220V,6MVA

AC
SOURCE

220/110

STATIC
LOAD

T/F

VARIABLE LOAD

V,I

WIND
ENERGY
SYSTEM

ENERGY FROM BIOMASS AND BIOGAS

THE POTENTIAL FOR APPLICATION OF BIOMASS AS AN

ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF ENERGY IN INDIA IS VERY
GREAT.WE HAVE PLENTY OF AGRICULTURE AND FOREST
RESOURCES FOR PRODUCTION OF BOIMASS.
BIOMASS IS PRODUCED IN NATURE THROUGH
PHOTOSYNTHESIS ACHIEVED BY SOLAR ENEGY
CONVERSION.
BIOMASS MEANS ORGANIC MATTER.
IN SIMPLEST FORM THE REACTION IS THE PROCESS OF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN THE PRESENCE OF SOLAR
RADIATION,CAN BE REPRESENTED AS FOLLOWS
H2O +CO2
CH2O +O2

IN THE REACTION WATER AND CARBON DIOXIDE ARE

CONVERTED INTO ORGANIC MATERIAL Ie CH2O WHICH IS
BASIC MOLECULE OF FORMING CARBOHYDRATE STABLE AT
LOW TEMPERATURE.
CH2O +O2
CO2 + H2O +112 KCAL/MOLE

BIOMASS RESOURCE FALL IN THREE CATEGORY:

BIOMASS IN TRADITIONAL SOLID MASS (WOOD)
IN NON TRADITIONAL FORM (CONVERTED INTO LIQUID FUELS)
THE THIRD CATEGORY IS TO FERMENT THEBIOMASS DIRECTLY
ANAEROBICALLY TO OBTAIN A GASEOUS FUEL CALEED BIOGAS.

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

THIS IS THE ENERGY WHICH LIES EMBEDDED WITHIN THE EARTH.

ACCORDING TO VARIOUS THEORIES THE EARTH HAS A MOLTEN
CORE.THE FACT THAT VOLCANIC ACTION TAKES PLACE IN MANY
PLACES ON THE SURFACE OF EARTH, SUPPORT THESE THEORIES.
THE STEAM AND HOT WATER COMES NATURALLY TO THE SURFACE
OF EARTH IN SOME LOCATIONS OF EARTH.
FOR LARGE SCALE USE BORE HOLES ARE NORMALLY SUNK WITH
DEPTH UPTO 1000M, RELEASING STEAM AND WATER AT
TEMPERATURE UPTO 200 OR 300 C AND PRESSURE UPTO 30
KGF/CM2.
TWO WAYS OF ELECTRIC POWER PRODUCTION FROM
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IS BEEN SUGESTED:
HEAT IS BEEN TRANSFERRED TO A WORKING FLUID WHICH OPERATES
THE POWER CYCLE
HOT GEOTHERMAL WATER AND/OR STEAM IS USED TO OPEARATE
TURBINE DIRECTLY.

HYDROGEN ENERGY

HYDROGEN AS AN ENERGY CAN PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE

AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO CONVENTIONAL FUELS PROVIDED
ITS TECHNICAL PROBLEMS OF PRODUCTION ,STORAGE AND
TRANSPORTATION CAN BE RESOLVED AND COST CAN CUT
DOWN TO A ACCEPTABLE LIMIT.
ITS ATTRACTIVE FEATURE AS AN ENERGY CARRIER IS THAT
IT CAN BE PRODUCED FROM WATER THAT IS AVAILABLE IN
ATMOSTPHERE.
IT HAS HIGHEST ENERGY CONTENT PER UNIT OF MASS .
ITS BURNING PROCESS IS NON POLLUTING AND IT CAN BE
USED IN FUEL CELLS TO PRODUCE BOTH ELECTRICITY AND
USEFUL HEAT.