c
b 4ac 2 ax + b + b 2 4ac

2
2ax + b

ax 2 + bx + c dx = 2a ln ax

+ bx + c

for 4ac b 2 > 0

for 4ac b 2 < 0
for 4ac b 2 = 0

b
dx

2
2 a ax + bx + c

m
2an bm
2ax + b
2
arctan
for 4ac b 2 > 0
ln ax + bx + c +
2
2
2
a
a 4ac b
4ac b

mx + n
2an bm
2ax + b
m
2
2
ax 2 + bx + c dx = 2a ln ax + bx + c + a b2 4ac arctanh b2 4ac for 4ac b < 0

m
2an bm
ln ax 2 + bx + c
for 4ac b 2 = 0
a ( 2 ax + b )
2a

( ax

+ bx + c

( ax

+ bx + c

dx =

2ax + b

( n 1) ( 4ac b2 )( ax 2 + bx + c )

dx =

n1

( 2 n 3 ) 2a
1
dx
2
( n 1) ( 4ac b ) ( ax 2 + bx + c )n1

1
x2
b
1
ln 2
2
dx
2c ax + bx + c 2c ax + bx + c

3. Integrals of Exponential Functions

cx
xe dx =

ecx
c2

( cx 1)

2
2x 2
2 cx
cx x
x
e
dx
=
e

c c 2 + c3

n cx

e dx =

1 n cx n n 1 cx
x e x e dx
c
c
i

cx
( )
ecx
dx
=
ln
x
+
i i!
x
i =1

cx

ln xdx =

1 cx
e ln x + Ei ( cx )
c

cx
e sin bxdx =
cx
e cos bxdx =
cx
n
e sin xdx =

ecx
c 2 + b2

( c sin bx b cos bx )

ecx
c 2 + b2

( c cos bx + b sin bx )

ecx sin n 1 x
2

c +n

( c sin x n cos bx ) +

n ( n 1)
2

c +n

cx

sin n 2 dx

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4. Integrals of Logarithmic Functions

ln cxdx = x ln cx x
b

ln(ax + b)dx = x ln(ax + b) x + a ln(ax + b)

2

( ln x ) dx = x ( ln x ) 2 x ln x + 2 x
n
n
n 1
( ln cx ) dx = x ( ln cx ) n ( ln cx ) dx
i

ln x
( )
dx
=
ln
ln
+
ln
+
x
x

ln x
n =2 i i !

dx

( ln x )n

( n 1)( ln x )

n 1

1
dx
n 1 ( ln x )n 1

1
m
m +1 ln x
x
l
xdx
x
n
=

m + 1 ( m + 1) 2

x ( ln x )
m

( ln x )n
x

dx =

dx =

x m+1 ( ln x )

m +1

( ln x )n+1

( for m 1)

n
n 1
x m ( ln x ) dx

m +1

ln x n
ln x n
( for n 0 )
x dx = 2n
ln x
ln x
1
xm dx = ( m 1) xm1 ( m 1)2 xm1

( ln x )n
xm

( for m 1)

( ln x )n
( ln x )n1
n
dx =
+
dx
( m 1) x m1 m 1 x m

dx

x ln x = ln ln x

dx

( 1)
xn ln x = ln ln x +
i =1
dx

x ( ln x )n
ln ( x

( n 1)i ( ln x )i
i i!

( for n 1)

( n 1)( ln x )n1

+ a 2 dx = x ln x 2 + a 2 2 x + 2a tan 1
x

sin ( ln x ) dx = 2 ( sin ( ln x ) cos ( ln x ) )

x

( for m 1)

( for n 1)

n +1

( for n 1)

cos ( ln x ) dx = 2 ( sin ( ln x ) + cos ( ln x ) )

x
a

( for m 1)

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5. Integrals of Trig. Functions

sin xdx = cos x

cos xdx = sin x

cos x

x 1
sin 2 x
2 4
x 1
2
cos xdx = 2 + 4 sin 2 x
1
3
3
sin xdx = 3 cos x cos x
1 3
3
cos xdx = sin x 3 sin x

sin

xdx =

dx

cos 2 x
x
sin x dx = ln tan 2 + cos x

cot

xdx = cot x x

dx

sin x cos x = ln tan x

dx

dx

sin 2 x cos2 x = tan x cot x

dx

dx
sin 2 x xdx = cot x
dx
cos2 x xdx = tan x

sin( m + n) x sin( m n) x
+
2( m n)

sin mxsin nxdx = 2( m+ n)

cos ( m + n) x cos ( m n) x

2( m n)

sin mxcos nxdx = 2( m + n)

sin ( m + n) x sin ( m n) x
+
2( m n)

dx
cos x
1
x
sin 3 x = 2sin 2 x + 2 ln tan 2

cos mxcos nxdx = 2( m + n)

dx
sin x
1
x
cos3 x = 2 cos2 x + 2 ln tan 2 + 4

n
sin x cos xdx =

1
sin x cos xdx = 4 cos 2 x
1 3
2
sin x cos xdx = 3 sin x
1
2
3
sin x cos xdx = 3 cos x
x 1
2
2
sin x cos xdx = 8 32 sin 4 x

n
sin x cos xdx =

tan xdx = ln cos x

sin x
1
dx =
2
cos x
x

cos

sin 2 x
x
cos x dx = ln tan 2 + 4 sin x

tan xdx = tan x x

cot xdx = ln sin x

cos x xdx = ln tan 2 + 4

sin 2 x cos x = sin x + ln tan 2 + 4

sin x cos2 x = cos x + ln tan 2

sin x xdx = ln tan 2

dx

sin 2 x dx = sin x

cos n +1 x
n +1

sin n +1 x
n +1

arcsin xdx = x arcsin x +

1 x2

arccos xdx = x arccos x

1 x2
1

arctan xdx = x arctan x 2 ln ( x

1

arc cot xdx = x arc cot x + 2 ln ( x

+1

+1

m2 n2
m2 n2
m2 n2