PASSIVE

PATTERNING

ACTIVE
Tenses
Present simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Past simple
Past con
Past perfect
Future simple
Future con
Future perfect
Be going to

S
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary

PASSIVE

V
helps
Is helping
Has helped
Helped
Was helping
Had helped
Will
Will be
Will have helped
Is going to help

O
John
John
John
John
John
John
John
John
John
John

S
John
John
John
John
John
John
John
John
John
John

Be
+ V3
Is
helped
Is being
helped
Has been
helped
Was
helped
Was being
helped
Had been
helped
Will be
helped
Will be being helped
Will have been helped
Is going to be helped

O
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary
By Mary

1 Word Order
subject
State university
My wedding ring
If your brother

be
is
is
were

participle
located
made
invited

At the corner of college

of yellow and white gold
He would come here

2. Passive agent
Subject
The report
All decision on cases like this
All of us

be
was
are
are

Participle
written
made
sponsored

by
by
by
By

agent
Agus
Dean White
Our parents

To be
to be
to be
to be

participle
completed
named
announced

future
by 2015
At next morning
tomorrow

3. passive infinitive
S
The project
The finalist
The result of exam

(Be) present
is
are
are

S
(Be) past
To be
The project
was
to be
We
were
to be
The play
was
to be
4. Necessity for repair or improvement Need
subject
need
This paragraph
need
His car
need
His house
need
subject
need
To be
This paragraph
need
to be

participle
completed
notified
canceled

past
by 2000
If there was a problem
But it was only canceled
Ing form
revising
fixing
painting
participle
revised

His house
need
to be
painted
His car
need
to be
fixed
5. Believe and knowledge anticipatory.
It is believed
it is hypothesized
it is known
it is said
it is thought it is true it is written
Anticipatory it
that
S
Verb any tenses
O
It is generally known
that
She
is leaving
at the end of this year
It is thought
that
our ancestor
built
This city
It is believed
that
a cat
brings
good luck