Proposed Bulk Storage Facilities

PROPOSED BULK FUEL STORAGE
FACILITY
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR A PROPOSED
BULK FUEL STORAGE FACILITY FOR NAMCOR
WALVIS BAY - NAMIBIA
Assessed by:
Tel.: +264-61 257411
In collaboration with:
Tel.: +264-61 223336
Assessed for:
Tel.: +264-61-379000
Tel.: +264-61-2045000
Contact details:
Note that all comments and queries during the evaluation of this document must
be addressed to:
Geo Pollution Technologies Pty. Ltd.
Pierre Botha
P.O. Box 11073
Windhoek
Tel.: (+264-61) 257411
Fax.: (+264-61) 257411
E-mail: wscc@namibnet.com
The Clearance Certificate must be issued to:

National Petroleum Corporation of Namibia (Pty) Ltd (NAMCOR)
Private Bag 13196
Windhoek
Namibia
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
An Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has been commissioned by the National
Petroleum Corporation of Namibia (Pty) Ltd (NAMCOR) for a proposed bulk fuel storage
facility and associated pipeline route in Walvis Bay. NAMCOR, under the mandatorship of
the Namibian Government, has entered into a process of establishing a bulk fuel storage
facility at Walvis Bay. An internal, preliminary screening study was conducted on three
sites in the Walvis Bay area, to select an appropriate site for the facility. One of the criteria
for selecting the best site from the three was potential environmental issues.
EnviroSolutions cc conducted the screening investigation on the three sites, to establish the
environmentally least sensitive site, where the proposed project is to be located. Site B (See
Figure A1, Appendix A) was found to be the most suitable site for the proposed bulk fuel
storage facility. The proposed site is located east of the main entrance road into Walvis Bay,
from Swakopmund (east of the weighbridge).
The EIA is being undertaken in accordance with the requirements of Namibias
Environmental Assessment Policy and the Environmental Management Act (2007), and
other relevant legislation and regulations pertaining to Environmental Assessments and
protection of the environment in the Republic of Namibia. A host of international policies
and standards are also being taken into account.
A public participation process was followed consisting of a public meeting in the suburb of
Narraville, as well as a meeting with key authorities and stakeholders. Issues identified
during this process have all been considered during the EIA. Feedback will be given to
those on the stakeholders list (i.e. those who have registered as stakeholders and who
attended the public meetings) during a follow-up meeting, to report on the outcome of the
EIA.
Potential impacts identified following the baseline studies and public participation meetings
have been assessed making use of a comprehensive assessment methodology. This included
considering impact significance in terms of its nature, extent, duration, probability and
intensity of each impact. Identified impacts were assessed in each of the two stages of the
project, namely the construction phase and the operation phase.
Apart from the site specified impacts associated with the proposed facility, impacts
associated with the pipeline and its proposed routes were assessed. Two different
alternatives were presented for the pipeline route and these were presented to the Interested
and Affected Parties (I&APs). Impacts associated with the proposed buffer tanks and pump
station at NAMPORT are also put forward in this report.
A brief description is also presented on existing infrastructure in Walvis Bay and those that
need to be upgraded or introduced (e.g. a new rail link to the facility) to ensure the smooth
operation of the bulk fuel storage facility.
In general, the proposed bulk fuel storage facility would pose limited environmental and
social risks. The proposed bulk fuel storage facility would contribute to the economy of
Walvis Bay and the Region by creating jobs and diversifying the economic activity.
The site is generally suitable for the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. All environmental
risks can be minimised and managed through implementing preventative measures and
sound management systems. It is recommended that environmental performance be
monitored regularly to ensure compliance and that corrective measures be taken if
necessary. It is also recommended that this information be made available to the
Community at a regular basis.
Page 1 of 66
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
1.1.
2.
2.1.
3.
4.
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION......................................................... 5

Assumptions and Limitations................................................................................................. 6
PROJECT SCOPE & OBJECTIVES................................................................. 6

Terms of Reference ............................................................................................................... 6
METHODOLOGY .............................................................................................. 6
ADMINISTRATIVE, LEGAL AND POLICY REQUIREMENTS .................. 7
4.1.
4.2.
4.3.
4.4.
4.5.
4.6.
4.7.
4.8.
4.9.
The Namibian Constitution .................................................................................................... 7

Environmental Assessment Policy of Namibia ....................................................................... 7
Environmental Management Act of Namibia (2007)............................................................... 8
Petroleum Products and Energy Act of Namibia (Act No. 13 of 1990) .................................... 8
Pollution Control and Waste Management Bill (guideline only).............................................. 9
Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Ordinance of Namibia (No. 11 of 1976)............................. 9
Hazardous Substances Ordinance (No. 14 of 1974) ................................................................ 9
Prevention and Combating of Pollution of the Sea by Oil Act (No. 6 of 1981) ........................ 9
Municipality of Walvis Bay (by-laws, guidelines and regulations) .......................................... 9
4.9.1.
Environmental Impact Assessment procedure guidelines................................................ 9
4.9.2.
Draft Structure Plan of the Municipality of Walvis Bay ................................................ 10
4.9.3.
Integrated Environmental Policy of Walvis Bay (Agenda 21 Project)............................ 10
4.10.
Relevant International Standards, Treaties and Conventions ................................................. 10
4.10.1.
The International Finance Corporations (IFC) Policy on Social and Environmental
Sustainability ............................................................................................................................... 10
4.10.2.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea ................................................. 11
5.
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
5.4.
5.5.
6.
PROJECT DETAILS ........................................................................................ 11

Proposed tank specifications for the Bulk Fuel Storage Facility ............................................ 12
Tank specifications for the booster pump and buffer tank site ............................................... 13
Pipeline Specifications......................................................................................................... 13
Installation and related activities .......................................................................................... 14
NAMCOR Social and Environmental Policies...................................................................... 15
THE BASELINE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT.......................................... 15
6.1.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS QUO .................................................................................. 15

6.1.1.
Regional context.......................................................................................................... 15
6.1.2.
Walvis Bay .................................................................................................................. 16
6.1.3.
Surrounding Land Use ................................................................................................ 17
6.1.4.
Structure Plans vision for the study area .................................................................... 18
6.2.
BIO-PHYSICAL STATUS QUO......................................................................................... 18
6.2.1.
Climate ....................................................................................................................... 18
6.2.2.
Corrosion Environment ............................................................................................... 19
6.2.3.
Topography and Surface water.................................................................................... 20
6.2.4.
Geology and Hydrogeology ......................................................................................... 20
6.3.
Fauna and Flora................................................................................................................... 20
7.
7.1.
7.2.
8.
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ................................................................. 21

Meeting with key authorities and stakeholders...................................................................... 21
Public Meeting .................................................................................................................... 22
ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS.......................................................................... 24
8.1.
Overall socio-economic benefits and issues.......................................................................... 25

8.1.1.
Socio-economic benefits .............................................................................................. 25
8.2.
Development phases and associated issues ........................................................................... 26
8.2.1.
Construction phase of the bulk fuel storage facility ...................................................... 26
8.2.2.
Construction phase of the pipeline ............................................................................... 27
8.2.3.
Operational phase of bulk fuel storage facility and pipeline ......................................... 28
8.2.4.
Heritage Impacts......................................................................................................... 33
8.2.5.
Ecological issues......................................................................................................... 33
9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN................................................ 33

10. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................ 34
11. REFERENCES .................................................................................................. 35
BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT
Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.
Page 2 of 66
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Proposed Storage Details ....................................................................................... 12
Table 2. Tank specifications for the booster pump and buffer tank site ............................ 13
Table 3: Selected census indicators for the Walvis Bay Urban Constituency (NPC, 2003),
except population projection (SPC,1999) ............................................................................ 17
Table 4: Summary Climate Data ......................................................................................... 19
Table 5. Material weight loss measured in mils/year after 20 years exposure (Contrarian
Metal Resources) .................................................................................................................. 19
Table 6: General Regional Flora Data................................................................................. 21
Table 7: General Regional Fauna Data ............................................................................... 21
Table 8: Summary of issues raised at the meeting with key Authorities ............................ 22
Table 9: Key issues emanating from the Public Meeting .................................................... 23
Table 10: Criteria for Impact Evaluation (DEAT 2006)..................................................... 24
Table 11: Impact Evaluation Socio-economy ................................................................... 26
Table 12: Impact Evaluation Construction Phase of bulk fuel storage facility ............... 27
Table 13: Impact Evaluation Construction Phase of the pipeline.................................... 28
Table 14: Impact Evaluation Operational Phase ............................................................. 33
APPENDIX A
Figure A1. Regional map. .................................................................................................... 39
Figure A2. Location map. .................................................................................................... 40
APPENDIX B
Background Information Document (BID). ........................................................................ 42
APPENDIX C
Minutes of Stakeholder Meeting and the Attendance List.................................................. 47
APPENDIX D
Minutes of Public Meeting and the Attendance List. .......................................................... 56
LIST OF ACRONYMS
AGO
ATM
B&P
BID
DEAT
DPK
EIA
EMP
EMS
EPZ
HDI
HPI
HES
HFO
I&APs
IFC
ISO
LRP
NAMCOR
NAMPORT
Automotive gas oil (Diesel)

Atmosphere (Pressure)
Burmeister & Partners (Pty) Ltd
Background Information Document
Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism (South Africa)
Duel Purpose Kerosene
Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental Management Plan
Environmental Management System
Export Processing Zone
Human Development Index
Human Poverty Index
Health, Environment and Safety
Heavy Fuel Oil
Interested and Affected Parties
International Finance Corporation
International Organisation for Standardisation
Lead Replacement Petrol
National Petroleum Corporation of Namibia (Pty) Ltd
Namibian Ports Authority
Page 3 of 66
MET
NPC
PPPPs
RoD
SANS
TOR
ULP
VAT
WM
WOM
Ministry of Environmental and Tourism (Namibia)

National Planning Commission
Projects, Plans, Policies and Programmes
Record of Decision
South African National Standards (Replacing SABS)
Terms of Reference
Unleaded Petrol
Value Added Tax
With Mitigation (Significance of Impact)
Without Mitigation (Significance of Impact)
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Assessment - The process of collecting, organising, analysing, interpreting and
communicating information relevant to decision making.
Alternatives - A possible course of action, in place of another, that would meet the same
purpose and need but which would avoid or minimize negative impacts or enhance project
benefits. These can include alternative locations/sites, routes, layouts, processes, designs,
schedules and/or inputs. The no-go alternative constitutes the without project option and
provides a benchmark against which to evaluate changes; development should result in net
benefit to society and should avoid undesirable negative impacts.
Competent authority - means a body or person empowered under the local authorities act
or a delegation made under the Pollution Prevention and Waste Management Bill to enforce
the rule of law.
Cumulative Impacts - in relation to an activity, means the impact of an activity that in
itself may not be significant but may become significant when added to the existing and
potential impacts eventuating from similar or diverse activities or undertakings in the area.
Evaluation means the process of ascertaining the relative importance or significance of
information, the light of peoples values, preference and judgements in order to make a
decision.
Environment - As defined in the Environmental Assessment Policy and Environmental
Management Act - land, water and air; all organic and inorganic matter and living
organisms as well as biological diversity; the interacting natural systems that include
components referred to in sub-paragraphs, the human environment insofar as it represents
archaeological, aesthetic, cultural, historic, economic, palaentological or social values.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - process of assessment of the effects of a
development on the environment.
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) - A working document on environmental and
socio-economic mitigation measures, which must be implemented by several responsible
parties during all the phases of the proposed project.
Environmental Management System (EMS) - An Environment Management System, or
EMS, is a comprehensive approach to managing environmental issues, integrating
environment-oriented thinking into every aspect of business management. An EMS ensures
environmental considerations are a priority, along with other concerns such as costs,
product quality, investments, PR productivity and strategic planning. An EMS generally
makes a positive impact on a companys bottom line. It increases efficiency and focuses on
customer needs and marketplace conditions, improving both the companys financial and
environmental performance. By using an EMS to convert environmental problems into
commercial opportunities, companies usually become more competitive.
Hazard - Anything that has the potential to cause damage to life, property and/or the
environment. The hazard of a particular material or installation is constant; that is, it would
present the same hazard wherever it was present.
Page 4 of 66
Interested and Affected Party (I&AP) - any person, group of persons or organisation
interested in, or affected by an activity; and any organ of state that may have jurisdiction
over any aspect of the activity.
Mitigate - The implementation of practical measures to reduce adverse impacts.
Proponent (Applicant) - Any person who has submitted or intends to submit an application
for an authorisation, as legislated by the National Environmental Assessment Policy, to
undertake an activity or activities identified as a listed activity or listed activities; or in any
other notice published by the Minister or Ministry of Environment & Tourism.
Public - Citizens who have diverse cultural, educational, political and socio-economic
characteristics. The public is not a homogeneous and unified group of people with a set of
agreed common interests and aims. There is no single public. There are a number of publics,
some of whom may emerge at any time during the process depending on their particular
concerns and the issues involved.
Scoping Process - process of identifying: issues that will be relevant for consideration of
the application; the potential environmental impacts of the proposed activity; and
alternatives to the proposed activity that are feasible and reasonable.
Significant effect/Impact - means an impact that by its magnitude, duration, intensity or
probability of occurrence may have a notable effect on one or more aspects of the
environment
Stakeholders - A sub-group of the public whose interests may be positively or negatively
affected by a proposal or activity and/or who are concerned with a proposal or activity and
its consequences. The term therefore includes the proponent, authorities (both the lead
authority and other authorities) and all interested and affected parties (I&APs). The
principle that environmental consultants and stakeholder engagement practitioners should
be independent and unbiased excludes these groups from being considered stakeholders.
Stakeholder engagement - The process of engagement between stakeholders (the
proponent, authorities and I&APs) during the planning, assessment, implementation and/or
management of proposals or activities. The level of stakeholder engagement varies
depending on the nature of the proposal or activity as well as the level of commitment by
stakeholders to the process. Stakeholder engagement can therefore be described by a
spectrum or continuum of increasing levels of engagement in the decision-making process.
The term is considered to be more appropriate than the term public participation.
Sustainable Development - Development that meets the needs of the current generation
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs and
aspirations the definition of the World Commission on Environment and Development
(1987). Improving the quality of human life while living within the carrying capacity of
supporting ecosystems the definition given in a publication called Caring for the Earth:
A Strategy for Sustainable Living by the World Conservation Union (IUCN), the United
Nations Environment Programme and the World Wide Fund for Nature (1991).
Page 5 of 66
1.
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION
The Government of Namibia has mandated the National Petroleum Corporation of Namibia
(Pty) Ltd (NAMCOR) to import 50% of all imported fuel products into Namibia. In order to
optimise and streamline the activities of NAMCOR, and to enable the storage of strategic
fuel reserves for Namibia, a bulk fuel storage facility is proposed by NAMCOR in Walvis
Bay. This will also enable cost effective import, storage and distribution of fuel in Namibia.
As part of the development, Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd was appointed by B&P,
on behalf of NAMCOR, to conduct the EIA for the proposed bulk fuel storage facility,
pipeline route and associated infrastructure. The site is situated on a portion of Farm
Wanderdunen No. 23 in Walvis Bay (22.9570S; 014.5289E). See Figure A2, (Appendix
A).
This bulk fuel storage facility will be designed to receive bulk shipments of gasoline, AGO,
kerosene and heavy fuel oil from ships via a pipeline network from the existing Tanker
Jetty. Booster pumps and buffer tanks will be constructed near the Tanker Jetty for pumping
the received products from the Jetty to the bulk storage facility. The proposed bulk storage
facility will entail several aboveground bulk storage tanks as well as bund areas, pipelines,
pump stations, dispatch facilities (road and rail), a Customer Own Collection (COC)
facility, control rooms and offices.
As part of the development, the Municipality of Walvis Bay has proposed three (3) different
sites for consideration during the site selection and preliminary screening phase.
EnviroSolutions cc was appointed by Burmeister & Partners (Pty) Ltd (B&P), on behalf of
NAMCOR, to conduct the Phase 1 site screening process.
The final conclusions and recommendation by EnviroSolutions cc was presented to the
Municipality of Walvis Bay and approved by Council in 2007. Subsequently the
Municipality of Walvis Bay approved Site B, situated on a portion of Farm Wanderdunen
No. 23 in Walvis Bay, south of Narraville and requested an Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) to be conducted on the selected site. This EIA focuses therefore on the
selected site, recommended during the preliminary environmental screening.
The EIA is to identify potential environmental impacts and to provide associated mitigation
measures for the identified impacts, associated with the selected site.
The aims and objectives of the EIA are:
6to establish and describe the known ecological baseline conditions for environmental,
health and social conditions existing in the proposed project area;
6to conduct an environmental impact identification and assessment, and to provide a
description of the likely environmental impacts of the proposed project during the
construction and operational phases;
6to demonstrate that the EIA complies with current and/or expected Namibian legislative
requirements for environmental, health and social performance as well as with the
Clients respective environmental, social and health standards;
6to engage stakeholders, including the public, regarding the project and the various
environmental, social and health aspects;
6to identify and document mitigation measures to minimise adverse environmental
impacts;
6to draft and identify actions for the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of the bulk
fuel storage facility; and
6to identify fatal flaws and uncertainties encountered during the compilation of the EIA.
Page 6 of 66
1.1. Assumptions and Limitations

The following assumptions and limitations are applicable:
6All information received from sources contributing to this project is considered as
accurate. This includes all information contained in the Phase 1 report initial location
screening study conducted by EnviroSolutions cc.
6The Municipality of Walvis Bay provided three (3) alternative locations for the
development, these were assessed during the initial screening process. It is not a
Namibian legal requirement to conduct an EIA during the selection of a site from a list
of potential sites. Despite of this Namcor opted to include environmental issues as part
of their selection process. This EIA therefore considers no other alternative sites for the
proposed project.
2.
PROJECT SCOPE & OBJECTIVES
The scope of this EIA is to determine the potential environmental impacts emanating from the
construction and operation of the proposed NAMCOR Bulk fuel storage facility, the booster
pumps and buffer tanks and the associated infrastructure and pipelines. The scope of the EIA
study stretches from the flange on the existing Tanker Jetty to the proposed bulk fuel storage
facility, which is included. The connection between the flange and tanker ships is excluded.
Relevant environmental data have been compiled by making use of secondary data and
reconnaissance site visits. Potential bio-physical and social impacts will also be identified and
addressed in this report.
2.1. Terms of Reference

The Phase 2 section of the terms of reference stipulates that:
6An ecological baseline for the selected site and pipeline route be drafted.
6An environmental impact identification and assessment be made and to provide a
description of the likely environmental impacts of the proposed project during the
construction and the operational phases respectively.
6Interested and affected parties be consulted and that comments be solicited from them.
6Mitigating measures be identified and documented to keep adverse environmental
impacts to a minimum.
6An interim meeting be held with NAMCOR to discuss the content of the draft EIA
report.
6Revisions be made to the draft EIA report to incorporate potential comments from
NAMCOR.
The Phase 3 section of the terms of reference stipulates that:
6An environmental management plan (EMP) be drafted, including an outline for
monitoring and management programs during construction and operational phases
respectively, including possible plans for monitoring and penalties in case of noncompliance.
6Gaps and fatal flaws and uncertainties encountered be documented.
6The EMP must be drafted as such that it can be used as a separate document.
3.
METHODOLOGY
The following methods were used to investigate the potential impacts on the social and natural
environment due to the proposed construction and operation of the bulk fuel storage facility:
Page 7 of 66
6Baseline information about the site and its surroundings was obtained from existing
secondary information as well as from a reconnaissance site visit.
6As part of the scoping process to determine potential environmental impacts, Interested and
Affected Parties (I&APs) were consulted and their views, comments and opinions are
presented in this report.
4.
Administrative, Legal and Policy Requirements
To protect the environment and achieve sustainable development, all projects, plans,
programmes and policies (PPPPs) deemed to have adverse impacts on the environment require
an EIA according the Namibian legislation. The following legislation govern the EIA process in
Namibia, pertaining to the proposed development.
4.1. The Namibian Constitution

Article 95 of Namibias constitution provides that:
The State shall actively promote and maintain the welfare of the people by adopting, inter
alia, policies aimed at the following:
(l) management of ecosystems, essential ecological processes and biological diversity of
Namibia and utilization of living natural resources on a sustainable basis for the benefit of
all Namibians, both present and future; in particular the Government shall provide
measures against the dumping or recycling of foreign nuclear and toxic waste on Namibian
territory.
This article recommends that a relatively high level of environmental protection is called for
in respect of pollution control and waste management.
4.2. Environmental Assessment Policy of Namibia

The Environmental Assessment Policy of Namibia requires that all projects, policies,
programmes, and plans that have detrimental effect on the environment must be
accompanied by an EIA. The Environmental Assessment Procedure is depicted in Figure 1.
It further provides a guideline list of all activities requiring an impact assessment. The
proposed development is listed as a project requiring an impact assessment.
The policy provides a definition to the term environment - broadly interpreted to include
biophysical, social, economic, cultural, historical and political components and provides
reference to the inclusion of alternatives in all projects, policies, programmes and plans.
Cumulative impacts associated with proposed developments must be included as well as
public consultation. The policy further requires all major industries and mines to prepare
waste management plans and present these to the local authorities for approval.
Apart from the requirements of the Environmental Assessment Policy, the following
sustainability principles needs to be taken into consideration, particularly to achieve proper
waste management and pollution control:
4.2.1.1. Cradle to Grave Responsibility
This principle provides that those who manufacture potentially harmful products should
be liable for their safe production, use and disposal and that those who initiate
potentially polluting activities should be liable for their commissioning, operation and
decommissioning.
4.2.1.2. Precautionary Principle
There are numerous versions of the precautionary principle. At its simplest it provides
that if there is any doubt about the effects of a potentially polluting activity, a cautious
approach should be adopted.
Page 8 of 66
4.2.1.3. The Polluter Pays Principle

A person who generates waste or causes pollution should, in theory, pay the full costs of
its treatment or of the harm, which it causes to the environment.
4.2.1.4. Public Participation and Access to Information
In the context of environmental management, citizens should have access to information
and the right to participate in decisions making.
Figure 1: Environmental Assessment Procedure of Namibia (Environmental

Assessment Policy of 1995)
4.3. Environmental Management Act of Namibia (2007)

The Act provides a broad definition to the term environment - land, water and air; all
organic and inorganic matter and living organisms as well as biological diversity; the
interacting natural systems that include components referred to in sub-paragraphs, the
human environment insofar as it represents archaeological, aesthetic, cultural, historic,
economic, palaentological or social values. NOTE: this definition of environment was
used throughout this report.
This Act provides a list of projects requiring an EIA. The proposed development is also
listed as a project requiring an EIA under this Bill.
4.4. Petroleum Products and Energy Act of Namibia (Act No. 13 of 1990)
The Act makes provision for impact assessment for new proposed fuel facilities and
petroleum products known to have detrimental effects on the environment.
Page 9 of 66
4.5. Pollution Control and Waste Management Bill (guideline only)

Of particular reference to the above, the stated project, Parts 2, 7 and 8 apply.
Part 2 provides that no person shall discharge or cause to be discharged any pollutant to the
air from a process except under and in accordance with the provisions of an air pollution
licence issued under section 23.
Part 2 also further provides for procedures to be followed in licence application, fees to be
paid and required terms of conditions for air pollution licences.
Part 7 states that any person who sells, stores, transports or uses any hazardous substances
or products containing hazardous substances shall notify the competent authority, in
accordance with sub-section (2), of the presence and quantity of those substances.
The competent authority for the purposes of section 74 shall maintain a register of
substances notified in accordance with that section and the register shall be maintained in
accordance with the provisions.
Part 8 provides for emergency preparedness by the person handling hazardous substances,
through emergency response plans.
4.6. Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Ordinance of Namibia (No. 11 of 1976)

Part 2 of the Ordinance governs the control of noxious or offensive gases. The Ordinance
prohibits anyone from carrying on a scheduled process without a registration certificate in a
controlled area. The registration certificate must be issued if it can be demonstrated that the
best practical means are being adopted for preventing or reducing the escape into the
atmosphere of noxious or offensive gases produced by the scheduled process. Walvis Bay
has been declared a controlled area for the purposes of the Ordinance.
4.7. Hazardous Substances Ordinance (No. 14 of 1974)

The Ordinance applies to the manufacture, sale, use, disposal and dumping of hazardous
substances, as well as their import and export and is administered by the Minister of Health
and Social Welfare. Its primary purpose is to prevent hazardous substances from causing
injury, ill-health or the death of human beings.
4.8. Prevention and Combating of Pollution of the Sea by Oil Act (No. 6 of 1981)
Section 2 prohibits the discharge of oil.
Section 3 introduces the obligation of reporting on discharge and damage causing discharge
or likelihood of discharge by master of a discharging ship, tanker or offshore installation, or
any member of the crew of such ship or tanker or of the staff employed in connection with
such offshore installation, designated.
Section 4 specifies powers of the Minister to take steps to prevent pollution of the sea where
oil is being or is likely to be discharged.
Section 5 provides for inspection of ship or tanker and of records, and taking of samples of
oil. Remaining sections provide, inter alia, for liability for loss, damage or costs caused by
discharge of oil and compulsory insurance against liability for loss, damage or costs.
4.9. Municipality of Walvis Bay (by-laws, guidelines and regulations)

4.9.1. Environmental Impact Assessment procedure guidelines
Provides a procedure to be followed for new projects to be established within the
jurisdiction of Walvis Bay.
Requires the submission of project proposal to the office of the CEO, which in turn
forwards the proposal to different departments within the Municipality for comments.
Page 10 of 66
The Environmental Management Section decides based on comments, EIA policy and
EM Act as to whether the proposal requires an EIA or not.
4.9.2. Draft Structure Plan of the Municipality of Walvis Bay
The main objective of the Structure Plan is to Set Guidelines that will ensure the best
possible living conditions and environment for the residents of Walvis Bay.
The secondary goals and objectives of the Structure Plan are as follows:
6Provide sufficient infrastructure to all erven;
6Lessen the shortage in housing and accommodation; and
6Establish and develop a diversified economic base by looking at tourism,
manufacturing, fishing, services and sectors and the part/harbour for example
The spatial elements of the Structure Plan, which are applicable to the study area, are
discussed under Section 4.
4.9.3. Integrated Environmental Policy of Walvis Bay (Agenda 21 Project)
The Integrated Environmental Policy indicates the directions that the Municipality of
Walvis Bay will move towards in the forthcoming years to fulfil its responsibilities to
manage the environment of Walvis Bay together with the towns residents and
institutions.
It is a statement of purpose that commits the municipality to certain principles, policy
directions, and tools.
It serves as an adaptive, flexible framework for a series of sectoral strategies and
action plans, these inspired by visions of a better environmental future.
The Policy is directed at assuring the longer-run management of Walvis Bays
environment for the benefit of all its residents and its visitors.
The policy has identified ten (10) priority areas that need to be tackled by the
Municipality, these are:
4.10.
1.
Managing Walvis Bays Ramsar Wetland Site
2.
Minimising the Consumption of Water
3.
Reducing Marine Pollution in Walvis Bay itself
4.
Improving Walvis Bays Air Quality
5.
Understanding and Solving Ground Pollution Issues
6.
Conserving Threatened Species and their Habitats
7.
Managing Off-Road Driving and other Recreational Activities
8.
Improving Sanitation Facilities for shackdwellers
9.
Eradicating Litter Hotspots in Walvis Bay and on the Seashore
10.
Educating Residents, particularly Learners, about Walvis Bays Environment

and its Ecosystems.
Relevant International Standards, Treaties and Conventions

4.10.1. The International Finance Corporations (IFC) Policy on Social and
Environmental Sustainability
The Developer is likely to seek funding from an international funding organisation
such as the International Finance Corporation (IFC). The IFCs Environmental
Page 11 of 66
requirements for projects they fund are contained in the above document and the
various Performance Standards. The following Standards are applicable:
Performance Standard 1:
Social and Environmental Assessment and Management

Systems
Pollution Prevention and Abatement
Community Health, Safety and Security.
These Performance Standards have been considered and the applicable requirements
incorporated into the EIA and EMP.
4.10.2. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
Article 207 of the Convention requires states to prevent, reduce and control pollution
of the marine environment from land-based sources, including rivers, estuaries,
pipelines and outfall structures.
5.
Project Details
The project site is situated on a portion of Farm Wanderdunen No. 23 in Walvis Bay
(22.9570S; 014.5289E). See Figure A2 (Appendix A).
The site is currently surrounded by undeveloped land in all directions (at least 300m), with the
current municipal zoning classification as undeveloped land. To the north of the undeveloped
land is the residential suburb of Narraville. To the east is more undeveloped land and to the
south is the sewerage works, with the Diaz traffic circle and weighbridge to the west.
The proposed bulk fuel storage facility will entail several aboveground bulk storage tanks as
well as bund areas, pipelines, pump stations, dispatch facilities (road and rail), a Customer Own
Collection Facility (COC), control rooms and offices, see Figure 2. Buffer pumps and buffer
tanks will be constructed near the Tanker Jetty, with associated underground pipelines from the
Tanker Jetty to the storage facility. This will form part of the development.
Not to Scale
Figure 2. Conceptual site layout (Burmeister & Partners (Pty) Ltd)
Page 12 of 66
5.1. Proposed tank specifications for the Bulk Fuel Storage Facility
The proposed bulk fuel storage facility will consist of ten (10) different storage tanks. The
facility will be able to store 118,000m of 5 different products and provision is made to
expand the storage capacity of the facility up to 238,000m. The facility will have a
throughput capacity of at least 520,000m3/yr to either road loading or rail loading. The
throughput capacity will be more if both road loading and rail loading are used
simultaneously. Allowance is made to expand this capacity to 1,100,000m3/yr. This is 50%
of the predicted market demand in the year 2028 according to the Desktop Market Demand
Study (LSM Consulting South Africa. (2007)).
The storage tanks will all be aboveground and will consist of fixed and floating rooftop
tanks. Preliminary designs indicate that there will be eight (8) floating rooftops and two (2)
fixed rooftops within the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. In addition, there will be other
smaller fire fighting and safety tanks within the proposed facility.
Table 1: Proposed Storage Details
Tank No
Product
10
LRP
LRP
ULP
ULP
AGO
AGO
DPK
DPK
HFO
HFO
Capacity (m ) 16 500 5000
16 500 5000
30 000 20 000 10 000 5000
7500
2500
Diameter (m) 34.6
19.1
34.6
19.1
46.7
38.1
27
19.1
22.7
13.9
Height (m)
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
18
Pressure (kPa) ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
ATM
Temp (C)
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
Type
Above
Above Above Above
Above Above
Above Above Above
Above
Material
Steel
Steel
Steel
Steel
Steel
Steel
Type of roof
Floating Floating Floating Floating Floating Floating Floating Floating Fixed
Fixed
20
Steel
Steel
Steel
Steel
Bulk fuel storage tanks may require an internal floating roof or a fixed rooftop. If a floating
roof is used in the tank structure, the roof is floating on the liquid or fuel stored in the tank.
The roof rises and falls with the level of liquid inside the tank, achieving a no vapour zone.
The objective of the internal floating roof is to have minimal or eliminate completely the
potential gaseous zone above the liquid. This is merely a safety feature required within the
industry of storage tank systems. An advantage associated with internal floating rooftops is
that by removing the gaseous zone above the liquid, chances of corrosion or oxidizing
elements is reduces (Engineers Edge, 2007). Figure 3 illustrates a simplistic view of an
internal floating roof.
Fixed rooftops simply do not have the internal floating roof and air above the liquid is
vented through installed venting outlets as liquid rises in the tanks.
Page 13 of 66
Figure 3: Floating rooftop (Engineers Edge, 2007)
5.2. Tank specifications for the booster pump and buffer tank site
Three (3) tanks are proposed for the booster pump station to be located near the existing
Tanker Jetty. Table 2, below indicates the specifications for the proposed tanks.
Although the ULP and LRP tanks are all fixed roof tanks, they will be equipped with an
artificial inert atmosphere to prevent the release of vapours and to avoid explosive
atmospheres inside tanks.
Table 2. Tank specifications for the booster pump and buffer tank site
Tank no
Tank 1
Tank 2
Tank 3
Product (type of fuel)
ULP/LRP
DPK/AGO
HFO
Capacity (m )
600
600
50
Diameter (m)
8.5
8.5
3.5
Height (m)
12
12
12
Pressure (kPa) (g)
-0.25/1.0
ATM
ATM
Temp (C)
50
50
50
Type
Aboveground
Aboveground
Aboveground
Material
Steel
Steel
Steel
Type of rooftop
Fixed
Fixed
Fixed
5.3. Pipeline Specifications

The proposed bulk fuel storage facility will be supplied with fuel via three (3) underground
pipelines from the existing Tanker Jetty. These pipes will be installed along the identified
route in a trench 1.5 meters below the surface, see Figure A2, Appendix A. Provision will
be made in the trench for possible future insertion of a fourth pipeline.
The pipes will be made of carbon steel and will consists of the following dimensions:
Pipe 1: 18" (inches) steel according to SANS with necessary protection.
Pipe 4: 18" (inches) - (Proposed fourth pipeline to be installed for future expansion of the
bulk fuel storage facility)
Page 14 of 66
5.4. Installation and related activities

Construction activities will include:
Booster Pump And Buffer Tank - Site
6Site preparation as required by geotechnical survey;
6Civil works required for three new tank bases, bund area, six pump bases and associated
building near the existing Tanker Jetty;
6Electrical supply;
6Backup power generator;
6Nitrogen storage for tank blanketing and operating control valves;
6Installation of foam tank and foam eductor;
6Transport and installation of the storage tanks and relevant material and bunding; and
6new buildings required at the buffer tank, generator room and guard houses at gates.
Pipeline
6Construction of underground feeding pipelines from the existing Tanker Jetty to the
bulk fuel storage facility;
6Delivery of pipes to be installed and placement along excavated pipeline route;
6Digging of pipeline trenches and installation of pipes into trenches; and
6Possible trench dewatering.
Bulk fuel storage facility

6Site preparation as required by geotechnical survey;
6Civil works required for bund area and bund walls;
6Tank bases for ten new product storage tanks, slop tank, firewater tank, two-AGO day
tanks, two foam tanks and air receiver;
6New buildings required for offices, workshops, control room, generator room and guard
houses at gates;
6Installation of fuel pipelines at the facility;
6Construction of COC facility;
6Construction of parking bays and fuel loading facilities;
6Construction of access roads and railway lines;
6Construction of overhead dispensing facilities (gantry);
6Construction of spill control measures;
6Installation of associated electrical, water and sewerage reticulation; and
6Installation of associated fire fighting equipment and water pipelines.
Operational activities will include:

6Receiving and unloading of products from ships;
6Pumping of fuel from Tanker Jetty to the bulk fuel storage facility;
6Storage and handling of product in on-site tanks;
6Loading of products to transportation vehicles and other links, such as pipelines, rail
tankers, trucks and ships, for distribution to customers; and
Page 15 of 66
6Supply of fuel in bulk to customers at the COC facility.
5.5. NAMCOR Social and Environmental Policies

NAMCOR has adopted the following policies with regard to recruitment, employee health
and well-being and career advancement:
6Employee Assistance Programme Policy this policy recognises that the general wellbeing of employees is important to the Company. It provides the platform for
assistance with marital/family problems, HIV/AIDS counselling, violence, trauma, debt,
stress, family violence, alcohol addition, etc;
6Employee Study Assistance Policy - provides the platform for assistance for employees
who wish to advance themselves academically;
6Recruitment and Selection Policy guidelines and procedures to the recruitment and
selection of personnel; and
6Health, Safety, Security and Environmental (HSSE) Policy of NAMCOR.
The employees to be appointed during this project will receive the same opportunities as
existing NAMCOR employees in terms of the above policies.
6.
THE BASELINE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT
This Section lists the most important environmental characteristics of the study area and
provides a statement on the potential environmental impacts on each. The SANS 10089
standards for the Petroleum Industry were consulted for the baseline assessment (reported on in
this section) and subsequent impact assessment (reported on in Section 7) to incorporate all
required and pertinent issues in the investigation.
6.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS QUO

This section provides an overview of socio-economic characteristics of the study area. It
provides regional and local information on the, economic activities, population dynamics
and social services currently available in the area.
6.1.1. Regional context
The proposed bulk fuel storage facility is situated in the Erongo Region of Namibia
for which the total current population (2007) is estimated to be 111,346 (57,694
males and 53,653 females) (NPC, 2003). Ninety three percent of the population of
the Erongo Region over 15years of age is literate(1) while the estimated
unemployment rate is 34%.
According to the Namibia Human Development Report (1999), the Human
Development Index (HDI)(2) for the Erongo Region was at a relatively high level of
0.67, compared to other parts of the country such as the four north-central Regions
and the Caprivi where this index varies from 0.46 to 0.58.
The Human Poverty Index(3) also used in the Namibia Human Development Report is
a measure of deprivation: the proportion of the population being deprived of certain
elements of human life. Approximately 15% of the population in the Erongo Region
is poverty stricken, compared to more than one third of the population of the
1
The census considers this figure to be overestimated because no literacy tests were administered.
HDI consists of three components: 1) life expectancy at birth (longevity); 2) knowledge, measured by the adult
literacy rate and the school enrolment rate; and 3) access to resources measured by per capita income. A Gini
coefficient of zero means perfect equality; a coefficient of one perfect inequality.
HPI is measured by 1) proportion of the population expected to die before the age of 40; 2) illiteracy; and 3) percent
without access to safe water and health services and the percentage of malnourished children.
Page 16 of 66
Ohangwena and Caprivi Regions. Approximately 26% of Namibians are poverty

stricken.
The Erongo Region is a relatively highly urbanised area for Namibia the 2001
Census shows that 80% of its population live in urban areas. People are mostly
settled at the coastal towns of Walvis Bay and Swakopmund, presumably due to the
employment opportunities found there.
6.1.2. Walvis Bay
6.1.2.1. Economic activities
Walvis Bay, the principal port of Namibia, is an import / export facility for
processed fish, mining products and beef. Mining products and raw material
exports are on the rise with the present upheaval in the uranium industry.
The area is linked to Namibias air, rail and road network, making its port well
situated to service Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Southern Angola and South
Africa.
The fishing industry is the major employer of low skilled workers on a permanent
and seasonal basis. The total employment of this sector is estimated at 2% of the
total Namibian workforce.
The major constraints of industrial development are the lack of sufficient water
supply, the lack of a large enough local market and the excessive focus on the
fishing industry. Most industries that exist at the coast are either secondary or
tertiary suppliers to the fishing industry.
Industrial activities in the town of Walvis Bay centres around port-related
activities. More and more demand is, and will be, generated to obtain industrial and
commercial land in close proximity to the port (as is the general nature of harbour
towns). Most industries that are dependent on the port related activities need to
limit operational costs by being located as close as possible to the port itself.
NAMCOR is no exception.
There is a zone for EPZ (Export Processing Zone) companies in Walvis Bay,
situated to the west of the B2 road to Swakopmund, northwest of the proposed bulk
fuel storage facility.
These companies receive generous incentives from
Government, geared towards the training of Namibians. In order to qualify for EPZ
status a company must export to markets outside SACU, earn foreign currency and
employ Namibians. Another EPZ zone (EPZ phase 2) is being planned due west of
the proposed bulk fuel storage facility.
Tourism is considered an important industry that will diversify the economy of the
town and decrease the dependence on the natural fishing stocks. In the
Municipality of Walvis Bays Draft Structure Plan it is admitted that tourism must
still be developed to its full potential.
6.1.2.2. Demographics
Selected census indicators (NPC, 2003) for the Walvis Bay Urban Constituency are
provided in Table 3. It is difficult to determine the population size of Walvis Bay.
By comparing figures from the 2001 census and previous town-specific surveys
(TRP Associates Housing Demand and Affordability Study, 1997; projected by
SPC, 1999), the latter figures are considerably higher. The most conservative
projection places the Walvis Bay population (2008) at 69,465 assuming a growth
rate of 6% since 1998.
Page 17 of 66
Table 3: Selected census indicators for the Walvis Bay Urban Constituency
(NPC, 2003), except population projection (SPC,1999)
Population Size (projected)
69,465
Sex ratio (males per 100 females)
149
Head of household % males
67
Literacy rate 15+ years %
93
Children 6-15 years attending school %
88
In labour force (economically
active) 76
Labour force 15+ years %
Employed 66
Unemployed 34
Households with safe water
99
Households with no toilet facility
0
Electricity for lighting
92
Main source of income wages and salaries 78
The abnormal male dominance in Walvis Bay, when compared to other towns in
Namibia, is due to the influx of males from the north seeking jobs in the fishing
industry and living in single quarters in the town.
The literacy rate for the Walvis Bay population is high when compared to the rest of
the country, even when compared only with the urban areas. The 1993/94
household and expenditure survey revealed, however, that there are great
differences between the three main areas of Walvis Bay. In the Kuisebmond and
Narraville populations, a maximum of 3% have some form of tertiary education,
while 13% of the Walvis Bay Centres population have some form of tertiary
education. SPC (1999) indicated that 31% of the labour force of Walvis Bay did
unqualified work at that time.
With an estimated unemployment rate of 34%, there is a definite need for projects
that can lower the unemployment rate of the region. The bulk fuel storage facility
has the potential to create a number of employment positions as well as the
opportunity to create further employment opportunities in companies supplying
various services to the proposed facility.
6.1.3. Surrounding Land Use
6.1.3.1. Immediate surrounds
The land to the immediate northwest and southeast of the Project Site is presently
vacant. A new light industrial area, which will comprise EPZ Phase 2, is being
planned to the northwest.
6.1.3.2. Narraville
The neighbourhood Narraville is a low to medium income residential
neighbourhood situated >500m northeast of the outer boundaries of the proposed
bulk fuel storage facility. Narraville is made up of four extensions, namely
Narraville Proper and Extensions 1-3. The housing in this neighbourhood mostly
comprise single residential dwellings. Buildings, open spaces and other facilities
are relatively well kept. Photographs 1 and 2 below indicate the quality of the
houses along the southwestern boundary of this neighbourhood, which are the
closest to the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. Narraville is fully serviced with
tarred streets, waterborne sewerage, electricity and overhead street lighting.
Page 18 of 66
Photo 1. Narraville neighbourhood
Photo 2. Narraville neighbourhood
6.1.3.3. The sewerage wetlands

To the southwest of the study area is the sewerage works of the Municipality of
Walvis Bay. The wetlands, even though a sensitive habitat for birds (see Section
5.3), pose a health risk for humans as some untreated sewerage is pumped into the
system during breakdowns or when capacity is exceeded. The Municipality of
Walvis Bays Draft Structure Plan nevertheless recommends that the sewerage
ponds remain where they are (SPC, 1999).
During the Public Meeting for this EIA, members of the Narraville community
confirmed the facility to be a source of foul smells. Mosquito problems are also
being experienced.
6.1.4. Structure Plans vision for the study area
The Municipality of Walvis Bays Draft Structure Plan (SPC, 1999) identifies the
area directly west of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility (see Figure A2, Appendix
A) as a future light industrial area. This is a 32ha portion of land set aside for the
expansion of the existing EPZ, i.e. EPZ Phase 2. The Draft Structure Plan (1999)
indicates this industrial extension as an existing project, however it was already
approved at the time when the Draft Structure Plan was devised. The current zoning
of the land is Undetermined Land and this is now in a lengthy rezoning process to
change the zoning to Industrial Land.
The land on which the bulk fuel storage facility is being proposed would form the
gateway or the edge of the town as one enters from Dune 7 and the airport, on the
C14 road. It would be the interface between the town and the desert. Proposals are
made in the Draft Structure Plan for treating this desert edge, which is problematic in
terms of wind-borne sand, blown towards the built-up area. The Draft Structure Plan
proposed that a reinforced sand dune be created on the outer edge, followed by a
concrete filter and a vegetation filter in the inner zone closest to the developed area.
6.2. BIO-PHYSICAL STATUS QUO

6.2.1. Climate
Walvis Bay is centrally located on the Namibian coastline in the arid Namib Desert.
The arid conditions are a result of dry descending air and upwelling of the cold
Benguela Current (EEU, 2000).
Namibia is situated within an anti-cyclone belt of the Southern Hemispehere. Winds
generated from the high-pressure cell over the Atlantic Ocean blow from a southerly
direction when they reach the Namibian coastline. As the Namibian interior is warm
(particularly in summer), localised low-pressure systems are created which draws the
cold southerly winds towards the inland desert areas. These winds manifest
themselves in the form of strong prevailing southwesterly winds, which range from
Page 19 of 66
an average of 20knots (37km/h) during winter months to as high as 60knots

(110km/h) during the summer. Winds near Walvis Bay display two main trends; high
velocity and frequency south to southwesterly winds in summer and high velocity,
low frequency east to northeasterly winds during winter. During winter, the east
winds generated over the hot Namib Desert have a strong effect on temperature,
resulting in temperature in the upper 30s degrees Celsius and tend to transport plenty
of sand (EEU, 2000).
Thick fog or low stratus clouds are a regular occurrence in Walvis Bay. This is due to
the influence of the Benguela Current and forms the major source of water for the
succulent and lichen flora in the Namib Desert. A summary of climate conditions is
presented below in Table 4.
Table 4: Summary Climate Data
Average annual rainfall (mm/a)
Variation in annual rainfall (%)
Average annual evaporation (mm/a)
Water deficit (mm/a)
Average annual temperatures (C)
0-50
< 100
2400-2600
1701-1900
>16
6.2.2. Corrosion Environment

Walvis Bay is located in a very corrosive environment, which may be attributed to the
frequent salt-laden fog, periodic winds and abundance of aggressive salts (dominantly
NaCl and sulphates) in the soil. The periodic release of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) from
the ocean is expected to contribute to corrosion. See Table 5 for corrosion comparison
data with other centres.
The combination of high moisture and salt content of the surface soil can lead to rapid
deterioration of subsurface metal (e.g. pipelines) and concrete structures. Chemical
weathering of concrete structures due to the abundant salts in the soil is a concern.
Table 5. Material weight loss measured in mils/year after 20 years exposure
(Contrarian Metal Resources)
City
Material
Weathering Steel
Mild Steel
Zinc
Copper
96261 Aluminum
96082 Aluminum
96063 Aluminum
95251 Aluminum
93103 Aluminum
T430 Stainless
T304 Stainless
T316 Stainless
Walvis
Pretoria Durban Cape
Durban Sasolburg
Bay
Bay
Town
Bluff
45.28
0.9
8.35
3.6
31.89
4.21
33.31
1.7
14.61
10.12
86.22
5.91
0.13
0.91
1.14
4.37
0.6
1.51
0.22
0.037
0.28
0.97
0.55
0.15
0.93
0.12
0.23
0.01
0.14
0.13
1.09
0.19
0.01
0.12
0.14
0.79
0.16
0.01
0.14
0.15
0.66
0.18
0.01
0.021
0.17
0.77
0.11
0.02
0.001
0.02
0.01
0.07
0.004
0.004
0.001
0.003
0.005
0.02
0.004
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.01
Page 20 of 66
6.2.3. Topography and Surface water

The topography is generally flat with a local gentle slope in a westerly direction
(towards the harbour). Drainage is poorly developed due to the lack of rainfall
(15mm/annum) received in the area. The Atlantic Ocean (lagoon and harbour) is the
only surface water body near the site, with the sewerage ponds as an artificial water
body, located to the southwest.
A number of small sand dunes are present on the site and they will be removed during
the construction phase. The site will further be elevated to approximately 1.2m above
the current ground level.
6.2.4. Geology and Hydrogeology
Deep unconsolidated sediments of Tertiary to Recent age underlie the Walvis Bay
area. The deposits have been formed by a combination of fluvial, estuarine, coastal
and aeolian processes. Bedrock is estimated to occur at depths of between 40 60m
below surface. The site has generally a clayey soil consisting of petric Gypsisols, with
some dune sand.
Mobilization of sand in the Walvis Bay area is dominated by the southwest wind,
while seasonally the northeast wind also contributes to the movement of sand.
Transport process of sand causes the migration of sand to areas where dunes are
formed, with a maximum angle of repose of 32, to heights of up to 100m. At the site
itself only low-level dunes are present. In Walvis Bay sand migration is effectively
controlled through the construction of sand trapping palisades and /or green belts.
Groundwater flow would be mostly along primary porosity and through preferred
pathways within the sediments. No potable groundwater source is known of in the
vicinity of the site. Groundwater at the site is expected to be saline and the depth to
watertable at the site is expected to be less than 2m below surface. This level is
fluctuating and do rise to surface from time to time. It is conceptualise that the
volume of semi treated sewerage effluent disposed off into the nearby sewerage
ponds plays a major role in the fluctuation of the waterlevel at the proposed site. This
might also lower the salinity of the groundwater in the area.
Groundwater flow from the site can be expected to be in a western direction. Local
groundwater drainage patterns may vary due to changes in waterlevels in the nearby
sewerage ponds. Groundwater is utilized in the area, with 2 known boreholes (wells)
within a 10km radius.
The Municipality of Walvis Bay currently purchase fresh / potable water from
Namwater which is sourced from the Kuiseb Water Supply Scheme.
6.3. Fauna and Flora

The proposed site is located within an urban set-up. There are therefore no fauna or flora
present at the site. Table 6 and Table 7 below indicate the fauna and flora found in the
biome in which Walvis Bay is situated.
The study area including the vacant land surrounding the proposed bulk fuel storage facility
is bounded by development on three sides. The habitat for fauna is therefore fragmented
and expected to be degraded as a result. It is unlikely that all the species listed for this
Biome occur in the vicinity of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility.
The sewerage ponds, situated to the southwest of the study area, are regarded as a sensitive
wetlands area, albeit a manmade fresh water source and attraction for pelicans and
flamingos. These wetlands support 53% of the duck and geese population in the area. The
wetland is formed by the constant inflow of semi-purified water and supports extensive
stands of reeds. There is also a flight path for birds between the sewerage ponds and the
offshore bird breeding platform (ghwano island) some 5km north of Walvis Bay.
Page 21 of 66
Table 6: General Regional Flora Data

Biome
Desert
Vegetation type
Southern desert
Vegetation structure type
Number of plant species
Namib grassland
Lowest (Diversity rank = 7
[1 to 7 representing highest to lowest diversity])
Less than 50
Percentage tree cover
Tree height (m)

Percentage shrub cover
0
0
Shrub height (m)
Percentage dwarf shrub cover
0.1-1
Dwarf shrub height (m)
< 0.5
Percentage grass cover
0.1-1
Grass height (m)
< 0.5
Dominant plant species 1
Brownanthus arenosus
Othonna cylindrical
Euphorbia gummifera
Stipagrostis obtuse
Stipagrostis ciliata
Diversity of higher plants
Table 7: General Regional Fauna Data
7.
Mammal Diversity
16 - 30 Species
Rodent Diversity
8 - 11 Species
Bird Diversity
141 - 170 Species
Reptile Diversity
31 - 40 Species
Snake Diversity
10 - 14 Species
Lizard Diversity
24 - 27 Species
Frog Diversity
1 - 3 Species
Termite Diversity
1 - 6 Genera
Scorpion Diversity
12 - 13 Species
STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
The following tasks were performed as part of the stakeholder engagement process for this EIA.
6A stakeholders list was compiled from databases for the area and from contacts obtained
from the Project Team, the Client and the Municipality of Walvis Bay.
6A Background Information Document (BID) explaining the key elements of the Project
(Appendix B) was drafted and distributed to all contacts on the Stakeholders List. The BID
also included an invitation to the Public Meeting.
6Two meetings were convened (see details below), the first which targeted input from key
authorities and stakeholders. The second meeting targeted input from the public, nongovernmental organisations, local communities and other interested and affected parties.
7.1. Meeting with key authorities and stakeholders

A meeting with key authorities and stakeholders was held in Walvis Bay on the 24th of
January 2008. The aim of this meeting was to solicit issues and concerns from the key
authorities represented in Walvis Bay, regarding the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. To
this meeting were invited the applicable officials of the Municipality of Walvis Bay,
Page 22 of 66
ERONGORED, Telecom, and NAMPORT. The participants were all invited via e-mail. A
total of 24 people attended the meeting, with all key authorities represented.
The minutes of the meeting and the attendance list are attached as Appendix C.
Key issues raised at this meeting can be summarised as follows:
Table 8: Summary of issues raised at the meeting with key Authorities
THEME
ISSUE
Standards
6 Which standards to be implemented?
Health and Safety
6 Will the bulk fuel storage facility be ISO 9000 and
14000 compliant?
6 Which Health and Safety Standards will be
implemented?
6 Contingency/Disaster Management Plan required.
6 Fire Safety/Fighting arrangements.
Traffic
6 Impacts of shunting on town traffic.
6 Road vs rail impacts on traffic.
6 Noise pollution from shunting activities.
Pollution
6 Potential spilling during rail loading.
Land Use: Effect on surrounding 6 Land use change from undetermined to heavy
communities
industrial.
Habitat, Fauna & Flora
6 Potential fauna and flora affected.
6 Proximity to the sensitive sewerage wetland habitat
Consultation
6 Consult NAMPORTs EMP.
Impacts at Jetty
6 Existing Tanker Jetty vs new jetty.
6 Consider potential impacts at the existing Tanker
Jetty.
Impacts on the nearby Narraville 6 Increased noise from shunting.
community
6 Economic effect from reduced property values.
7.2. Public Meeting

A public consultation meeting was held in Narraville, Walvis Bay on the 24th of January
2008. The Public were notified of the Public Meeting in the following ways:
6The invitation to the meeting and call for participation was published in The Namibian
and Namib Times newspapers.
6Pamphlets were distributed to all Narraville residents who reside in the row of erven
north of the study area, by delivering these personally at their homes.
6Posters were displayed at the Municipal Building in Narraville, at the library, the local
shops and businesses and schools. Posters were also displayed at various businesses
notice boards throughout Walvis Bay.
A total of 31 people attended the Public Meeting, including representatives from local
community groups, nearby residents, municipal officials and the press. The minutes of the
meeting and the attendance list are attached as Appendix D.
The key issues that emanated from the Public Meeting are summarised in Table 9. All
relevant issues have been considered in the impact assessment of the proposed bulk fuel
storage facility.
Page 23 of 66
Table 9: Key issues emanating from the Public Meeting

THEME
ISSUE
Economic impact
6 Acknowledged as good investment; a positive
boost for the economy.
Health and Safety
6 Potential explosions and associated risks at site and
along the pipeline.
Noise
6 Impacts of increased noise from traffic and
shunting.
Traffic
6 Impacts of increased traffic and shunting.
Pollution
6 Potential groundwater pollution.
Land Use: Effect on surrounding 6 Minimum distances required from Narraville.
communities
6 Increased smells, pollution, noise and health
problems in Narraville.
6 Consider prevailing winds.
6 How did the Municipality approve the site without
consultation with the Narraville community?
6 Consider an alternative site.
6 Written proof of impacts and later monitoring
results required.
6 Following up baseline monitoring.
6 Future management, maintenance and monitoring.
Impacts at Jetty
6 Which facilities to be used at the harbour?
6 Existing Tanker Jetty or new jetty?
Miscellaneous
6 Aesthetic issues
6 Beyond implementation.
6 Access to information.
6 Compensation for health impacts.
6 Who are the Directors of NAMCOR?
Photo 3: Issue cards gathered at the meeting grouped into themes
Page 24 of 66
8.
ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS
The purpose of this Section is to identify and consider the most pertinent environmental impacts
and to provide possible mitigation measures that are expected from the development, services
and maintenance activities. Two different phases are associated with the proposed development.
Firstly, the construction and installation phase, and secondly the operational phase are being
covered by this assessment. Should the facility close or expand in the future, an EIA will need
to be conducted to deal with the associated changes to the bulk fuel storage facility. Mitigation
measures for the identified impacts are also provided in this Section.
The following assessment methodology was used to examine each impacts identified:
Table 10: Criteria for Impact Evaluation (DEAT 2006)
Assessment Evaluation
Criteria
Nature of impact
Extent of impact being
either
Duration of impact
being either
Intensity of impact
being either
Probability of impact
being either
Significance of impact
being either
[Significance of impact
with mitigation
measures (WM) and
significance without
mitigation measures
(WOM)]
Significance Rating
Type of effect the proposed activity would have on the affected
environment this either be positive (P) or negative (N)
I - Immediate (the site and immediate surrounds)
L - Local (Walvis Bay)
R - Regional (Erongo Region)
N - National (Namibia)
I International
ST - Short term (0-5 years)
MT - Medium term (5-15 years)
LT - Long term (lifetime of the development)
L - Low (where natural, cultural and social functions and
processes are not affected)
M - Medium (where the affected environment is altered but
natural, cultural and social functions and processes can continue)
H - High (where the affected environment is altered to the extent
that natural, cultural and social functions and processes will
temporarily or permanently cease)
LP - Low probability (possibility of impact occurring is low)
P - Probable (where there is a distinct possibility that it will occur)
HP - Highly probable (where the impact is most likely to occur)
D - Definite (where the impact will occur)
L - Low (where natural, cultural, social and economic functions
and processes are not affected). In the case of adverse impacts,
mitigation is either easily achieved or little will be required, or
both. In the case of beneficial impacts, alternative means of
achieving this benefit are likely to be easier, cheaper, more
effective and less time-consuming
M - Medium (where the affected environment is altered but
natural, cultural, social and economic functions and processes can
continue). An impact exists but is not substantial in relation to
other impacts that might take effect within the bounds of those
that could occur. In the case of beneficial impacts, other means of
achieving this benefit are about equal in time, cost and effort.
H - High (where the affected environment is altered to the extent
that natural, cultural, social and economic functions and processes
will temporarily or permanently cease). In the case of adverse
impacts, there is no possible mitigation that could offset the
impact, or mitigation is difficult, expensive, time consuming or a
combination of these. In the case of beneficial impacts, the impact
is of a Substantial order within the bounds of impacts that could
occur.
Page 25 of 66
8.1. Overall socio-economic benefits and issues

8.1.1. Socio-economic benefits
The overall capital investment is estimated to be N$757million. Through this
investment, the overall revenue of the Country will increase through payment of
income tax, Pay As You earn, (PAYE), VAT, and Import Tax.
8.1.1.1. Potential Direct Benefits
6Direct capital investment;
6Stimulation of skills transfer: Due to the nature of their operations, NAMCOR
have no other option but to implement a training programme for all staff.
Training programmes will be advanced and staff will permanently benefit from
these training programmes. Many of the training programmes are targeting
specifically semi-skilled Namibian workers
6Stimulus for technology transfer to Namibia: The new plant includes state-ofthe-art technology (e.g. vapour recovery systems). These technologies are not
presently in operation in Walvis Bay. The operation, maintenance and support
of these new technologies will without doubt expose local artisans and
industries to these. The net effect will be a workforce and supporting services,
which is internationally more competitive than what it is at the moment
6Stimulation of economic development (e.g. supply of materials and goods for
construction purposes; new businesses, employment, housing, better markets
and access to public services etc.).
6Security of fuel supply: the new NAMCOR project aims to avert risks
associated with volatile international fuel supplies. Fuel is regarded as a
strategic commodity and the country as a whole depends on reliable fuel
supplies. If Namibias economic growth targets (Vision 2030) are to be met,
then fuel supply must never be in short supply or compromised. It is therefore
in national interest for the nation to pursue a project of this nature as soon as
possible. Recent events in 2006, when refineries in South Africa malfunctioned
have impacted on Namibias economy. Similar, but larger breakdowns in future
may have catastrophic impacts on the Namibian economy.
6Job creation: approximately 46 new jobs will be created. It is estimated that 46
new jobs will ensure livelihood for at least 230 people (young and old) in
Walvis Bay. Given the unemployment rate which exceeds 30% in Walvis Bay,
this in itself is regarded as a significant benefit to the socio-economic situation
in the town
8.1.1.2. Potential Indirect Benefits
6More competitive conditions that could lower costs of consumer goods;
6The need for more residential dwellings in Walvis Bay;
6Expansion of trade and industrial activity in the town;
6Inducement of additional investments;
6Creation of new long-term employment opportunities outside the bulk fuel
storage facility; and
6General enhancement of the health conditions and quality of life in the town of
Walvis Bay.
Of significance is the prospect of diversification of the Walvis Bay economy,
which is presently mainly focussed on fishing and related industry.
Page 26 of 66
8.1.1.3. General socio-economic concerns

Notwithstanding the above benefits there are a few concerns that could reduce or
counteract the above benefits related to the project, as follows:
6Increased spread of HIV/AIDS particularly during construction;
6Increased influx of people to Walvis Bay as people come in search of job
opportunities during construction and operation of the proposed bulk fuel
storage facility; and
6Increased informal settlement and associated problems.
Table 11: Impact Evaluation Socio-economy
Identified
Impact
Increased
spread of
HIV/ AIDS
Increased
influx to
Walvis Bay
Increased
informal
settlement
and
associated
problems
Significance
WOM
WM
Extent
Duration
Intensity
Probability
LT
ST
ST
8.2. Development phases and associated issues

8.2.1. Construction phase of the bulk fuel storage facility
The following potential effects on the environment during the construction phase of
the bulk fuel storage facility have been identified:
8.2.1.1. Dust
Dust will be generated during the construction phase and might be aggravated
during the winter months when strong winds occur. It is recommended that regular
dust suppression be included in the construction phase, when dust becomes an
issue.
8.2.1.2. Noise
Noise pollution already exists near the site in the form of vehicles travelling on the
C14 road to the Walvis Bay Airport and the weighbridge. The railway line also
passes approximately 40m south of Narraville. It should be noted that the proposed
bulk fuel storage facility would be situated adjacent to the EPZ Extension 2
development precinct in Walvis Bay. It is recommended that construction and
traffic be limited to normal working hours (07h00 to 19h00) and that weekends
should rather be avoided.
8.2.1.3. Safety and Security
During construction, earthmoving equipment will be used on site. This increases the
possibility of injuries and the responsible contractor must ensure that all staff
members are briefed about the potential risks of injuries on site. The contractor is
further advised to ensure that adequate emergency facilities, including first aid kits,
are available on site. All Health and Safety standards specified in the Labour Act
should be complied with, (NAMCOR 1996).
Page 27 of 66
Should a construction camp be necessary, it should be located in such a way that it

does not pose a risk to the public. Equipment housed on site must be placed in a
way that does not encourage criminal activities. For safety and security reasons it is
recommended that the entire site be fenced-off and security personnel be employed
to safeguard the premises and avert criminal activates.
8.2.1.4. Traffic
The site is currently in an undeveloped area and it is not foreseen that day-to-day
activities during the construction phase will significantly impact on the normal
traffic. Construction materials will however have to be hauled to the site and it is
recommended that the responsible contractor liase with the relevant traffic
department to ensure that traffic flow along the affected route is accordingly
channelled or diverted.
8.2.1.5. Visual
Visual impact would pose one of the most significant impacts. Visual impacts could
be limited through keeping the site clean and orderly at all times.
Table 12: Impact Evaluation Construction Phase of bulk fuel storage facility
Identified
Impact
Dust
Noise
Safety and
Security
Traffic
Visual
Extent
Significance
WOM
WM
L
L
M
M
Duration
Intensity
Probability
I
I
ST
ST
L
M
P
D
ST
I
I
ST
ST
L
L
D
D
L
L
L
L
8.2.2. Construction phase of the pipeline

A pipeline route consisting of three pipelines will be constructed approximately 1.5m
below surface to transport product from tanker ships to the bulk fuel storage facility.
The following potential environmental effects that are applicable to the construction
phase of the pipeline have been identified:
8.2.2.1. Noise
Noise pollution already exists along the pipeline route, as the pipeline will be
constructed through a light industrial area. The noise impact should be of a limited
duration due to the limited activities relating to the excavation of the trench,
assembly of the pipeline and the covering of the trench.
8.2.2.2. Safety, security and convenience
During construction, earthmoving equipment will be used. This increases the
possibility of injuries and the responsible contractor must ensure that all staff
members are briefed about the potential risks of injuries on site.
The open trench made whilst the pipeline is being laid can be a safety hazard and a
nuisance to the public and the workforce if mitigation is not strictly employed.
The Contractor should be obliged to adhere to the following:
6Adhere to Health and Safety Regulations pertaining to personal protective
clothing, first aid kits being available on site, warning signs, etc.;
Page 28 of 66
6Devise and submit a traffic management programme with sections of the roads
to be closed or diverted during the construction of the pipeline in consultation
with the Traffic Department of the Municipality of Walvis Bay;
6Submit a public communication plan indicating how and when, during the
programme, the public will be informed of the construction project, the
construction hours, the proposed route and schedules;
6Employ security personnel to prevent the Public from entering or approaching
the construction site; and
6Sections of the trench to be closed continuously and immediately as work is
completed.
8.2.2.3. Traffic
The pipeline will mostly be constructed along Circumferential Road and will have
an impact on the traffic for the duration of construction, especially when crossing
intersections with other roads. It is recommended that the responsible contractor
liase with the relevant traffic department to ensure that traffic flow along the
affected route is accordingly channelled or diverted.
8.2.2.4. Trench dewatering
If trench dewatering becomes necessary, the contractor must ensure that the water is
disposed off in an acceptable manner and that the disposal procedures be cleared
with the Municipality of Walvis Bay. If abstracted water is found to be polluted,
then the water must be disposed off according to Municipal regulations.
8.2.2.5. Visual Impact
Visual impact would pose a noteworthy impact during construction, which should
be of a limited duration. Visual impacts could be limited through the use of visual
barriers and careful planning. It should however be noted that once the construction
of the pipeline is complete, this visual impact will discontinue as the pipeline will
be underground.
Table 13: Impact Evaluation Construction Phase of the pipeline
Identified
Impact
Noise
Safety and
Security
Traffic
Trench
dewatering
Visual
Extent
Significance
WOM WM
L
L
Duration
Intensity
Probability
ST
ST
ST
ST
ST
8.2.3. Operational phase of bulk fuel storage facility and pipeline

During the operation phase of the bulk fuel storage facility, fuel products will be
offloaded from tanker ships and transported via the underground pipeline to the
aboveground storage tanks.
8.2.3.1. Air Quality
In terms of air quality, hydrocarbon vapours will normally be released during
delivery as liquid displaces the gaseous mixture in the tanks. This would however
be minimised, due to the proposed floating roof tanks. The floating roof floats on
top of the liquid and therefore prevents vapours from escaping from underneath the
Page 29 of 66
roof. As fuel is pumped into the tanks, the floating roof is pushed up, which then
displaces the air above the floating roof.
Vapours can also be released during the filling of road and rail tankers. Special
vapour recovery systems to be installed, will recover vapours during the filling of
these tanks and will therefore minimise the potential impact on the environment. It
is recommended that regular air quality monitoring be conducted on the facility.
8.2.3.2. Fire and Explosion Hazard
Hydrocarbons are volatile under certain conditions and their vapours in specific
concentrations are flammable. If precautions are not taken to prevent their ignition,
fire and subsequent safety risks may arise.
Various international occupational health and safety performances have been
consulted during this EIA. Examples include the Threshold Limit Value (TLV)
occupational exposure guidelines and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs)
published by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
(ACGIH), the Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards published by the United States
National Institute for Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH), Permissible
Exposure Limits (PELs) published by the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration of the United States (OSHA) and the Indicative Occupational
Exposure Limit Values published by European Union member states.
It is very important to take public safety into account when locating bulk fuel
storage facilities, as the public can be at risk from potential spills, vapour emissions
and fires. Risks from these can be minimized through implementation of buffer
zones. Different types of developments may be located within specified distance
from these facilities, as well as different industries having different quantities of
workers working in them. This is not a legal requirement in Namibia and
NAMCOR would have no control on the future placement of facilities around the
proposed facility.
All fuel storage and handling facilities in Namibia must however comply with strict
safety distances as prescribed by SANS 10089. SANS 10089 is adopted by the
Ministry of Mines and Energy as the national standard. The NAMCOR facility
exceeds the SANS safety distances. Safety distances given by SANS work on the
premises that if the setting-out of the site and the safety distances to the nearest
adjacent property are adhered to, then any development can be safely built on the
neighbouring property. It is specifically appropriate to comply with these standards,
as NAMCOR would have no control on the future placement of facilities around the
proposed facility
Although Namibian legislation only requires that the SANS standards with regard
to barrier distances be implemented, the standards for bulk fuel storage of the
United Kingdom (Revised Land Use Planning Arrangements Around Large-Scale
Petroleum Depots; alias RR511) and the National Fire Protection Agency of
America (Flammable and Combustive Liquids Code; alias NFPA 30) have also
been consulted during this EIA. The US standard NFPA 30 it is very similar to the
SANS safety distances.
The RR511 and RR512 propose three zones around a bulk fuel storage facility (See
Figure A2, Appendix A). These three zones have different classification according
to the activities taking place in them. The RR511, RR512 and NFPA 30 should be
consulted regarding the various activities proposed for the three different zones.
According to recommendations in the RR511 and RR512, residential developments
must be located outside the outer zone (>400m) for optimal safety, see Figure A2,
Appendix A. This also applies to developments where a large number of people are
Page 30 of 66
expected to gather e.g. shopping malls, factories. For a detailed description of these
zones and associated developments, reference to the Health and Safety Executive
(HSE) titled: Revised land use planning arrangements around large-scale
petroleum depots, compiled by Environmental Resource Management Ltd of The
United Kingdom, is made. It should be noted that the RR511 and RR512 is very
conservative research recommendation, that is not yet endorsed, but is here utilised
to evaluate potential impacts on the nearest, existing residential suburb, which is
well outside the proposed 400m outer limit.
It must further be assured that sufficient water is available for fire fighting
purposes. In addition to this, all personnel have to be sensitised about responsible
fire protection measures and good housekeeping such as the removal of flammable
materials including rubbish, dry vegetation, and hydrocarbon-soaked soil from the
vicinity of the bulk fuel storage facility. Regular inspections should be carried out
to inspect and test fire fighting equipment and pollution control materials at the
bulk fuel storage facility.
All fire precautions and fire control at the bulk fuel storage facility must be in
accordance with SANS 10089-1:1999, or better. A holistic fire protection and
prevention plan is needed.
Experience has shown that the best chance to rapidly put out a major fire, is in the
first 5 minutes. It is important to recognise that a responsive fire prevention plan
does not solely include the availability of fire fighting equipment, but more
importantly, it involves premeditated measures and activities to timeously prevent,
curb and avoid conditions that may result in fires. An integrated fire prevention
plan should be drafted before start-up of the facilities. Special note must be taken
of the regulations stipulated in sections 47 and 48 of the Petroleum Products and
Energy Act, 1990 (Act No. 13 of 1990).
8.2.3.3. Generation of Waste
Waste in the form of contaminated soil due to spillage might occur, but should be
prevented through the use of containment areas as provided. Tank sludge and spill
cleanup materials should be managed via re-processing for product recovery or as a
waste at a facility licensed to handle this type of material in an environmentally
sound manner. Oil water / separator effluent originating from storm water runoff,
tank bottoms and washing activities should be separated before disposal of the
water. Regular monitoring of the oil water separator outflow is required. Water
containing soaps and other detergents must not enter the oil water / separator as it
will place the hydrocarbons in suspension, rendering the oil water separator
ineffective.
Care should be taken when handling contaminated material. The cradle to grave
principal should be kept in mind during waste disposal.
8.2.3.4. Groundwater Contamination
Spillages might occur during delivery to road transport tanker trucks and train
carriages and at the COC facility. All operational surfaces within the bulk fuel
storage facility must be installed with spill containment areas as per the relevant
SANS standards.
The risk can be lowered further through proper training of staff and the installation
of suitable containment structures. Overfilling of the tanks may also take place and
proper monitoring of the product levels in the tanks must take place to eliminate
overfilling.
Regular tank and pipeline tightness inspections are advised to eliminate the risk of
impact on the environment due to leakage.
Page 31 of 66
Additional guidelines to the prevention of potential leakages and/or spillages that

could lead to groundwater pollution, include:
6All fuelling should only be conducted on surfaces provided for this purpose;
6Spillage control procedures must be in place according to SANS 10089-1:1999
and SANS 100131-2 standards, or better, including impounding around the
loading areas by bunding with appropriate slopes of 1:100, construction of
bundwalls and floors that are liquid tight and that are not prone to deterioration
under the effects of any petroleum product;
6The procedures followed to prevent environmental damage during service and
maintenance, and compliance with these procedures, including the correct use
of sumps and regular reporting of spillages must be audited and corrections
made where necessary;
6The condition of the fuel reticulation system will have to be checked regularly
and repaired to prevent leakages;
6Proper training of operators must be conducted on a regular basis;
6Any spillage of more than 200litres must be reported to the relevant authorities
and remediation instituted (refer to section 49 of the Petroleum Products and
Energy Act, 1990 (Act No. 13 of 1990)); and
6Equipment and materials to deal with spill cleanup must be readily available on
site and staff must be trained in the usage of these products.
8.2.3.5. Handling of Bulk Product
The handling of bulk product during operation also deserves consideration and
regulations related to receiving bulk cargo from sea vessels should be adhered to at
all times (Refer to section 40 of the Petroleum Products and Energy Act, 1990 (Act
No. 13 of 1990)). Staff of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility should at all times
be aware of the precautions associated with the handling of petroleum products as
described in the relevant Material Safety Data Sheets.
Regulations with regard to the handling of petroleum products delivered by sea
vessels include: all regulations in the International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers
and Terminals, as well as those regulations required by the local fire authorities. No
marine off-loading procedures or off-loading equipment will be changed as part of
this project. NAMCOR plans to tie-in into the existing pipelines on-shore and the
existing Tanker Jetty and all equipment remains intact. For the purposes of this
study, it is presumed that existing Oil Mayors comply with EIA regulations, since
marine off-loading occurs almost on a weekly basis. It falls outside the scope of
this study to assess existing marine off-loading operations handled by other Parties.
8.2.3.6. Health and Safety
The operations of a bulk fuel storage facility can cause serious health and safety
risks to workers on site. Occupational exposures are normally related to the dermal
contact with fuels and inhalation of fuel vapours during handling of such products.
For this reason adequate measures must be brought in place to ensure safety of staff
on site, and includes:
6Proper training of operators;
6First aid treatment;
6Medical assistance;
6Emergency treatment;
Page 32 of 66
6Prevention of inhalation of fumes;

6Protective clothing, footwear, gloves and belts; safety goggles and shields;
6Manuals and training regarding the correct handling of materials and packages
should be in place and updated as new or updated material safety data sheets
becomes available; and
6Monitoring should be carried out on a regular basis, including accident reports.
8.2.3.7. Sand Movement and Accumulation
Sand movement and accumulation might pose a potential impact at the proposed
bulk fuel storage facility. To counteract this impact, the following
recommendations are made:
6Dune stabilization and control techniques should be implemented, which
includes sand deflective instruments; or the planting of appropriate vegetation
to stabilize the sand and to acts as windbreaks. This would also form part of the
town edge concept recommended in the Draft Structure Plan. The
recommendation in the Draft Structure Plan should be used as guideline for the
creation of the buffer screen; and
6Regularly removing of sand accumulated on rooftops, inside buildings, bunded
areas and ventilation systems;
Appropriate design can effectively assist in reducing sand accumulation on the
outside of buildings and boundary fences, particularly concrete walls and slatted
fences. In terms of the abrasiveness of sand more resistant paints and regular
inspection is recommended.
8.2.3.8. Vapour Emissions
Vapour emissions are expected to be site specific and may pose a limited threat to
personnel on site. All venting systems and procedures have to be designed
according to SANS standards. This should include Vapour Recovery Systems and
carbon filters on vents.
Walvis Bay is notorious for bad air quality due to air emissions from the fishery
industry and from the nearby sewerage ponds, thus the proposed facility will have a
minimal impact on the overall air quality.
8.2.3.9. Visual Impact
The highest tanks to be constructed on the facility will be 20m high and will cause
some change in the landscape, which is presently dominated by vacant flat land, the
Diaz circle with its palm trees, the greenery created by the reeds at the sewerage
works and the residential buildings in Narraville towards the northeast. The
proposed development is however part of a broader industrial area being planned,
and it will eventually blend in well with proposed industries.
The proposed bulk fuel storage facility will also form part of the edge of Walvis
Bay and will be the first buildings encountered as one enters from the airport, on the
C14 road. This entrance is a rather strategic one as it is the gateway for tourists and
business visitors, arriving from the airport. It should however be kept in mind that
Namibias major port is located in Walvis Bay and that industrial activities would
therefore be associated with the town.
The buffer screen proposed to address sand movement and accumulation (See
8.2.3.7) will also effectively create a visually pleasing faade for the proposed bulk
fuel storage facility and a gateway when entering Walvis Bay from the southeast.
Page 33 of 66
8.2.3.10. Potential reduced property values

During the Public Meeting the question was raised whether property values would
decrease as a result of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. The bulk fuel storage
facility will be at least 500m away from the nearest properties in Narraville and in
future there will be light industrial buildings developed between the proposed bulk
fuel storage facility and Narraville. Reduced property prices have proven to go
hand-in-hand with negative perceptions. The foul smells from the sewerage plant
and the fishing industry create unpleasant conditions and frustrations for the
Narraville community. It is understandable that more problems would be expected
from the residents of Narraville as a result of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility.
However, once the bulk fuel storage facility is operational and proves to be
nuisance free, the negative perceptions would disappear and it is expected that
property prices would therefore not be affected by the proposed bulk fuel storage
facility.
Table 14: Impact Evaluation Operational Phase
Identified
Impact
Air Quality
Fire and
Explosion Hazard
Generation of
waste
Groundwater
Contamination
Health and Safety
Vapour
Emissions
Visual Impact
Potential reduced
property values
Significance
WOM WM
M
L
Extent
Duration
Intensity
Probability
LT
HP
LT
LP
LT
LT
LT
LT
LT
LT
LP
8.2.4. Heritage Impacts

The Consultant is not aware of any archaeological remains present on the site,
however there are significant archaeological sites present to the southwest of the
sewerage ponds. In order to fulfil the requirements of the National Heritage Act, an
archaeologicalist must confirm the non-existence of archaeological sites before
construction commences.
During the geotechnical investigation it was noted that dunes on the site were
reshaped in places by human activity through earthworks. This was done prior to
NAMCOR taking possession of the site.
8.2.5. Ecological issues
The proposed bulk fuel storage facility is free of conservation worthy vegetation and
fauna, due to its urban environment. Although there is a bird flight path in the
vicinity of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility, the structures to be erected are
considered safe for birds.
9.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) provides management options to ensure impacts
of the proposed development are minimised. The EMP is to take pro-active action by addressing
potential problems before they occur. This should limit the corrective measures needed,
although additional mitigation measures might be included if necessary. The EMP acts as a
stand-alone document, which can be used during the various phases (construction and
operational) of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. All contractors and sub-contractors
Page 34 of 66
taking part in the construction of the facility should be made aware of the contents of the EMP,
so as to plan the relevant activities accordingly in an environmentally sound manner. An EMP
for the construction and operational phases of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility has been
developed and is available as a separate document.
The objectives of the EMP are:
6to include all components of the development;
6to prescribe the best practicable control methods to lesson the environmental impacts
associated with the construction of the development;
6to monitor and audit the performance of construction personnel in applying such controls;
and
6to ensure that appropriate environmental training is provided to responsible construction
personnel.
Once the facility has been constructed, it is highly recommended that NAMCOR implement an
ISO 14001(or other) Environmental Management System (EMS). An EMS is an internationally
recognized and certified management system that will ensure ongoing incorporation of
environmental constraints. At the heart of an ISO 14001 EMS is the concept of continual
improvement of environmental performance with resulting increases in operational efficiency,
financial savings and reduction in environmental, health and safety risks. An effective EMS
would need to include the following elements:
6A stated environmental policy which sets the desired level of environmental performance;
6An environmental legal register;
6An institutional structure which sets out the responsibility, authority, lines of
communication and resources needed to implement the EMS;
6Identification of environmental, safety and health training needs;
6An environmental program(s) stipulating environmental objectives and targets to be met,
and work instructions and controls to be applied in order to achieve compliance with the
environmental policy; and
6Periodic (internal and external) audits and reviews of environmental performance and the
effectiveness of the EMS.
10.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
In general, the proposed bulk fuel storage facility would pose limited environmental and social
risks. The proposed bulk fuel storage facility would contribute to the economy of Walvis Bay
and the Region by creating jobs and diversifying the economic activity.
The site is generally suitable for the proposed bulk fuel storage facility. All environmental risks
can be minimised and managed through implementing preventative measures and sound
management systems. It is recommended that environmental performance be monitored
regularly to ensure compliance and that corrective measures be taken if necessary. It is also
recommended that this information be made available to the Community at a regular basis.
Fire prevention should be adequate, as specified by the SANS 10089 standards.
Health and safety regulations should be adhered to in accordance with the Regulations
pertaining to Health and Safety.
The Environmental Management Plan should be used as an on-site reference document during
all phases (Planning, Construction and Operation) of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility, and
auditing should take place in order to determine compliance with the EMP. Parties responsible
for transgression of the EMP should be held responsible for any rehabilitation that may need to
be undertaken.
Page 35 of 66
With future expansion of the proposed bulk fuel storage facility, compliance with
environmental, health and safety issues must again be checked and improved where necessary
during an EIA.
It is advised that baseline data be gathered before any construction activities takes place. Special
attention should be given to air quality, soil quality and groundwater quality. The baseline
should include the length of the underground fuel pipeline for soil quality and groundwater
quality. This is especially important in the section where the new pipelines will be in close
proximity to the existing fuel pipelines to the current Fuel Depots operated by the Oil Industry
in Walvis Bay. Regular monitoring of the parameters analysed during the baseline study should
be conducted to evaluate the impact of the facility on the environment.
Any polluted soil or groundwater encountered during the baseline survey and during the
construction process must be reported to the relevant authorities and the contaminated soil and
or groundwater must then be disposed off in an applicable manner.
Geo Pollution Technologies
Pierre Botha
B.Sc. (Hons.) Hydrogeology
March 2008
11.
REFERENCES
Arbor, A. (2001) Environmental Management Systems: An Implementation guide for Small and
Medium-Sized Organisations. NSF International, Michigan.
Atkins Consultants Limited. (2007) Revised land use planning arrangements around large scale
petroleum depots (RR511). Health and Safety Executive, Birchwood, Warrington, United
Kingdom.
Atkins Consultants Limited. (2007) Review of significance of societal risk for proposed revision
to land use planning arrangements for large scale petroleum storage sites (RR512). Health and
Safety Executive, Manchester, United Kingdom.
LSM Consulting South Africa. (2007) Burmeister Desktop Market Demand Study
Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism. (2006) Guideline 4: Public Participation in
support of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations, 2006. Integrated Environmental
Management Guideline Series, Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria.
Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism. (2006) Guideline 5: Assessment of
Alternatives and Impacts in support of the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations,
2006. Integrated Environmental Management Guideline Series, Department of Environmental
Affairs and Tourism, Pretoria.
Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism. (2006) EIA Regulations. Integrated
Environmental Management Guideline Series, Department of Environmental Affairs and
Tourism, Pretoria.
Directorate of Environmental Affairs, Ministry of Environment & Tourism. (2002) Atlas of
Namibia Project.
EnAct International Limited in association with Ministry of Environment and Tourism &
NORAD. Consultation Paper: Strengthening Namibias Legal Framework for Pollution Control
and Waste Management.
Engineers Edge. (2007) Internal Floating tanks. Available from the following URL:
http://www.engineersedge.com/hydraulic/tank_internal_floating_roofs.htm
Page 36 of 66
Environmental Evaluation Unit (EEU). (2000) EIA for the Naval Facilities in Walvis Bay. EEU
Report No. 5/99/186. University of Cape Town.
Geiss, W. (1971) n Voorlopige plantegroeikaart van SWA. Dintera. Volume 4. Scientific
Society.
Institute of Petroleum. (2002) Guidelines for soil, groundwater and surface water protection and
vapour emission control at petrol filling stations, London.
Machenzie Gas Project. (2004) Information sheet: Pipeline Construction. Accessed on 13
September 2007. Available from URL:
http://www.mackenziegasproject.com/theProject/constructionOperation/gatheringPipeline/pipeli
neConstruction/pipelineConstruction.html
Ministry of Environment and Tourism & Ministry of Local Governance and Housing. (2005)
Environmental Management Plan for Namib Coast Biodiversity Conservation and Management
(NACOMA) Project.
Ministry of Environment and Tourism. (1994) National Environmental Assessment Policy.
Ministry of Environment and Tourism. (2002) National Environmental Management Bill.
Mohan Das, S.K. Bhargava, A. Kumar, A.Khan, R.S. Bharti, B.S. Pangtey, G.S. Rao and K.P.
Pandya. (1991) Occupational Health Centre - Industrial Toxicology Research Centre. The
Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Volume 35, no 3, pp 347-352. An investigation of
Environmental Impact of Health of workers at retail petrol pumps, University of Oxford, Oxford
University
Press.
Available
from
URL:
http://annhyg.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/35/3/347.
NAMCOR (1996) SECTION 2 - 5.0 CONTRACTOR MANAGEMENT
National Fire Prevention Agency. (1996). Flammable and Combustive Liquids Code (NFPA
30), Boston, United States of America.
National Planning Commission. (2003) 2001 Population and Housing Census, Erongo Region:
Basic Analysis with Highlights. Central Bureau of Statistics, Windhoek.
Ministry of Environment and Tourism. Northern Namibia Environment Project (NNEP).
SANS 100131:1977: The storage and Handling of Liquid fuel. Part 1: Small Consumer
Installations.
SANS 100131:1979: The storage and Handling of Liquid fuel. Part 11: Larger Consumer
Installations.
SANS 100131:1982: The storage and Handling of Liquid fuel. Part 111: Bulkflash-point fuel
storage and allied facilities at large consumer installations.
SANS 100131:1999: The petroleum industry. Part 3: The installation of underground storage
tanks, pumps/dispensers and pipework at service stations and consumer installations.
SANS 10089 1:1999; The Petroleum Industry. Part 1: Storage and distribution of petroleum
products in aboveground bulk installations.
SANS 10089 3:1999; The Petroleum Industry. Part 3: The installation of underground storage
tanks, pumps/dispensers and pipework at service station and consumer installations.
Stubenrauch Planning Consultants cc et al. (1999) A Structure Plan for Walvis Bay. Volumes
1 and 2. Prepared for Municipality of Walvis Bay. Unpublished Report.
The Southern African Institute for Environmental Assessment. (2006) Guidance document on
Biodiversity, Impact Assessment and Decision Making in Southern Africa. CBBIA IAIA.
The World Bank Group in collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme and
the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. (1999) Pollution Prevention and
Abatement Handbook Toward cleaner production, Washington DC.
Page 37 of 66
TRP Associates. (1997) Housing Demand and Affordability Study. Prepared for Municipality of
Walvis Bay. Unpublished Report.
UNDP. (1999) Namibia Human Development Report. Alcohol and Human Development in
Namibia, United Nations Development Programme Namibia, Windhoek.
Page 38 of 66
APPENDIX A
Figure A1. Regional map
Page 39 of 66
Figure A2. Location map
Page 40 of 66
Page 41 of 66
APPENDIX B
BACKGROUND I NFORMATION DOCUMENT: EI A AND EMP NAMCOR BULK FUEL STOR AGE FACILITY
PAGE 1/4
Figure 1 shows the proposed locality of the BFST and its two
alternative pipeline routes from the harbour to the proposed
site.
J ANU ARY 2008
The Walvis Bay Municipality initially agreed to three

alternative sites for the location of the proposed facility (See
Figure 2).
NAMCOR conducted a screening exercise,
including consideration to environmental aspects. Site B was
selected for its relative close proximity to the harbour and
low environmental sensitivity (i.e. no show-stoppers were
identified and environmental risks can be readily eliminated
or mitigated.
The P roject
Bulk shipments of gasoline, diesel, kerosene and heavy fuel

oil will be received via pipelines from the harbour. Typical
activities associated with the proposed BFST include
receiving and unloading of products from ships, handling
Screening
With this BID, we aim to interact with Stakeholders about the

Project so that all social and ecological issues may be
identified and addressed.
Scope of Work of the EA
The target completion date for construction of the BFST is

mid 2010, following an anticipated construction period of
approximately 24 months.
and storage of products in on-site tanks and loading

products to road tanker trucks and train carriages. Facilities
at the BFST will include several above-ground storage tanks,
bund areas, pipelines, pump stations, dispatch facilities to
road and rail, control rooms and offices.
The EA will cover all aspects relating to the construction and

operation of the BFST including activities on site, as well as
those associated with the pipeline leading to the site. The
scope of this EA would end at the connection point (flange)
on shore at the current jetty and at the terminal boundaries
on site.
An Environmental Assessment (EA) is to be conducted in

close collaboration with the Feasibility Study Team led by
Burmeister and Partners (Pty) Ltd. Burmeister and Partners
(Pty) Ltd, on behalf of NAMCOR, appointed Geo Pollution
Technologies (Pty) Ltd to conduct the EA for the proposed
Bulk Fuel Storage Terminal (BFST).
Government mandated the National Petroleum Corporation

of Namibia (NAMCOR) to import 50% of all fuel products of
Namibia. NAMCOR proposes the establishment of a fuel
storage terminal at Walvis Bay from where they will receive,
store and distribute bulk fuel shipments further downstream.
Introduc tio n
PROPO SED BULK FUE L ST ORAGE TER MINA L AT WA LVIS BAY
BACKGROUN D INFORMATION DOCUMENT (BI D)
Page 42 of 66
J ANU ARY 2008
Figure 1: L ocality o f the proposed facili ty.

PAGE 2/4
Page 43 of 66
Potential surface and groundwater pollution. Although

the groundwater quality in the vicinity of the site is expected
to be of a low standard, relevant legislation determines that
groundwater quality may not be altered.
Potential
contamination sources are sewerage and process
The EA Team has identified the following key issues related to

the proposed facility and invite Stakeholders to add other
considerations:
Issues iden tif ied
Figure 2: S ite s iden tified during s creeni ng.
J ANU ARY 2008
PAGE 3/4
wastewater and potential leaks and spills of hazardous

substances and oil.
Air emissions.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
during fuel terminal storage activities may result from
evaporative losses during storage, operational activities such
as filling, loading/unloading of transport links, leaks from
equipment connections, etc.
Recommendations to
minimize these emissions will be provided as governed by
the Petroleum Act (1993) of Namibia, as well as international
standards such as the SABS and NFPA.
Waste management issues.

Waste generated at
terminals may include tank bottom sludge, spill cleanup
materials, soils contaminated with oil and general waste.
Sound waste management practices will be recommended.
Occupational and community health and safety issues

include chemical hazards, fire and explosions, and risks
associated with confined spaces. The Project will be obliged
to implement applicable Health and Safety Regulations. The
BFST will be designed to honour industry standards for the
prevention and control of fire and explosion hazards. An
emergency preparedness response plan is a requirement for
bulk fuel storage terminals.
Visual impact.
The bulk storage tanks will be of
significant size and therefore highly visible at the entrance to
the town of Walvis Bay. The Design and EA Teams will
consider options to soften the appearance of the facility.
Page 44 of 66
Tel: +264 61 223336 (mornings only)

Fax: +264 61 307437
P.O. Box 20837, Windhoek
E-mail: jeanene@uda.com.na
Tel: +264 61 223336

Fax: +264 61 307437
P.O. 20837, Windhoek
E-mail: envirod@africaonline.com.na
The due date for submission of comments is

07 February 2008.
Ms Stephanie van Zyl:
Technical queries and responses can be directed to:
Ms Jeanne DEmiljo:
To register as Interested and Affected Parties, please send

requests/responses to:
The EA process involves interaction with people who are

interested in or who could be affected by the proposed
BFST.
Public Participation
J ANU ARY 2008
PAGE 4/4
Page 45 of 66
Page 46 of 66
APPENDIX C
Page 47 of 66
PROPOSED BULK FUEL STORAGE FACILITY AT WALVIS BAY

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA) SCOPING
MINUTES: CONSULTATION MEETING WITH AUTHORITIES
24 JANUARY 2008, 15H00, NAMIB CONFERENCE ROOM, MUNICIPALITY OF WALVISBAY,
WALVISBAY
Agenda:
1.
Introduction and welcome Mrs. Stephanie van Zyl
2.
Introduction by NamCor Ms. Patty Olivier
3.
Project Details Mr. Cronje Loftie-Eaton
4.
EA Process Mrs. Stephanie van Zyl
5.
Issues identified so far Mr. Pierre Botha
6.
Additional issues Mrs. Stephanie van Zyl
6.
Wrap up Mrs. Stephanie van Zyl
Attendance
See Attached Attendance List.
1.
Introduct ion an d Welcome
Mrs. van Zyl introduced the Project and explained the reason for the meeting, namely
to engage with the applicable authorities to hear their concerns and answer their
questions. Each participant was given the chance to introduce him/herself.
2.
Introduct ion by NamCor
Ms. Patty Olivier introduced NamCor (Pty) Ltd who they are and what they do,
including upstream and downstream activities and NamCors future. See the attached
Presentation.
3.
Project D etails
Mr. Cronj Loftie-Eaton presented the details of the project, namely:
Site Location Analysis
Safety standards and design parameters
Basic design details of the scheme
See the attached presentation.

Information Sharing Meeting: Municipality of Windhoek
Proposed Bulk Fuel Storage Facility at Walvisbay
EA Scoping Phase
Page 48 of 66
4.
EA Proces s Ms . Step hanie v an Zyl
Mrs. van Zyl defined an Environmental Assessment (EA) and its process. She explained
that this EA Process is in its Scoping Phase and that input from authorities and Interested
and Affected Parties are now required to help determine what needs to be
investigated. See the attached presentation showing the EA process applicable to the
Project.
5.
Issues id entifi ed so far
Mr. Pierre Botha ran the meeting through the key issues related to the construction and
operational phases of the Bulk Fuel Storage Facility that have been identified so far, as
follows.
Construction Phase
Pipeline from Harbor to Depot
Traffic issues
Trench dewatering
Aesthetic issues from open trench and excavated sand
Noise Issues
Safety Issues
Depot Construction
Traffic Issues
Aesthetic issues from construction site
Noise Issues
Safety Issues
Operational Phase
Traffic Issues
Aesthetic Issues
Noise Issues
Safety Issues
Nuisance Pollution
Groundwater Pollution
Vapour Emissions
Aeolian Sand Movement

Participant
Respondent
contingency/disaster
EA Scoping Phase
24 January 2008
NamPorts EMP must please be consulted.
Will there be a
management plan?
Using road tankers vs. rail were the safety

factors between road vs. rail traffic taken
into
consideration
particularly
with
reference to truck accidents.
Alfred Hainuca What about Health and Safety issues Hendrik Boshoff
which standards will be implemented?
Will operational Standards ISO 9000 and Hendrik Boshoff

14000 be followed for this project?
The shunting to take place across 13th road

will be in conflict with existing traffic flow.
The IMO standards applicable to products C Loftie Eaton

on vessels will also be applicable to this
Project.
Issues/comments/questions
Issues/questions posed duri ng the meeting
Tony Raw
NamPort
6.
Noted
Yes, it is part of the work of the Feasibility Study to compile

a contingency plan, also with respect to the neighbouring
properties. The Plan will be an integrated one including all
aspects of disaster management.
The Team has introduced a vapour recovery system which
will greatly assist to prevent pollution and health and safety
incidents.
Noted. The traffic flow is being redistributed- there will be

no additional traffic on the roads. The design is 100%
flexible towards road vs. rail transport i.e. 100% of the
products can be either dispatched via road or rail. The
plan is however to dispatch 70% of product via rail. All
product is collected on site and taken back to Walvis Bay
station.
SANS 10089 cover Health and Safety aspects in great detail
and these will be followed.
Namcor will have to decide whether ISO9000 and ISO14000

will be implemented.
Noted.
Noted.
Response
Page 49 of 66
Noted
Fauna and Flora is not expected to be an issue; but the
potential impact will be documented.
Noted. Public and worker safety is very strictly considered
and the site will exceed all norms in this regard.
Narraville residents can be empowered and trained for fire
safety.
Noted
It was confirmed that it is unlikely that an external reviewer
will be required and the EIA documents will be reviewed by
the Walvis Bay Municipality.
All noted.
There is an artificial wetland at the S van Zyl

sewerage plant consider the effects on
this wetland and on fauna and flora.
Consider also safety for workers on site and Hendrik Boshoff

for Narraville residents.
Consider the economic impact of potential

reduced property values in Narraville.
24 January 2008
Areas at rail loading will be bunded. An oil water separator

has been allowed for to ensure no product spillages can
end up in the effluent water.
Noted
The site is zoned undetermined and NamCor is applying for

its re-zoning to Industrial with consent for noxious industries.
They are following the normal procedures (there is no
heavy industrial zone in the Walvis Bay Town Planning
Scheme).
NamCor is committed to implement Best Practice Health

and Safety practices.
Response
Consider seawater pollution issues in the

EIA.
EA Scoping Phase
Patty Olivier
Respondent
Is the project a light or heavy industrial land Ms Asino

use?
Alfred Hainuca The following issues were put forward for

and general
consideration:
discussion
Impact of service lines in front of residential
areas.
Shunting in town during office hours
impact on traffic.
Impacts associated with operational
David Ushona
Walvis Bay
Municipality
Participant
Page 50 of 66
All tanks will be fitted with automatic activated foam

systems
foam is poured automatically onto tanks, valves,
pumps, etc. in case of a fire.
The foam can also be activated manually as a
precautionary measure in the bund during a serious
spillage.
A manually activated firewater deluge system to
protect the integrity of tanks during a fire is also
provided.
There will be 2 firewater tanks on site one in
operation and one for a back-up.
The municipal fire fighting department will be called
during an emergency, but the on-site system is of
such standard that the fire should be extinguished
before the fire brigade arrives (can be on site in
30min).
A contingency plan for fire will be recommended.
The design far exceeds relevant standards.
Everybody on site will be trained to handle fire
emergencies.
EA Scoping Phase
24 January 2008
Hendrik Boshoff
What are the fire fighting arrangements?
Response
Automatic monitoring on both ends of pipeline will
compare flow rates and detect any catastrophic failures of
the pipe line. Minor leaks can be detected by regular
testing of standpipes along pipe route.
SANS code requires pressure testing to detect loss and
leaks.
Respondent
activities at the Jetty.

Mitigation at existing facilities?
Potential spilling during rail loading.
Participant
Page 51 of 66
Wrap up
EA Scoping Phase
24 January 2008
Mrs. Van Zyl adjourned the meeting by inviting further comments and providing relevant contact details.
7.
Page 52 of 66
Burmeister & Partners
Enviro Dynamics
Geo Pollution
H.C. Loftie-Eaton
S. van Zyl
P. Botha
NAMCOR
NAMCOR
NAMCOR
Namport
Municipality of
L. Kapingana
M. Kavendjii
P. Olivier
T. Raw
O. Makuti
Engen
Municipality of
G. Krauer
W.J. van Zyl
Information Sharing Meeting: Narraville, Walvisbay

Proposed Bulk Fuel Storage Facility
EA Scoping Phase
Walvisbay
Island View Storage
D. Benyi
Walvisbay
NAMCOR
P. Beukes
Technologies
AFFILIATION
ORGANISATION/
H. Boshoff
NAME
Chief Fire
Terminal Manager
Commercial Manager
Environmental Officer
Port Engineer
Manager
Petroleum Down Stream
HSSE
Trader
Legal Advisor
EIA Manager
Manager
Industrial Engineer
Project Manager
POSITION
FAX
(064) 214-310
(064) 203-3696
(031) 466-2771
(064) 214-310
(064) 208-2333
(061) 204-5092
(061) 204-5061
(061) 204-5092
(061) 204-5092
(061) 257-411
(061) 307-437
(061) 379-001
(061) 379-001
24 January 2008
081-122-0833
081-128-2589
083-228-5306
(064) 214-306
081-128-3275
(061) 204-5006
(061) 204-5021
(061) 204-5038
(061) 204-5052
(061) 257-411
081-128-7002
081-124-3652
(061) 379-000
TELEPHONE
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 31,
Durban
P.O. Box 149,
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 361,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 11073,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 20837,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 1496,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 1496,
POSTAL ADDRESS
wvanzyl@walvisbaycc.org.na
Gunter.krauer@enginoil.com
dawn@ivstorage.co.za
omakuti@walvisbaycc.org.na
tony@namport.com.na
patty@namcor.com.na
mkavandjii@namcor.com.na
lkapingana@namcor.com.na
Toni.beukes@namcor.com.na
Pierre@imlt.com.na
envirod@africaonline.com.na
cronje@burmeister.com.na
hboshoff@burmeister.com.na
E-MAIL ADDRESS
Page 53 of 66
Erongo RED
Erongo RED
Municipality of
P. Johannes
R. Ouseb
K. Asino
Namport
T. Eiman

EA Scoping Phase
Namport
Namport
Walvisbay
TOTAL
Coordinator EMS/QMS
SHE Officer
Property Administrator
General Manager
Customer Services
Municipality of
Manager: P.R &
Walvisbay
Manager: SWEM
Town Planner
Support
Engineer: Network
Network Designer
Project Manager
Process Engineer
POSITION
Municipality of
Walvisbay
Municipality of
A. Hainuca
U.I. Khachab
A.T. Victor
K. Adams
D. Uushona
Erongo RED
D. van Wyk
Walvisbay
Apex Process
AFFILIATION
ORGANISATION/
H. van der Merwe
NAME
FAX
(064) 208-2373
(064) 208-2232
(064) 208-2373
(064) 209-714
(064) 214-310
(064) 214-310
(064) 206-135
(064) 204-574
(064) 204-574
(064) 204-574
(016) 971-4471
24 January 2008
24
081-129-0251
081-289-6736
(064) 208-2232
(064) 208-2359
(064) 201-3270
(064) 201-3317
(064) 214-304
(064) 201-3339
081-122-4666
081-205-6508
(064) 217-621
(016) 971-4461
TELEPHONE
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 361,
Vineta
P.O. Box 4011,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 361,
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 2925,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 2925,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 2925,
Sasolberg, 1948
11,
Tygerberg Street
POSTAL ADDRESS
tim@namport.com.na
Alfred@namport.com.na
Ulrich@namport.com.na
avictor@walvisbaycc.org.na
kadams@walvisbaycc.org.na
duushona@walvisbaycc.org.na
kasino@walvisbaycc.org.na
rouseb@erongored.com.na
pjohannes@erongored.com.na
dvanwyk@erongored.com.na
henk@apexprocess.co.za
E-MAIL ADDRESS
Page 54 of 66
Page 55 of 66
APPENDIX D
Page 56 of 66
PROPOSED BULK FUEL STORAGE FACILITY AT WALVIS BAY

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (EA) SCOPING
MINUTES: PUBLIC CONSULTATION MEETING
24 JANUARY 2008, 18H00, NARRAVILLE CONFERENCE ROOM, NARRAVILLE MUNICIPAL
OFFICE, WALVISBAY
Agenda:
1.
Introduction and welcome
2.
Introduction by NamCor
3.
Project Details
4.
EA Process
5.
Issues identified so far
6.
Additional issues
6.
Wrap up
Mrs. Stephanie van Zyl
Ms. Patty Olivier
Mr. Cronje Loftie-Eaton

Mr. Pierre Botha
Attendance
See Attached Attendance List.
1.
Introduct ion an d Welcome
Mrs. van Zyl introduced the Project and explained the reason for the meeting, namely
to engage the Community to hear their concerns and answer their questions.
NAMCOR, the EA and Project Teams wish to build a healthy relationship with the
Community. Mrs. Van Zyl introduced the EA and Project Teams who attended the
meeting.
2.
Introduct ion by NamCor
Ms. Patty Olivier introduced NamCor (Pty) Ltd
who they are and what they do,
including upstream and downstream activities and NamCor s future. See the attached
Presentation.

Page 57 of 66
2
3.
Project D etails
Mr. Cronj Loftie-Eaton presented the details of the project, namely:
Site Location Analysis conducted beforehand
Safety standards and design parameters
Basic design details of the scheme
See the attached presentation.
4.
EA Proces s Ms . Step hanie v an Zyl
Mrs. van Zyl defined an Environmental Assessment (EA) and its process. She explained
that this EA Process is in its Scoping Phase and that input from Interested and Affected
Parties are now required to help determine what need to be investigated.
See
attached presentation showing the EA process applicable to the Project.
5.
Issues id entifi ed so far
Mr. Pierre Botha ran the meeting through the key issues related to the construction and
operational phases of the Bulk Fuel Storage Facility that have been identified so far, as
follows.
Construction Phase
Pipeline from Harbor to Depot
Traffic issues
Trench dewatering
Aesthetic issues from open trench and excavated sand
Noise Issues
Safety Issues
Depot Construction
Traffic Issues
Aesthetic issues from construction site
Noise Issues
Safety Issues
Operational Phase
Traffic Issues
Aesthetic Issues

Page 58 of 66
3
Noise Issues
Safety Issues
Nuisance Pollution
Groundwater Pollution
Vapour Emissions
Aeolian Sand Movement

Will the existing tanker jetty at the harbour be

used? What structures are proposed at the
jetty?
There are already a number of problems in
Narraville e.g. the smells from the sewerage
sludge and the fishing industry, noise from the
railroad, and windblown sand.

EA Scoping Phase
Mr. S Bauman
Home owner
Mr. M Stuart
Shell Namibia
The distance from Narraville will be at least 500m.

SANS 10089 prescribed minimum distances between
buildings on the premises.
Response
24 January 2008
Henk van der Merwe It depends on the size of the tanks. The minimum
distance between the tank and the roads edge is
prescribed as half the diameter of the tank, e.g. if
the tanks diameter is 50m, then the tank should be
at least 25m from the edge of the road.
According to SANS 10089 it should be safe to build
up to the boundary.
NFPA 30 and SANS 10089-1 safety regulations provide
restrictions of minimum distances to permissible land
uses at immediate boundaries, but there is no
distinction between residential and other areas.
However recommendations of 500 m to the nearest
residential areas from Walvis Bay municipality far
exceeds even the Buncefield recommendations.
There are many examples elsewhere in the world
(first world countries with strict regulations) where
bulk fuel storage facilities are much closer to
residential areas.
Hendrik Boshoff
Namport is presently busy with studies to investigate
the structures at the tanker Jetty and this Team is
waiting for an answer from them in this regard.
Hendrik Boshoff
The only vapours from such a project result from the
Cronje Loftie Eaton
offloading of fuel at the trucks. A vapour recovery
system is being proposed which would condensate
any vapours. At a distance of 500m there will be no
Confirm the distance of the facility from Hendrik Boshoff

Narraville.
What is the minimum distance such a facility
can be placed from a residential area
according to applicable standards?
Mr. B Coetzee
Community
member
Respondent
Issues/questions posed duri ng the meeting
Participant
6.
Page 59 of 66
S van Zyl
Respondent
24 January 2008
What happens if the project is implemented C Loftie-Eaton

and there are negative impacts on the
community?
The community would like
proof/something in writing that the mitigation
measures promised will be implemented.
Will the community be compensated for ill
health/damages incurred?
S Van Zyl
Now it is being proposed to add another set of

nuisances such as vapours from fuel and noise
from shunting activities.
How was this
approved by the Municipality without
consulting the community?

EA Scoping Phase
Mr. I Marchal
Youth Project
Participant
The documents with proposed mitigation will be

available in writing. The Environmental Management
Plan will be available for scrutiny and it is the
Communitys responsibility to check that those
recommendations are implemented.
One of the recommendations will be that baseline
and continuous monitoring of air, water and soil
vapours detected. There will be no bottom sludge

we propose a pigging system to separate different
products and not use water between different
products in the line.
The only water on site will be rainwater, which is
channelled to an oil separator, which will separate
any hydrocarbons, and automatically tests the water
quality before it is released to the stormwater system.
There will be a maximum of three shunts per day
during office hours, namely early in the morning (e.g.
07h00), midday and afternoon (e.g. not later than
19h00). Each shunt lasts about 20min.
All shunting on site will be done with a pulley systemno shunting is done with a locomotive.
The Municipality of Walvis Bay approved the project
in principle subject to certain conditions, including
the requirement for an Environmental Assessment
which also involves consultation with Interested and
Affected Parties. This is why this meeting has been
arranged, namely to meet with the community and
hear their concerns.
This facility is essentially the same as a large fuel
station. The frequency of activities and associated
vapours and noise at a filling station is much higher.
We are doing a proper design to avoid all
anticipated impacts.
Response
Page 60 of 66
What will happen if there is an explosion at the Henk van der Merwe
site or at any exposed pipelines taking into
consideration the prevailing wind direction
and the accessibility of the pipeline to the
public.
Burning cigarette stumps can for
instance easily be discarded on a leaking fuel
pipeline.
Mr. D Paulse
Community
member
24 January 2008
We are not against the investment.

We Cronje Loftie-Eaton
however question the proposed site locality.
Why not place it out of town away from
existing communities?
In 20 years the original project team will no
longer be there to check the effects on the
community.
What were the criteria used to select the site?
It seems as if financial considerations
dominated the selection of the site. Sites A
and C seem much more favourable because
they are away from any existing residential
areas than B which introduces additional
traffic and noise and health and safety risks.
Mr. T Muatunga
Businessman
Mr. B Coetzee

EA Scoping Phase
How does the existing BP fuel storage facility Cronje Loftie-Eaton

compare to this one in terms of technology
used?
The prevailing winds would carry the vapours
from the proposed facility straight towards
Narraville.
Mr. W Human
Businessman
Respondent
Participant
Those figures should be
The following example was given to explain what

happens in event of a fire. Last year 7 trucks burned
at a site similar to this one. The road tankers burned
to the ground but there were no explosions. This
facility does not pose an explosion risk because the
fuel to be stored there is not stored above its boiling
point and therefore does nor form a vapour cloud
when released. Vapours normally explode.
There will be an electronic metering system installed
for the pipeline, which will automatically detect any
A robust and objective method to select the site was

used and financial consideration was only one of
many determinants.
The distance from the Narraville community was not
considered a constraint because if one considers
worldwide recognised standards then it is clear that
the distance from the community is far There will be
no additional traffic created in the town of Walvis
Bay the traffic is merely redirected.
The new facility will be constructed according to the

latest standards that were not available at the time
when the BP facility was erected. Some of the
differences include floating roofs to avoid gases from
escaping and further distances between tanks.
quality is undertaken.
available to the public.
Response
Page 61 of 66

EA Scoping Phase
24 January 2008
Hendrik Boshoff
What will happen if the EIA finds significant S van Zyl

negative impacts will the decision of the
Walvis Bay Municipality then be reverted?
Will the minutes of the meeting be distributed?
I lungameni
Respondent
Participant
losses and leakages. It is required that any leakages

be immediately cleaned up and fixed according to
set procedures.
The EIA will be submitted to the Walvis Bay
Municipality if the recommendations are negative
toward the project then they should consider
whether it should be finally approved.
The EIA document and these minutes will be
available for public perusal.
The project will likely require international funding
the IFC will not provide funding if there are significant
impacts which cannot be mitigated.
Part of the design process is to find a suitable site. If
the EIA process finds the existing site to be
unsuitable, then another site should be selected.
Response
Page 62 of 66
Page 63 of 66
8
7.
Wrap up
Mrs. Van Zyl invited participants to write key issues important to them on cards. The
cards were collected and read out to the audience. The figure below shows the cards
collected and grouped according to themes.
Mrs. Van Zyl adjourned the meeting by inviting further comments and providing
relevant contact details. The issues from this meeting will be addressed in the EIA.
Geo Pollution
H.C. Loftie-Eaton
P. Botha
NAMCOR
NAMCOR
NAMCOR
NAMCOR
Island View Storage
P. Olivier
T. Beukes
L. Kapingana
M. Kavendjii
D. Benyi
Walvisbay
Municipality of
Walvisbay
Municipality of
POSITION
Town Planner
Cashier
General Manager
Commercial Manager
HSSE Officer
Trader
Legal Advisor
Manager
Petroleum Downstream
Manager
Process Engineer
EIA Manager
Industrial Engineer
Project Manager

EA Scoping Phase
K. Asino
Y. Miller
Enterprises cc.
Satamab Trading
Enviro Dynamics
S. van Zyl
D.R. Gamab
Apex Process
H. van der Merwe
Technologies
AFFILIATION
ORGANISATION/
H. Boshoff
NAME
(064) 206-135
(064) 205-018
(064) 201-3315
(031) 466-2771
(061) 204-5061
(061) 204-5092
(061) 204-5092
(061) 2040-5092
(061) 307-437
(016) 971-4471
(061) 257-411
(061) 379-001
(061) 379-001
FAX
24 January 2008
(064) 201-3339
081-127-9229
081-303-5050
083-228-5306
(061) 204-5021
(061) 386-003
(061) 204-5052
(061) 204-5000
081-128-7002
(016) 971-4461
(061) 257-411
081-124-3652
(061) 379-000
TELEPHONE
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 1122,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 2042,
Durban
P.O. Box 149,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
Private Bag 13196,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 20837,
Sasolberg, 1948
Tygerberg Street 11,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 11073,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 1496,
Windhoek
P.O. Box 1496,
POSTAL ADDRESS
kasino@walvisbaycc.org.na
ymiller@walvisbaycc.org.na
satamab@yahoo.com
dawn@ivstorage.co.za
mkavendjii@namcor.com.na
lkapingana@namcor.com.na
Toni.beukes@namcor.com.na
patty@namcor.com.na
envirod@africaonline.com.na
henk@apexprocess.co.za
Pierre@imlt.com.na
cronje@burmeister.com.na
hboshoff@burmeister.com.na
E-MAIL ADDRESS
Page 64 of 66
Draconian VD Boors
Draconian
NAMFI
N/A
Community Member
TransNamib Holdings
W.J. Human
L.T. Deyzel
Q. Nendongo
J. Maggott
D. Paulse
R.C. Els
Elgin Brown &
Hammer
Engineering Estimator
Managing Director
Owner

EA Scoping Phase
B. Coetzee
Blues ea Trading
D. Christiaan
Enterprises
C.L.C. Construction
T.N. Muatunga
Director
Foreman
Narraville
LAS-NAS
Engen Workshop
Area Manager (West)
Sales Rep
Pensioner
N/A
Director
Director
Pensioner
Marine Manager
N/A
POSITION
Home Owner
S.J. Victor
S. Baumann
N/A
A.C. Simpson
Ltd
Shell Wam
Walvisbay
Municipality of
AFFILIATION
ORGANISATION/
M.W. Stuart
I. Lungameni
NAME
(064) 218-630
N/A
(064) 207-888
N/A
(064) 206-672
(064) 298-1221
(064) 206-542
N/A
(064) 203-112
(064) 203-875
(064) 204-105
N/A
(064) 221-261
(064) 206-135
FAX
24 January 2008
081-129-9602
081-349-9778
081-127-0085
081-129-4008
081-249-2051
081-122-6064
081-124-0214
(064) 204-548
081-222-7111
081-124-4054
(064) 203-875
081-302-3192
(064) 204-105
(064) 202-014
081-127-6819
(064) 201-3348
TELEPHONE
10
N/A
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 1176,
N/A
P.O. Box 7227,
Walvisbay
Narraville
P.O. Box 8212,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 2975,
Narraville
P.O. Box 8091,
Narraville
P.O. Box 8047,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 867,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 2169,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 615,
Narraville
P.O. Box 8207,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 4093,
Walvisbay
Private Bag 5017,
POSTAL ADDRESS
Bertie.c@ebhnamibia.com
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Riaan.Els@transnamib.com.na
Wutow_wvb@cyberhost.com.na
N/A
quinta@namfi.net
i.s@mweb.com.na
whuman@iway.na
N/A
N/A
ilungameni@walvisbaycc.org.na
E-MAIL ADDRESS
Page 65 of 66
Enviro Dynamics
Student
Owner

EA Scoping Phase
E. Kuliwoye
Signs (Youth Project)
Eagle Upholstery &
I.C. Marshall
Reporter
TOTAL
Estimator
Namib Times
Engineering Junior
Hammer
POSITION
Elgin Brown &
AFFILIATION
ORGANISATION/
O.C. Finer
J.V. Haimbodi
NAME
31
(061) 307-437
(064) 206-497
(064) 204-813
(064) 218-630
FAX
24 January 2008
081-231-3842
081-240-0420
081-299-1211
081-220-7646
TELEPHONE
11
Windhoek
P.O. Box 20837,
Walvisbay
P.O. Box 4055,
N/A
N/A
POSTAL ADDRESS
Su_uka@hotmail.com
icmarshall@iway.na
otis@namibtimes.net
Joseph.h@ebhnamibia.com
E-MAIL ADDRESS
Page 66 of 66

Proposed Bulk Storage Facilities

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Proposed Bulk Storage Facilities

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PROPOSED BULK FUEL STORAGE

Tel.: +264-61 257411

Tel.: +264-61 223336

The Clearance Certificate must be issued to:

BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION......................................................... 5

PROJECT SCOPE & OBJECTIVES................................................................. 6

The Namibian Constitution .................................................................................................... 7

PROJECT DETAILS ........................................................................................ 11

THE BASELINE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT.......................................... 15

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS QUO .................................................................................. 15

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT ................................................................. 21

Overall socio-economic benefits and issues.......................................................................... 25

9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN................................................ 33

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

Automotive gas oil (Diesel)

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

Ministry of Environmental and Tourism (Namibia)

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

1.1. Assumptions and Limitations

PROJECT SCOPE & OBJECTIVES

2.1. Terms of Reference

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

Administrative, Legal and Policy Requirements

4.1. The Namibian Constitution

4.2. Environmental Assessment Policy of Namibia

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

4.2.1.3. The Polluter Pays Principle

Figure 1: Environmental Assessment Procedure of Namibia (Environmental

4.3. Environmental Management Act of Namibia (2007)

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

4.5. Pollution Control and Waste Management Bill (guideline only)

4.6. Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Ordinance of Namibia (No. 11 of 1976)

4.7. Hazardous Substances Ordinance (No. 14 of 1974)

4.9. Municipality of Walvis Bay (by-laws, guidelines and regulations)

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

Managing Walvis Bays Ramsar Wetland Site

Minimising the Consumption of Water

Reducing Marine Pollution in Walvis Bay itself

Improving Walvis Bays Air Quality

Understanding and Solving Ground Pollution Issues

Conserving Threatened Species and their Habitats

Managing Off-Road Driving and other Recreational Activities

Improving Sanitation Facilities for shackdwellers

Eradicating Litter Hotspots in Walvis Bay and on the Seashore

Educating Residents, particularly Learners, about Walvis Bays Environment

Relevant International Standards, Treaties and Conventions

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT

Geo Pollution Technologies (Pty) Ltd.

Social and Environmental Assessment and Management

Pollution Prevention and Abatement

Community Health, Safety and Security.

BFSF NAMCOR WALVIS BAY EIA - MARCH 2008 - DRAFT