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Physics Project
Physics Project
Apparatus:
A convex lens, an optical needle, a plane mirror, a clamp stand, a
spherometer, a plumb line, metre scale, water and turpentine oil.
Theory:
Lets add small amount of water on a flat, plane surface and place a
convex lens over it. This forms a plano-concave lens of water between
the lower surface of convex lens and plane mirror.
Let f1 and f2 are the focal lengths of water lens and convex lens
respectively, then focal length of the combination is:
)(
)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Procedure:
I.
(ii)
(iii) Try to remove the parallax between the tip of the object
needle and its image tip.
(iv) Note the distance of the tip of the needle from the
centre of the upper surface of the lens. Let it be x1. (Use
plumb line).
(v)
(vi)
II.
Observations
Pitch of the spherometer= 1 cm
Least count of the spherometer = 0.01 cm
Distance between the legs:
(1) AB
(2) BC
(3) CA
= 3 cm
= 3 cm
= 3 cm
1
2
Initial
No.
of
reading of complete
the C.S. on rotations
the convex
lens
(n)
(a)
62
0
64
0
Final
Additional h=n x Mean
reading
C.S
div. pitch h
of the c.s moved
+mx
on
the
L.C
glass slab
6.5
4
55.5
60
0.555 0.5775
0.6
CALCULATIONS
Mean distance between two legs
=3 cm
Mean h = 0.7557 cm
To find the radius of curvature of the convex lens:
Mean
x=
30.75
36.95
31.6
37.8
9.5
10.5
Focal
length
f1=
33.85
f2=34.7
f3=10
2) With turpentine oil between the convex lens and the plane
mirror
Result
The refractive index of water is 1 = 1.06552
The refractive index of turpentine oil is 2 = 1.22736
Precautions
(i)
(ii)
Sources of error:
(i)
(ii)