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, 2000, 9-22

Dr. ore Jankovi THE MEDIAEVAL CULTURE OF SERBS ON THE BORDER TOWARDS
WESTERN EUROPE

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Dr. ore Jankovi

THE MEDIAEVAL CULTURE OF SERBS ON THE BORDER TOWARDS WESTERN
EUROPE
Summary
Although Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenet wrote that the Serbs by agreement settled RomanByzantine Dalmatia at the time of Emperor Heraclius (610-641), archaeological data from the environs of
Grahovo and Drvar speak of this as occurring at the end of the IV century. In the Early Middle Ages, the
Serbs can be recognized archaeologically by their stone mounds. These are remnants of graves and
monuments in the form of tumuli in which as a rule there are no remains of either burned or buried people
but rather traces of a burial feast and ritual places or only hearths. From Podrinje to Lika these are
frequently to be found. Near Knin (Uzdolje) shards of pottery have been found in mounds which precede
the Frankish attempt to conquer the whole province of Dalmatia at the outset of the IX century.
In the X-XIII centuries, the region from Lika to Pomoravlje is distinctive by dint of the use of
predominantly silver earrings with one to three filigree elbows. Those earrings which are more opulent
have a lower link covered with metal grains and instead of elbows they have three strawberries. In the
second half of the XI century when Serbia was ruled by King Mihajlo and Konstantin Bodin, the liturgy
in the Slavic tongue was introduced in addition to the Latin liturgy. This can be seen on a CyrillicGlagolithic inscription in Kapitul. This was also the period of the construction of churches by the ZetaZahumska community in the environs of Knin. These were small one-nave churches divided by pilasters
into three or four traves with an outer semi-circular apse.
In the Late Middle Ages, there are numerous archaeological finds regarding the Serbs in the same area.
The graves of the Orthodox Serbs, but also of those of the Roman Catholic faith, are marked by massive
stone monuments, at times with ornamentation or with Cyrillic inscriptions, all the way to Lika and
Banija (marbles and stelae). In the graves there continue to be found examples of pottery shards and
remains of food.
As regards the costumes of women, the "pocelica" (a kind of diadem) made of small decorated silver
tablets sown on to a band is a distinctive feature.
Also of special interest are the earrings with three large strawberries made in various filigree
workmanship. A series of monasteries from Dragovic, Krka and Krupa in Dalmatia, up to Orahovica in
Slavonia, are by tradition attributed to the Late Middle Ages, but this has been archaeologically
ascertained only for Rmanj on the Una River and for some surrounding hermitages.