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SAP2000

Tutorial Example
Analysis of Spiral Staircase
(Metric Units)
ACECOMS, AIT

Table of Content
Objective............................................................................................................................4
Problem..............................................................................................................................4
Step by Step.......................................................................................................................7
1.

Create Spiral Staircase Model from Template............................................... 7

2.

Assign Supports (Restraints) ....................................................................... 11

3.

Add New Load Case.................................................................................... 14

4.

Assign Uniform Load on Staircase.............................................................. 15

5.

Define Staircase Thickness.......................................................................... 17

6.

Run Analysis ............................................................................................... 19

7.

View Deformed Shape and Moment Data................................................... 21

8.

View Reaction in Tabular Form .................................................................. 25

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Objective
To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling
and analysis of spiral staircase.

Problem
Carry out analysis of spiral staircase with the following details
3D View

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Plan View

3m
1m

Elevation View

4.5 m

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Load Cases
Load Name

Load Type

Details
Self Weight
(Calculate automatically by Self Weight Multiplier)

DEAD

Dead

+ 0.20 ton/m2 for Steps and Finishing


(Uniform Area Load on Slab Panels)

LIVE

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Live

0.4 ton/m2
(Uniform Area Load on Slab Panels)

Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step by Step
1. Create Spiral Staircase Model from Template
Step 1-1: Start SAP2000 and Select Working Unit
Start up screen of SAP2000, select working unit to be Ton-m at drop-down menu
on the bottom-right of screen and click on New Model button to start new model
with template

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 1-2: Select Template and Specify 3D Frame Parameters


Select Staricase from template list and select Sprial Staircase

Enter parameters as shown in figure below

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Note: Click on Parametric Definition to see notations for dimension

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 1-3: Create Spiral Staircase


Spiral staircase has been created by parameters specified from previous steps.

Note: To Show Shell Panels in Solid Shade


Go to View >> Set Display Options or click on Set Display Options button
select Fill Object and Apply to All Windows

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and

Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

2. Assign Supports (Restraints)


Step 2-1: Select All Nodes at Bottom of Staircase
Activate X-Y Plan window by clicking on right window area, make sure that current
plan view is at Z = 0 by clicking at the top of this window. (If not using Move Down in
or Move Up in List
to change Plan view elevation) and draw the
List
selection rectangular to cover all nodes at bottom of stair as shown in figure below.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 2-2: Assign Fix Support at Bottom of Staircase


Go to Assign >> Joint >> Restraints and select Fix support type as shown in
figure below.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 2-3: Assign Fix Support at Top of Staircase


to move plan view to top of the stair and draw the
Click on Move Up in List
selection rectangular to cover all nodes at top of stair as shown in figure below.

Go to Assign >> Joint >> Restraints and select Fix support type as shown in
figure below.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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3. Add New Load Case


Step 3-1: Add LIVE Load Case
Go to Define >> Load Cases and enter load case parameters as shown below.

Click on Add New Load to add LIVE load case in the list

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

4. Assign Uniform Load on Staircase


Step 4-1: Assign Uniform Load for DEAD Load Case at All Shell Panels
to select all elements in model and go to Assign >>
Click on Select All button
Area Load >> Uniform (Shell) and enter load parameters as shown in figure
below.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 4-2: Assign Uniform Load for LIVE Load Case at All Shell Panels
to select all elements in model and go to Assign >>
Click on Select All button
Area Load >> Uniform (Shell) and enter load parameters as shown in figure
below.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

5. Define Staircase Thickness


All staircase panels have been assigned by ASEC1 shell section
property automatically from step 1-2. This step is to specify stair
thickness.
Step 5-1: Specify Slab Thickness
Go to Define >> Area Sections, select ASEC1 and click on Modify/Show
Section

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 5-2: Specify Area Thickness


Enter area thickness as shown in figure below.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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6. Run Analysis
Step 6-1: Start Analysis
Go to Analyze >> Run Analysis or click on Run Analysis button
Run Now

and click on

Specify file name and click on Save to save model.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 6-2: View Analysis Details and Check Error Message


Wait until analysis status dialogue
and scroll up to check error message.

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shows

ANALYSIS

COMPLETE

Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

7. View Deformed Shape and Moment Data


Step 7-1: Select Load Case to Display Deformed Shape
Go to Display >> Show Deformed Shape or click on Show Deformed Shape
button and select desired Case/ Combo Name.

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 7-2: Display Deformed Shape and View Particular Displacement


Displacement details at particular node will display when moving cursor close to that
node. To view deformed shape in animation, click on Start Animation button. Click
on
or
to reduce/increase animation speed. Right click on desired node to
view particular displacement value.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Step 7-3: Display Moment on Staircase


Go to Display >> Show Forces/Stresses >> Shell and select desired
Case/Combo Name and Component. Right mouse click on desired panel to view
particular moment

Note: Move mouse cursor over this particular diagram to view moment at particular
point

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Note: Sign Convention for Shell Element

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

8. View Reaction in Tabular Form


Step 8-1: Select Reaction and Analysis Case to Display in Table
Go to Display >> Show Tables, select Reaction as shown in figure below, click on
Select Analysis Cases and select only DEAD and LIVE by clicking on them one
by one while holding Ctrl button

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SAP2000 Tutorial Example

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Step 8-2: Display Reaction in Table


Go to Display >> Show Deformed Shape or click on Show Deformed Shape
button and select desired Case/ Combo Name.

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Modeling and Analysis of Spiral Staircase

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

ACECOMS, AIT

Note: Joint Label can be displayed from View >> Set Display Options or
clicking on Set Display Options
and select Labels in Joints

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