darkroom chemistry

an introduction to

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fixer

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stop bath

developer

fixer

sink

stop bath

developer

water

sink

fixer

stop bath

developer

water

sink

fixer

stop bath

developer

water
what do I do?

sink

fixer

stop bath

developer

water
what do I do?

fixer

stop bath

developer
develops the paper
(oxidizes silver)
(pH 11 or 12 = base)

sink

water
what do I do?

sink

fixer

stop bath

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

water
what do I do?

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

sink

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

water
what do I do?

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

water
what do I do?

how long?

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

water
what do I do?

how long?

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

water
what do I do?

how long?

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

water
what do I do?

how long?

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

water
what do I do?

how long?

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

5 minutes

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

water
what do I do?

how long?
I should be
replaced when...

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

5 minutes

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

water
what do I do?

how long?
I should be
replaced when...

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

5 minutes

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)
if I am a brown color

water
what do I do?

how long?
I should be
replaced when...

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

5 minutes

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

if I am a dark
purple color

if I am a brown color

water
what do I do?

how long?
I should be
replaced when...

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

5 minutes

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes
if I get cloudy when
you drip hypo check in

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

if I am a dark
purple color

if I am a brown color

water
what do I do?

how long?
I should be
replaced when...

sink

cleans the print

(washes off all
the chemicals)

5 minutes
N/A

fixer

stop bath

stabilizes
the image
(removes unexposed
silver from the paper)

5 minutes
if I get cloudy when
you drip hypo check in

developer

stops the
developing

develops the paper

(oxidizes silver)

(low pH = acid,
neutralizes the
developer)

(pH 11 or 12 = base)

30 sec

1 1/2 minutes
(90 sec)

if I am a dark
purple color

if I am a brown color

hooray !