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g (x)
Let f (x) be the derivative of f (x) and f ' ( x) represent the nth order derivative of
n
f (x)
= f ( x) g i ( x)
f ( x)dg
ii
( x)
= f ( x ) g i ( x ) f ( x ) g ii ( x )
f ( x) g
= f ( x ) g i ( x ) f ( x ) g ii ( x ) +
f ( x)dg
ii
( x ) dx
iii
( x)
= f ( x ) g i ( x ) f ( x ) g ii ( x ) + f ( x ) g iii ( x )
f ( x) g
iii
( x )dx
Inductionproof
Ifn=1
f ( x) g ( x)dx = f ( x) g ( x) g ( x) f ( x)dx
i
Thusthestatementistrueforn=1.
Assumethestatementistrueforn=k,
i.e.
(1)
1
k 1
f ( x) g ( x )dx =
(1)
1
k 1
(1)
k 1
k +1
(1)
( k +1) 1
k +1
(1)
( k +1) 1
Withn=k+1
Applicationexample
1)
x e dx
3
let f ( x) = x
3
f n ' ( x)
g ni (x)
n=0
x 3 +
ex
n=1
3x 2
ex
n=2
6 x +
ex
n=3
ex
n=4
and g ( x) = e
0 +
ex
= x e 3 x e + 6 xe 6e + 0e dx
3 x
2)
sin xdx
f (x)
g (x)
n=0
sin x +
ex
n=1
cos x
n=2
sin x +
ex
ex
sin xdx =
1 x
e (sin x cos x) + c
2
f (x) n g (x) n J ( x ) dx =
n
(1)
n 1
f ( x) g ( x)dx = (1)
1
f ( x) g ( x)dx
n 1