BTS(ZXG10-B8018) Primary Training

Shanghai R&D Center: Liu Yuhong

2012/9/23

What you will learn in this course

Part1: BTS Basic

Some concepts
CS Voice Services
TSs in Abis Interface
Abis Networking Mode

Part2: ZXG10-8018

B8018 System Structure

Clock Synchronization
B8018 Hardware Architecture
B8018 Software Structure

Part3: Primary Trouble-Shooting

Antenna and Feeder System

VSWR
TCH Assignment Failure
Call Test
Hardware Alarm

Study Method
This course is just a primary and brief but
very important course.
Try to understand and learn all terms by
heart in this class!
After you understand all basic concepts,
then you will know what you want and
could find all details in technical manual.
You may break me at anytime when you
cannot understand what I am talking.

Agenda

Part1: BTS Basic

Some concepts
CS Voice Services
TSs in Abis Interface
Abis Networking Mode

Part2: ZXG10-B8018
Part3: Primary Trouble-Shooting

Some Concepts

BTS, Rack, Slot

BTS Networking
Cell/Sector
Antenna, Feeder, RF Cable
Channel, TCH, LAPD, O&M
VSWR
dB, dBm, 40w=?dBm, gains loss.

BTS In GSM/GPRS Network

CS Voice Services

Supports the following CS voice services:

1.
2.

3.

FR
EFR
HR
AMR
Please tell me the bandwidth of FR and HR?
Do you remember the Abis interface structure? Draw it
now.
Normally how many TRX approximately can be
supported in 1 E1 by ZXG10-BTS?

Um Interface

Layer 3 consists of three sub-layers:

1. Radio Resource Management (RR) channel req
2. Mobility Management (MM) auth,
3. Connection Management (CM) setup, connect

Channel Combination

BCCH

SDCCH(CBCH)

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

Um - BCCH, SDCCH
SDCCH

Abis Interface

Layer-1 (bottom) is the physical layer and it is the PCM digital link
at the rate of 2 Mbps.
Layer-2 (middle) is the data link layer and it is based on LAPD.
Layer-3 (top) transparently transmits the layer-3 messages on
Abis interface and manages radio resources.

No BCCH.SDCCH

4 Types of TSs in Abis Interface

1.
2.
3.
4.

TCH for TRM service

LAPD for TRM signaling
O&M for operation and maintenance signaling
EAM Transparent passage: for transparent environment
monitoring channel
1 TRX 1 LAPD Channel
1 Rack 1 O&M Channel
If we dont use multiplexing technology, approximately
how many TRX are supported in one Abis E1?
And how about using LAPD 1:4 multiplexing?

TS0

Abis 1:?
Multiplexing
Solution

LAPD/O&M 1:4
multiplexing
3 O&M Channels in one
Site, why?
LAPD(O&M)
Independently
TCH, LAPD
12~14 TRX

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

TCH

Cell 1

Cell 2

Cell 3

TS27
TS28

LAPD1.1+LAPD1.2+LAPD1.3+LAPD1.4

TS29

LAPD2.4+LAPD2.5+LAPD3.1+LAPD3.2

TS30

LAPD3.3+LAPD3.4+O&M1+O&M2
O&M3

TS31

LAPD1.5+LAPD2.1+LAPD2.2+LAPD2.3

Abis Networking Mode

Star
Chain
Tree
Ring

Agenda

Part1: BSC Basic

Part2: ZXG10-B8018
B8018 System Structure
Clock Synchronization
B8018 Hardware Architecture
B8018 Software Structure

Part3: Primary Trouble-Shooting

ZTE BTS V3 Family

B8018
Shelter
BTS

B8112
B8202

Indoor

Outdoor

Indoor: 0
Outdoor: 1-macro,2-micro

B8018 System Structure

Rack Layout

Rack
Shelf (Layer)
Slot

Clock Synchronization

Internal Synchronization
Free oscillation
Clock Rectification every 6 months

External Synchronization (Net mode)

If the Abis transmission quality is very good,

which of clock synchronization mode is the best
choice? Why?

B8018 Hardware Architecture

Show software in laptop

B8018 Software Structure

dCMM software subsystem

dFUC software subsystem
dCHP software subsystem
FIU software subsystem (optional)

BTS Software Management

Do you remember how ZXG10-BSCV2 manage

BTS version?

Answer:

Software
Loading

General
Version
Setting

Reset
CMB

BTS Software
Downloading

Working Principle

ZXG10-BTS (V3)
MMI
TRM1
TRM2

BSC

EIB/
CMB

PDM

Radio tower

TRMn
FCM

Abis

Internal communication BUS

Um

Cabinet Top Structure

E1-ABCD,EFGH
SYNC

DIP Switches & Jumper

BTS_TYPE: 1100: B8018 1101: B8112

BTS_NO: No. of the cabinet of the same site 00: Basic cabinet 01:
Extended cabinet 1 10: Extended cabinet 2
SLAVE1_PORT: The E1 port of the basic cabinet to connect extended
cabinet 1: 00: Port E of the basic cabinet, F,G,H
SLAVE2_PORT: The E1 port of the basic cabinet to connect extended
cabinet 2: 00: Port E of the basic cabinet, F,G,H
SATE: Whether to use the satellite Abis link or not
ABIS_PORT: O&M port number: 00: Port A,B,C,D
ABIS_TS: The O&M LAPD timeslot on the Abis interface: 000: TS16,
25~31

CMB Controller & Maintenance Board

CMB works in active/standby mode.

We must know the meaning of 6 indicator lights!!!

PWR, RUN, SYN, CLK, MST and STA

EIB E1/T1 Interface Board

The EIB provides the Abis interface connecting to the BSC.

DIP switches

to define E1 mode: 100 T1, 120 E1(all are off) or 75 E1.

PDM Power Distribution Module

There are 12 breakers on the PDM panel controlling the power supply of two
CMBs, one EIB, and nine DTRUs(CDU).

DTRU Dual Transceiver Unit

Working Band & Module Name

GSM900 DTRUG
GSM850 DTRUM
GSM1800 DTRUD
GSM1900 DTRUP

Identifier Meaning

DTRUG

RXM1
RXD1
TX1
RXM2
RXD2
TX2
TXcom
ETP

Receiver 1
Receiver 1 (for diversity)
Transmitter 1
Receiver 2
Receiver 2 (for diversity)
Transmitter 2
Transmitter Combiner
Extend Test Port

AEM - Antenna Equipment Module

Working Band Module Name
GSM900

CDUG
CEUG

BCDUG
GSM1800

RDUD
CEUD
CDUP

1 Extended TX port (ETX)

1 Radio test port (RTE)
2 Combiner input ports (TX1 - TX2)
4 Low-noise amplifier output ports (RX1 - RX4)
2 Low-noise amplifier extended output ports
(ERX1 - ERX2)
1 Antenna feeder port (ANT)

The CDU supports one 2-in-1 combiner, a 1-to-4 low-noise amplifier.

Boards Summary

BTS O4 Configuration
TX/RX

TX/RX

CDU
TX1 TX2 RX1 RX2

TX

RX RXD

TRM1

TX

CDU
RX3

RX4

RX RXD

TRM2

TX1 TX2 RX1 RX2

TX

RX RXD

TRM3

TX

RX3 RX4

RX RXD

TRM4

Quiz O2 RF Cable Connection

Quiz O4 RF Cable Connection

BTS V3 Expansion

S6/6/6

S12/12/12

S18/18/18

What more things are needed when we make

expansion?

Agenda

Part1: BTS Basic

Part2: ZXG10-B8018
Part3: Primary Trouble-Shooting
Antenna and Feeder System
VSWR
TCH Assignment Failure
Call Test
Hardware Alarm

2 panels is in one ant board.

Antenna and Feeder System

antenna
This is one
Cell figure.

Double
Check!

1/2 inch Jump wire

Cable grounding kit

Double
Check!

inch jump wire

Arrester

rack

room

7/8 inch Feeder cable

Cable grounding kit

In BTS Room

VSWR

Do you remember what VSWR is?

VSWRVoltage Standing Wave Ratio=

(Pout+Pr)/(Pout-Pr)
1 is the ideal value, but never equals.
The higher, the worse.
In ZTE, new site <=1.3, old site <=1.5, if
VSWR>=2.0, blocked
For new site, it is a critical value.

General Trouble List

TCH assignment failure rate > 5%

based on the performance report and the TRX Basic Measurement

Bad Cell day rate > 30%

based on the performance report

Other Alarms
Such as
TRM alarm
Fan alarm & PA temperature alarm
SWR of AEM HYCOM major alarm

TCH Assignment Failure

BCCH

Possible reasons:
1.low output power
2.RF cable connection
3. ANT swapping between cells
4.interference
5. radio parameter
6. Fault TRM

Solutions:
1.measuring the output power of those TRX, replacing low output power TRX
2. Check the RF cable connection and change the RF cable if needed
3. Check jumper, feeder and ANT connection (better with the help of DT)
4. Background parameter adjusting
5. RF team revising the frequency
6. Change TRM with a new one

ANT Swapping!!

Site Master

SWR

1. Verify
2. Band

DTF

1. Dont believe it blindly.

Call Test After Change Hardware

STEP BY STEP!
OMCR Room:
Block the TCH Channels in BCCH TRM
Block the TCH TRM which you dont want to test

Very Important for

finding out the
wrong installation or
hardware!!

BTS Room:
Confirm the indicator lights on TRM panel
Make Call test ( as many as you can)
Draw a conclusion with statistics
OMCR Room:
Unblock all channels and confirm them in Dynamic management
BTS Room:
Confirm the indicator lights on TRM panel

Hardware Alarm Management

1.

Current Alarm

2.

History Alarm

3.

Typical List

Transmission - E interface

Cell Break transmission, power

SWR alarm

TRM alarm Reset/Change

FAN/Temperature alarm - AC

Summary
Part1: BTS Basic

Some concepts
CS Voice Services
TSs in Abis Interface
Abis Networking Mode

Part2: ZXG10-8018

B8018 System Structure

Clock Synchronization
B8018 Hardware Architecture
B8018 Software Structure

Part3: Primary Trouble-Shooting

Antenna and Feeder System
VSWR
TCH Assignment Failure