Hypothyroidism Mark Star 7-28-10

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Hypothyroidism:

A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

A Teleseminar Session with


Mark Starr, MD
and Ruth Buczynski, PhD

The National Institute for


the Clinical Application of
Behavioral Medicine

nicabm
www.nicabm.com

Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Hypothyroidism:
A Rapidly Growing Epidemic
Contents:
Why Thyroid Function Is So
Critical to Optimal Health and Mental Health ....................................... 3
What Happens When the Thyroid Malfunctions ..................................... 6
Type 1 vs. Type 2 Hypothyroidism Why it Matters ............................... 8
How the Thyroid Influences Immunity .................................................. 10
The Thyroid and the Bodys Metabolism .............................................. 13
The Effects of Environmental Toxins
on Patients with Hypothyroidism........................................................... 16
From the Treatment of Pain to Hypothyroidism ................................... 20
State-of-the-Art Treatment for Hypothyroidism .................................... 21

A complete transcript of a Teleseminar Session


featuring Mark Starr, MD and conducted by Ruth Buczynski, PhD of NICABM
The National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine
www.nicabm.com

Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Hypothyroidism:
A Rapidly Growing Epidemic
with Mark Starr, MD and Ruth Buczynski, PhD
Dr. Ruth Buczynski: Hello everyone, welcome to the call tonight. Weve got a really
important agenda and I want to get started, but before we do I just want to say welcome
to everyone no matter where youre calling from.
We have people that are listening from all over the world and from all kinds of time
zones. Welcome to everyone.
We have practitioners who are physicians and nurses and psychologists and social
workers and there are physical therapists and occupational therapists and clergy and
dietitians and marriage and family therapists and counselors and psychologists. We
represent a wide, wide range of professions.
So, welcome to tonights call; its an incredibly important one. Our call is on
hypothyroidism. Its a rapidly growing epidemic and its something, no matter what your
specialty is, no matter what your profession is, I think youll want to know about because
youll be finding that in many, many cases, even if its not something that you treat, its
affecting your patients.
Our guest tonight is Dr. Mark Starr. He is a physician and author of the book
Hypothyroidism Type 2: The Epidemic. So Mark, welcome to the call.
Dr. Mark Starr: Thanks, glad to be here.
Buczynski: And lets get started right away by talking about why thyroid function is so
critical to both optimal health and mental health.

Why Thyroid Function Is So Critical to Optimal Health and Mental Health


Starr: Sure. Well, the thyroid controls our metabolism - basically the speed and
efficiency at which each of our trillions of cells works and if the cells arent working at
optimal speed, then obviously things slow down and waste products accumulate and you
have a myriad of symptoms that can result. The central nervous system is the number one
target of low metabolism, but first, Id like to say a little abut my book.

The National Institute for the Clinical Application of Behavioral Medicine


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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

I studied with a couple of wonderful


doctors in New York Cityone who
was an orthopedic surgeon and President
Kennedys last pain doctor who got rid
of President Kennedys back pain after
three failed back surgeries.

The thyroid controls our metabolismbasically the speed and efficiency


at which each of our trillions of cells
works and if the cells arent working
at optimal speed, then obviously
things slow down and waste
products accumulate and a myriad
of symptoms can result.

His name was Hans Kraus. He wrote


the book, Diagnosis and Treatment
of Muscle Pain. He was an Olympic
ski doctor for decades, and he
worked very closely with a couple of
endocrinologists, and thats how he got to be President Kennedys pain doctorbecause
Gene Cohen was an endocrinologist at the New York Hospital Endocrinology Clinic, and
he and Dr. Larry Sonkin, who was my teacher, was an MD PhD at the New York Hospital
Endocrinology Clinic, and those three knew that pain and hormones were very closely
related.
So, I was a medical doctor; I didnt finish medical school until I was 37I was a late
bloomer. I had a back injury in high school when they offered a laminectomy at the ripe
old age of 17.
Luckily, in 1970, the doctors werent as anxious to operate on young folks as they might
be. Anyway, I had back pain for 25 years and by the time I was in my residency and I was
40, I was having dry skin, constipation, my concentration was decreasing, I had joint and
muscle pain.
Thyroid problems run in my family, and I couldnt get any of the doctors at the University
of Missouri where I went to medical school to treat me for my thyroid problems because
my blood tests were normal.
They assured me that I was just working too much and my cholesterol, by the time I got
back to New York, had gone from 160 to 250, and my triglycerides were sky high and my
symptoms were getting worse and as soon as I saw Dr. Kraus, he said you need to see Dr.
Sonkin.
And my first visit with Dr. Sonkin resulted in me being put on thyroid hormones. And Dr.
Sonkin showed me his research that there were millions of people out there who werent
getting treated because the blood tests were missing their low thyroid.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

And I felt better and when I went back after two years of studying in New York, and went
back and started a pain clinic (Im board certified in pain), I realized that after a year or
two, that most of my pain patients had the same thing that I did.
So, I spent six years writing my book. I wanted to find out how come doctors could have
gone so astray basically, and how come these old, wonderful giants of medicinehow
come their research wasnt in the books and wasnt in our teachings.
I spent six, seven, eight years doing research. My book contains the best research, I think,
that was ever done on the thyroid beginning in the 1800s when it was first described. The
first cure was 1891, and the last textbook that had before-and-after treatment pictures was
1957.
At about that time doctors became convinced that they needed to treat the blood test and
use synthetic thyroid instead of the old-fashioned Armour Desiccated Porcine Thyroid
that theyve used quite successfully for over 70 years. And there were no more beforeand after-treatment pictures.
So anyway, this was the best research I could find. And as I say, its not my research, I just
compiled it. I do have some of my own research in my book, but these were the giants of
medicine and this is the best research.
For instance, one family in Belgium has had four generations of endocrinologists. Its the
Hertoghe family, and I have the senior Hertoghe who published a treatise in 1915. Its a
wonderful book on the milder form of hypothyroidism.
I have his research and his pictures in my book as well. And his grandson also had a
wonderful study thats in my book showing that the symptoms of low thyroid were
reduced by 70 percent just by switching from the synthetic thyroid back to the oldfashioned thyroid. So thats a bit of an introduction.
Buczynski: Greatthanks. So lets talk a little bit about first lets just talk generally.
Therere a lot of mental health practitioners on the call and they may not have gotten as
thorough an exposure to what is the purpose of the thyroid. Where is it in the body and
whats its purpose?
Starr: Well it controls the speed in which each of our cells operates. Its purpose is to
maintain health. Without it, nothing else functions properly. Even metabolism is the sum
of all physical and chemical processes by which living substances are produced and
maintained.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Metabolism is the transformation by which


energy is made available to the organism.
Appendix A in my book shows all the
known functions of thyroid hormone,
and there are manyit increases the
transcriptions of large numbers of genes,
enzymes, proteinswithout enough
thyroid, the most common symptoms are
fatigue and weakness, cold intolerance,
joint and muscle pain, depression, any
mental illness can be low thyroid

Metabolism is the transformation


by which energy is made available
to the organism. Without enough
thyroid, the most common
symptoms are fatigue and
weakness, cold intolerance, joint
and muscle pain, and depression...

Buczynski: So frequently a psychotherapist might be treating someone who isnt


responding to therapy, and perhaps the problem is that they look like theyre depressed,
but they may need to have a work-up to determine if they have hypothyroidism.
Starr: I have all the neurologic and psychiatric manifestations of hypothyroidism listed
in my book.
Starr: Everything from headaches and paresthesias and carpal tunnel to vertigo, tinnitus,
depression, akinetic or agitated schizophrenia, psychosis, bipolar disorders, stress or
compulsive disorders, eating disordersyou can name it, its on the list of things that
(low functioning) thyroid can cause.
Buczynski: So now, lets just talk briefly about when the thyroid is malfunctioning,
it can be in a hyper fashion or a hypo fashion. Can we just lay out some introductory
groundwork before we get into more specifics on hyper and hypothyroidism?

What Happens When the Thyroid Malfunctions


Starr: Well, hyper is obviously too much thyroid hormone. Your heart rate speeds
up, you get tremulous, you can have diarrhea, its a life threatening condition that is
very uncomfortable for the people who have it, and you lose weight, and your body
temperature is high.
One of the main points in my book is theres good research from the time that the thyroid
problem was described. All the papers in the old days said that low temperature was a
sign of low thyroid, and high temperature, or above normal temperature, was a sign of a
hyperthyroid.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

And one of the best doctors, probably the best endocrinologist that America ever had,
was named Broda O. Barnes, MD, PhD. He died in the late 1980s. But he did research
on thousands of patients covering 30 years and he has a research foundation in his name.
Brodabarnes.org is the website and I will email that to you if you dont have it. Its in my
book as well.
But he did studies. They used to do the basal metabolism study where they put a tube
in your mouth and a nose clip on to see how much oxygen you inspired and CO2 you
expired, and according to your age, height, weight, and sex, they had a whole bunch of
normal values.
If you were below normal, you were deemed low thyroid. If you were above normal, and
thats normal or above, then anxiety, pain, and all sorts of things can do thatso the test
was accurate about 75 percent of the time.
Thats why doctors were always looking for blood tests, but Broda Barnes did all of
his own basal metabolism studies on his thousands of patients and published a paper in
JAMA in 1942 that compared basal metabolism with basal temperature. He showed how
much more accurate the basal temperature was than basal metabolism.
So, the basal temperature was described in all the
older research by the prominent doctors in my
book, and it is a very accurate way of detecting
low thyroid.

Basal temperature is
a very accurate way of
detecting low thyroid.

And Dr. Barnes, after 35 years of study said he still couldnt tell the difference between
low thyroid and hyperthyroid without his thermometer, because oftentimes, people will
be low thyroid, but still be under weight. They will have a rapid heart rate, they will have
tremor, and it looks as if theyre hyperthyroid.
But if their temperature is low, he would give them a small dose of thyroid and they
would improve and their basal temperature would normalize and their symptoms would
resolve.

The blood tests are missing so


many millions of people and the
basal temperature is a good
test to determine whether or
not youre low thyroid.

Thats one of the main points in the book


the fact that the blood tests are missing so
many millions of people and that the basal
temperature is a good test to determine
whether or not youre low thyroid.

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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Buczynski: There are a lot of challenges with diagnosis and well get to that in a
minute, but from there, weve come to determine that weve got hyperthyroidism and
hypothyroidism, but then if you take the hypothyroidism, which is the far more prevalent
of the two, I believe, you find that there are Type 1 and Type 2 kinds of hypothyroidism.
Can we just clarify that a little bit so people understand where were going here?

Type 1 vs. Type 2 Hypothyroidism Why it Matters


Starr: Well my editor and I decided my teacher was Larry Sonkin, the MD PhD at
New York Cornell, and he called the problem peripheral resistance syndrome, and that
was kind of a mouthful. But its quite similar to diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is when the pancreas fails to produce insulin, and you have to go on
insulin right away, otherwise youll die. Type 2 diabetes is not a problem with the insulin
level. Its a cellular problem, and so oftentimes, the patients have normal or elevated
levels of insulin, but the cells are not able to utilize it properly.
So, my publisher and I decided to name the two types of hypothyroidism Type 1, which
is when the thyroid gland fails, which is what they pick up on their blood tests, or Type
2, which is when you have normal blood tests, the TSH and free T3 and the free T4 and
whatever tests you want to measure are normal, but the patients are still low thyroid.
And like I said, its quite similar to Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics. Just as Type 1 diabetics
are very much in the minority of the total diabetic population, something like 90 percent
or more are Type 2.
My publisher and a whole lot of doctors now think that about 90 percent of the people
who are low thyroid are Type 2 and are not being treated or diagnosed properly.
Buczynski: And thats because it doesnt show up on a blood test. A blood test is valuable
for determining Type 1, but not so much for the peripheral type of hypothyroidism, which
youre calling Type 2.
Starr: Thats correct.

About 90 percent of the


people who are low thyroid
are Type 2 and are not being
treated or diagnosed properly.

Buczynski: And whats unfortunate is that 90


percent of the people who have hypothyroidism
fall into the Type 2 category, which means that
90 percent of the people who have it arent diagnosed with it. Would that be right?
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Starr: Yes, that my opinion. Broda Barnes, one of the experts, published a book called
Hypothyroidism: the Unsuspected Illness, which I highly recommend to everybody
(Barnes and Noble and widely available despite being published over 40 years ago).
He said that 40 percent of all men, women, and children in America had low thyroid at
that time. And he added that in another 10 years, he estimated it would be 50 percent. The
third Hertoghe generation in Belgium, among the four generations of endocrinologists in
Belgium, estimated that 80 percent of his Belgian countrymen were low thyroid.
Im not the one whos saying that theres an epidemic although I like to quote the giants
of thyroid who did the best research in the history of the treatment of low thyroid and
diagnosis, but thats what the best doctors who ever treated low thyroid say.
Buczynski: And is there a typical age of onset or is it fairly random?
Starr: Well, Dr. Broda Barnes did 70,000 consecutive autopsy studies in Graz, Austria,
where everyone who has died since the late 1700s has had an autopsy. They had a terrible
state of health and when medicine was emerging out of the four humors when they were
bleeding everybody, autopsies came into vogue in the late 1700s.
He found that they had wonderful autopsy studies and it turns out, about 75 percent of all
the deaths in the second largest city in Austriaand that was a mountainous area that was
iodine deficient and for instance in 1800 and something, one out of a hundred adults was
a cretin, which is a mentally retarded dwarf that has no thyroid function.
So, Dr. Barness autopsy studies show that there was a drop in infectious diseases because
the two hallmarks of low thyroid is, number one: it causes accelerated hardening of the
arteries, and number two: it causes a decrease in the immune system so youre much
more susceptible to infections.
His 70,000 autopsy studies, which Im thumbing through my book to find, showed that
the thyroid related illnesses were the ones that explodedbasically the people who used
to die were susceptible to infection and low thyroid.
And once we introduced antibiotics and anti-tuberculin drugs in 1945, then the low
thyroid population exploded. You know, small pox, plagues, tuberculosis and infections,
you name itthey would take out all those with low thyroid for thousands of years.
And so, since 1945, and even before that, we had washed our hands and cut the rate of
TB in half and much more than that, we reduced the numbers already.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

One reason he went over there was to prove that it was the low thyroid that was causing
the explosion of heart attacks which were barely described before he went to medical
school in the 1930s.
The first description of a heart attack was in 1912 and he wrote a book called Solve the
Riddle of Heart Attacks where he decreased the incidence by over 90 percent by treating
his patients for thyroid.
He had very few heart attacks in his 30
years of treating thousands of patients. He
had a total of four. So the death rate from
infections went down 56 percent in Graz,
Austria between 1930 and 1970, and heart
attacks went from 1 in 125 to 1 in 14they
increased 915 percent!

People lived longer because they


werent dying of cholera and
malaria and tuberculosis, but as
they lived into their 50s, they
started dying of heart disease
which hadnt been seen before.
People with heart disease were
usually killed off before then at
younger ages by infections.

Buczynski: So people lived longer because


they werent dying of cholera and malaria
and tuberculosis and so forth, but as they
lived into their 50s they started dying of
heart disease which hadnt been seen before. People with heart disease were usually
killed off before then at younger ages by infections. Did I get that right?
Starr: Yeah. Those were the people who were susceptible to infections.
Buczynski: So what is it about the thyroid that has such an influence on immunity?

How the Thyroid Influences Immunity


Starr: Well, the immune system is very energy intensive. For instance, anemia is one of
the hallmarks of low thyroid. I just saw a patient again this week who has severe anemia,
Nobody can figure out why she has itof course shes low thyroid and shes also toxic.

The immune system is


very energy intensive.

Medical doctors are not taught to test for heavy metals


and poisons in the body. Its not in their paradigm, but
its rampant. I have a study in my book done by the
Environmental Working Group that showed umbilical
cord toxins in women who were giving birth. They
tested 10 women around the country, the United States,

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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

who were all giving birth and they tested the


sophisticated testing on the fetal bloodthe cord
blood.
The women averaged 200 toxinsmost of which
were neurotoxins, carcinogens, and others that
cause birth defects, and a lot of them had all three.
So they are not kind toxins that the fetus is being
bathed in these days.

Medical doctors are not


taught to test for heavy
metals and poisons in
the body. Its not in their
paradigm, but its rampant.

So and it was a long winded answer to say that a whole lot of thesethe thyroid is, from
birth, in most of the Type 2 patients because theyre low thyroid from birth. If mom is low
thyroid, then very rarely will she have a normal thyroid child. And, so Ive treated all sorts of
women.
Gosh, in the old days, the GYN doctors, the OB doctors, knew that if a patient couldnt
conceive, they needed Armour Thyroid, and I still see 50, 60, and 70 year old women who
couldnt get pregnant, but they had a big family and once they were on Armour Thyroid and
its a shame because all these expensive fertility drugs and so on you know, even if the mom
is pregnant, or becomes pregnant, I mean, and has a child, the child is usually low thyroid, or
more so than the mother.
And I remember seeing a picture of the first test tube baby on the cover of TIME magazine, and
she had myxedema, which is another main point I make in my book.

There are a whole lot of folks


out there walking around
with myxedema, and nobody,
including the doctors, has a
clue that theyre low thyroid.

Myxedema is the medical term for low thyroid


and it is, according to the textbooks, thyroprival
and pathognomonic -- which means if you have
myxedema, you have low thyroid.
And there are a whole lot of folks out there who
have myxedema and are walking around and
nobody, including the doctors, has a clue that
theyre low thyroid.

And they used to do biopsies. You know, they used to look for myxedema by doing biopsies. In
the conclusion of my book, I say that I asked a senior pathologist once: when was the last time
he did a biopsy looking for low thyroid, and of course, the answer was never.
But, I have a quotethe first 300 page description of low thyroid before there was even a cure
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

was by the Clinical Society of London in 1888. And it had 60 autopsies because they
couldnt cure it, and the autopsies were wonderful descriptions of all the atherosclerosis
and they called it contracting oh gosh, what was it it was chronic kidney failure
was a lot of the low thyroid deaths, but the quote I took was this: the general uniformity
of the more prominent symptoms is indeed remarkable, allowing ready recognition
of the malady in any freshly encountered case by an observer who has seen one wellpronounced case. Thats from the Clinical Society of Londons report of myxedema in
1888.
And they also had before-and-after-treatment illustrations, as I have a number of them in
my book. I have so many people that read my book, they say, gosh Dr. Starr, I go to the
mall and I see all these people who have myxedema, and I say, Yeah, and Im sorry the
doctors dont know that as well.
Buczynski: So, I just want to make sure people understand some of the range of things
that it might look like. So, youre looking at decreased circulation, youre looking at
baldness in women
Starr: Hair loss is one of the symptoms, and hair under the arm pits
Buczynski: Or thinning of the hair
Starr: Yeah, thinning of the hairyou lose the hair under the arm pits. They lose the
pubic hair, and hair on their arms and legs. Gosh, if you had high cholesterol for the first
half of the 20th century, that meant you were low thyroid.
A doctor from the Lehey Clinic proposed that they use cholesterol to diagnose thyroid
problems because there was such a close correlation between the patients metabolism
and the cholesterol.
So thats gone by the by as well, but menstrual
difficultiesDr. Barnes has studies showing 90
percent of the menstrual difficulties resolve with
low thyroid, and Dr. Hertoghes study from the
1990s, shows how they reduced the incidence of
depression by two thirds just by putting them on
desiccated thyroid.

A study from the 1990s,


shows how they reduced the
incidence of depression by
two thirds just by putting
them on desiccated thyroid.

So, acne, premature aging, obesity, cancer, headaches, constipation, dry skin, like I said,
arthritis was treated with thyroid hormones for the first half of the 20th century until
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

prednisone, or rather the glucocorticoids were found in 1948. Before that, it didnt matter
what type of arthritis you had. If you had arthritis, you got Armour Thyroid.
Buczynski: And hoarseness is also a frequent symptom. The vocal cords become
swollen.
Starr: Well, I wouldnt say its frequent. It certainly isnt among the top ten, but if youre
hoarse, it may very well be why youre hoarse. And I had hoarseness. It was bothersome.
I dont have it anymore no matter how long I talk which you can tell. I tell everybody I
had to write my book because my friends got tired of listening to me talk.
Buczynski: I think a lot of people are interested in metabolism because it has so much
to do with both energy, the energy of life, and also with weight management. And the
thyroid is the most critical gland in the body to deal with metabolism. Can you give us a
sense of how metabolism is involved here?

The Thyroid and the Bodys Metabolism


Starr: Well, your metabolism can be decreased by 50 percent. I did basal metabolic
studies on 50 consecutive pain patients who had normal THSs and the average was 15
percent below normal.
One lady was 48 percent below normalshe couldnt stay awake in my office on our first
visit, and shed been on thyroid for 30 years before they took her off her thyroid 10 years
earlier because they said her blood tests were normal and she didnt need it anymore.
So metabolism increases, back to normal,
once you give these people the proper thyroid
treatment. Its a lot more complicated than that
unfortunately because were so full of poisons
these days and teeth are a big issue when it
comes to health.

Metabolism increases, back


to normal, once you give the
proper thyroid treatment.

There are lots of problems with teeth and jaw bonesthat can cause adrenal deficiency
and problems tolerating thyroid if your adrenals are weak, which the endocrinologists and
the mainstream doctors have not been taught whatsoever.
Then, you oftentimes do not tolerate thyroid. And iodine has been used since 1827 in the
treatment of Goiter and thyroid problems, but for the last several decades, the doctors
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

are not taught to use iodine, or glucose iodine which cures goiters. Glucose iodine was
the first medicine that was used for a specific illness, and that was to cure goiter. So, Im
sorry its so screwed up, but its not my fault.
Buczynski: And we were just about to blame you

It really is remarkable how you


can reverse patients health with
the proper usage of thyroid.

Starr: My cold intolerance is gone, my joint


and muscle pain is gone, my dry skin is
goneit really is remarkable how you can
reverse patients health with the proper usage
of thyroid.

Buczynski: And so, in any of the recent studiesI know you were describing Broda
Barness findings about heart disease, but has anyone followed up his work? He was
saying that cholesterol isnt what causes heart disease. Cholesterol was a sign that the
person had a thyroid problem, and that when you treated that, the heart disease got better.
Is that a fair summary of what he said?
Starr: Well, as I said, he had a research study that lasted over 30 years. I couldnt get
copyright for the final, but I do have his twenty-some year study in my book, in which
over 90 percent of heart attacks were avoided in his patient group.
He compared them to the Framingham Study, so
the average number of patients per decade had to
have been in the study for at least two years. In
my epilogue, I do have my treatment results.

Cholesterol isnt what


causes heart disease.
Cholesterol was a sign that
the person had a thyroid
problem, and that when
you treated that, the heart
disease got better.

I have now had three patients who have had


heart attacks in my 14 years of using thyroid. All
three were just starting their thyroid treatment.
One had stage four brain cancer.He was on a
big dose of Decadron to decrease the swelling
in his brain. Hed had chronic sinus infections,
premature greying of his hair, severe acne as a teen, and a number of other thyroid
symptoms his whole life.

And besides that, Dr. Barness patients had about half the normal rate of cancer because
the immune system is of course necessary to prevent cancer. So anyway, for this
gentleman patient, I put him on one grain of thyroid because steroids greatly suppress
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

thyroid function, all aspects of thyroid function.


Buczynski: The Decadron.
Starr: The glucocorticoids, in general, yeah. And the studies on that are in my book as
well. Theyre in Broda Barness book, too, for that matter.
So his thyroid is being suppressed even more than when I put him on one grain and when
I raised him to one and a half grains, he had a fatal heart attack. And thats not a huge
dose of thyroid, and he was only 49 or 50 years old.
So obviously, he had severe coronary artery disease in addition to all of his other thyroid
symptoms. And fortunately, his wife didnt sue me because when you give patients
the old-fashioned thyroid who have normal TSH and you have a bad outcome, youre
susceptible to being attacked by the medical board, or your colleagues, or whomever
because its not quote, the standard of care.
So if people want to know why there arent more doctors who do what I do, its because
they like to suspend their hospital privileges and do whatever if youre not doing the
standard of care.
Buczynski: Why arent there more studies that would validate this perspective?
Starr: Well, I spoke in Stockholm last September to the endocrinologists at
Karolinska Institute and they promptly declared there wasnt any such thing as Type 2
hypothyroidism, but they did lower the TSH required to diagnose low thyroid from 3.0 to
2.5. It happens to be 10.0you have to have a TSH of 10.0 in order to require treatment
in Great Britain, and its 4.2 in America.
And one of the doctors after I lectured stood up and said, Why arent there more
studies?
Well, its because the thyroid is cheap. And it cures a whole lot of stuff, and its generic,
and if theres no money in it thats the bottom line.
Buczynski: So often we look at adrenal fatigue. Its the same kind of thing: why dont
people know more about it? Well, theres not a lot of pharmaceutical intervention for it,
so its not studied. Lets talk about you started in our introduction; you alluded to the
idea that environmental toxins play a significant role in hypothyroidism. Lets flesh that
out some.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

The Effects of Environmental Toxins on Patients with Hypothyroidism


Starr: Sure. There are some wonderful studies that came out in the 1990s showing how
scores and scores of common environmental toxins block thyroid function.
The phthalates that cause plastic to be flexible
leach into the water and block thyroid function.
PCBs, dioxins, mercury, arsenic, cadmium,
aluminumgoshtheres just so many
chemicals I cant go over all of them.

Scores and scores of common


environmental toxins block
thyroid function... one of the
main offenders is fluoride.

But one of the main offenders is fluoride. You know, the halides (a group of minerals
containing one of the halogen elements, such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine, and iodine,
as a building block) are in one column on the periodic chart, and at the top of the halides
column is fluorine. So, it has a higher affinity to the iodine receptors than does iodine.
And one of my good friends, Jerry Tennant and hes an MD who did his eye surgery
residency at Mass General, was the first doctor to do out-patient eye surgery. He did most
of his research on the computerthe one used for Lasik surgery.
He was teaching Lasik around the world when he became ill, and he was in bed for six
years before he sought integrated medical care and started getting better. His research is
in his recently published book, Healing is Voltage.
But anyway, he didnt know that thyroid problems arent being diagnosed or treated
properly and I didnt know about voltage, and when we met about three years ago, our
work meshed extremely well, so hes taken over. Hes such a wonderful researcher.
Hes basically I told him, my research led to the right guy being on the thyroid
hormone trail because he has research in his new book showing that T4 can be fake T4,
basically it can be replaced by the iodine that attaches to the tyrosine.
Its not iodine, its fluorine or bromine or chlorine, which are all above iodine in the
periodic charts so they have a higher affinity to the receptor, and were being exposed to
fluorine and chlorine, for instance, on a daily basis in our water here in the United States.
And there are lots of naturally occurring areas where the fluorine is high in the water. But
fluorine is a fake T4, and can be converted into a fake T3. So he thinks thats one of the
main reasons you see people with normal thyroid levels.
And not only does it screw up the thyroid hormone, it damages the thyroid gland. It
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

causes infiltration that looks a whole lot like Hashimotos disease, an autoimmune
disorder (and the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the United States).

The fluoride thats in our water


is masking the tests ability to
pick up hypothyroidism. And its
also at the same time, harming
the thyroid.

Buczynski: So hes saying that the fluoride


thats in our water is masking the tests
ability to pick up hypothyroidism.
Starr: Thats correct.
Buczynski: And its also at the same time,
harming the thyroid.

Starr: Thats correctbad news. And I recommend everybody get Dr. Jerry Tennants
new book. Its called Healing is Voltage, and its on Amazon. Its only on kindle right
now. It just came out this week I think.
But it didnt take Dr. Tennant long. Hed been studying voltage because voltage and PH
are hard-wired together. PHs 7 is neutral. Everything below 7 is acidic and has a positive
voltage. (0 is plus 400 millivolts.) Everything alkaline is above 7 to 14 and is a minus
voltage. Negative voltage is able to donate electrons up to almost 400 millivolts at PH
14.
Our bodies work at 7.35, which is about minus 25 millivolts. Healing occurs at minus 50
millivolts and cancer occurs at plus 30 millivolts. 6.04 is when you have DNA damage in
cancer.
And hed been studying all the causes of low voltage for years before we met. All the
voltage is stored in good fat so 20 percent of your diet has to be high quality fat, because
for instance, you replace every cell in the liver every eight weeks, and every cell in
the brain or nervous system is replaced every eight months according to Dr. Tennants
research.
So, in order to make healthy cells, you need
a heck of a lot of good fat. And in Broda
Barness book Solve the Riddle of Heart
Attacks, one of the last chapters was called the
Demise of the Cholesterol Theory, and that
was 1976 or 1980 when that was published.

All the voltage is stored in good


fat so 20 percent of your diet
has to be high quality fat... In
order to make healthy cells, you
need a lot of good fat.

But anyway, theres a great website, the Weston Price Foundation. The Weston Price
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Foundation talks about how important good fats are. It also talks a lot about teeth.
Im getting off the subject, but Dr. Tennant
didnt take long, once he found out about
the thyroid, to realize that the number one
cause of low voltage is low thyroid. And
when you replace the thyroid, the voltage
starts increasing quite rapidlywith the
right type of thyroid anyway.

The number one cause of low


voltage is low thyroid. And when
you replace the thyroid, the
voltage starts increasing quite
rapidly

So he and I have become close friends and his research is quite remarkable. He has
something that puts voltage into people called the biomodulater, and it helps increase
the healing you know you can increase the voltage in peoples organs by using
the acupuncture system. He has merged together the Kabbalah, the Chakras, and the
acupuncture system.
Hes completely figured out the entire electrical system of the body which is a good
enough reason all by itself to buy his book. Hes quite a remarkable man. All of his
illustrations are in his book by the way.
Buczynski: Some of the energy therapists might be particularly interested in his book. So
if youre treating someone with environmental toxins, would you take any different kind
of approach than if youre treating someone with any other kind of thyroid problem?

Pretty much everyone


is toxic these days.

Starr: Well, pretty much everyone is toxic these days, and


I often have to start with trying to help detoxify the patient
and get their liver working again and their gut is extremely
important.

I would say the majority of the people who come to see me I have something called the
bioelectrical impedance analysis device, a BIA, and Im sure Dr. Tennant has that in his
book as well. With this, you can measurehow much good fat is in the body.
And when you have a leaky gut because the gut is inflamed from food allergies and
mercury toxicity and so on, you cant absorb things properly and youre allergic to almost
everything you eat. So you have to detoxify those patients.
And the teeth the dentition is a huge part of how I help people get well because
mercury is extremely toxic and its not just the mercury itself, but there are 20 different
frequencies associated with the different forms of mercury.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

And when you have a leaky gut


because the gut is inflamed
from food allergies and mercury
toxicity and so on, you cant
absorb things properly.

And even if you get rid of most of the


mercury, you still may have the frequencies,
and it takes a whole body wash with Procaine
to get rid of those mercury frequencies.

You do the Procaine wash with gauze and


Procaine on it once a week, or once every
two weeks for six or seven months to help
detoxify the body. Theres a wonderful dentist in Spokane who has a whole protocol for
detoxifying the body with just vitamin supplements. He calls it PD7it has Procaine,
DMSO, and 7 other things in it. And I give this to all the children and adults I see. It
helps get rid of infections in the mouth as well.
For instance, almost 90 percent of wisdom teeth extractions remain chronically infected
Theres a wonderful book (that I reference in minein my adrenal deficiency chapter.
Its called the Roots of DiseaseConnecting Dentistry and Medicine.
A cardiologist wrote that book, along with a dentist. Because the wisdom tooth socket
happens to be at the heart radian and the endocrine radian, they did a study. Almost 90
percent, something like 330 out of 360 wisdom teeth
sockets were infected and thats gangrene and thats
Amost 90 percent
just God-awful.That decreases your voltage and your
of wisdom teeth
immunity and its quite common. Dentists will treat it,
extractions remain
but unfortunately, dental boards would like to take their
chronically infected.
licenses away as well. So its a bad situation.
Buczynski: Lets talk a little bit about, basically, how you started out in the treatment of
pain. You didnt start out looking at hypothyroidism. How did you get from pain to the
thyroid?

From the Treatment of Pain to Hypothyroidism


Starr: Well, my teachers in New York knew there was a close correlation. They didnt
like the diagnosis of fibromyalgia, for instance. I had fibromyalgia even though I wasnt
disabled. I certainly had tender muscles and all the tender points that are necessary for
the diagnosis, and they said that it was a metabolic problem.
You know, Larry Sonkin said, Its not fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgias a waste basket
diagnosis. This is a metabolic problem. And sure enough, my tender muscles got a
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

whole lot better with the thyroid, but they never completely resolved, and it was because
I had chronic infections in my wisdom teeth sockets, and I also had an infection in a root
canal.

Its not fibromyalgia.


Fibromyalgias a waste
basket diagnosis. This is
a metabolic problem.

I knocked out a front tooth in a motorcycle accident


when I was 20, and that was chronically infected.
And so those nasty infections will certainly cause
joint and muscle pain. The more severe the arthritis
and pain, the more Im sure that theres a dental
problem associated.

So anyway, I went back to Missouri and opened up the pain clinic, and I was poking
everybodys muscles full of holes and doing the physical therapy the Dr. Kraus spent
60 or 70 years of his 90 years forming protocols for. He treated everyone from Eleanor
Roosevelt and Jonas Salk to Yul Brynner and Katharine Hepburn and John Unitas, and
you go on and on.
He used to see all the ambassadors from the United Nationstheyd come see him when
he was still 90 years old and working. And he was a world famous guy.
Anyway, I did all my own physical therapy because I took insurance at the time and I
wasnt very well reimbursed, and I didnt have a huge booming practice because what I
did was quite different and people were skeptical.
So I did all my own physical therapy and spent
a long time with my patients. At first I would
ask them if they had depression, dry skin, high
cholesterol, you knowsome of the major
symptoms of low thyroid and they would say
no.

The more severe the


arthritis and pain, the more
Im sure that theres an
associated dental problem.

But then I would start doing physical therapy, and I could see that they had dry skin
and their extremities were cold and youd talk to them longer, and yes, theyd had some
depression and then the myxedema became apparent.
And it took me about two years before I realized that the vast majority of all my pain
patients had low thyroid. And just about that time I found Broda Barness book and it
basically verified everything I suspected, including the pervasiveness of the problem, and
I went from there.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

So after five years, I had to close my


practice because the insurance companies
wouldnt pay me and the primary care
doctors and a lot of the other doctors
didnt like what I was doing, so now I
have a homeopathic license in Arizona
and I have a homeopathic MD. There
are only three states with homeopathic
medical licenses, so Im not under the
auspices of the federal and state medical
boards, which try to keep close wraps on
what I talk about in my book.

I would start doing physical


therapy, and I could see that
they had dry skin and their
extremities were cold... theyd had
some depression and then the
myxedema became apparent. It
took me about two years before I
realized that the vast majority of all
my pain patients had low thyroid.

But, gosh, I have professional baseball players out there who couldnt pitch for two years
and they had elbow and shoulder surgery, but they needed thyroid and they needed their
muscles treated and they needed detoxification, and theyre throwing their 95 mile an
hour fastball again with no pain whatsoever.
Buczynski: And so, lets get into some of the treatment issues. What would be, in your
view, some of the state of the art treatment for hypothyroidism?

State-of-the-Art Treatment for Hypothyroidism


Starr: Well, one thing thats missing in my book is treatment of Hashimotos because
I hadnt seen that much of it initially, but its become rampant. As much as 12 to 15
percent of Americans have thyroid antibodies, and the people whose antibodies are
attacking their own thyroid are the Hashimotos type patients.
They dont have to have just the magic number. If you have an antibody level of 20
verses 40, you dont have Hashimotos when youre at 20, but you do when youre at 40
or whatever.I think thats hogwash. Its just a man-made number.
Almost anybody who has thyroid antibodies is going to have trouble: first, the majority
of them anyway, because in taking the old-fashioned thyroid, which I talk about so much
in my book, is too much like their own thyroid and it just makes their thyroid antibodies
go higher.
And second, they have to take compounded T4 and T3. The textbooks all say everybody
should have the Synthroid (a synthetic thyroid hormone) and thats correct, but they also
should have some T3 as well.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

I cant tell you how many patients Ive seen and


Dr. Sonkin used to put patients on T4 and then
hed add T3 and he said he would watch them
bloomand thats true because a whole lot of
people cant convert T4 to T3 and there are all
sorts of other issues involved.

12 to 15 percent of
Americans have thyroid
antibodies, and the people
whose antibodies are
attacking their own thyroid
are the Hashimotos type
patients. Almost anybody
who has thyroid antibodies
is going to have trouble.

But the people with Hashimotos typically


need compounded T4 and T3. Iodine is crucial
in all thyroid patients, but a lot of the people
with thyroid antibodies do not tolerate iodine
whatsoever. If you start detoxifying them, theres
something offered by Standard Process Vitamins called Iodomere, and that has 200
micrograms in a whole food type of vitamin.

And after a period of just weeks or months, you can typically give them one of those
a day or sometimes one every three days, and very, very gradually increase the iodine
because iodine resolves autoimmunity, and it prevents all sorts of allergies.
Theres huge list for iodine and what it can do in my book and most of it is taken from
David Derry. Hes an MD and PhD who did a lot of research on iodine and thyroid. He
has a book called Breast Cancer and Iodine, and thats an extremely important book
although I wouldnt say its the best written book. But it has some extremely important
information in there.
So I start everybody on some form of iodine if possible because I think one of the main
causes of mild adrenal deficiency is the fact that all of our iodine receptors (and every cell
in the body has iodine receptors and the hormone producing tissues in particular have a
large number of iodine receptors) are full of fluorine, chlorine, and bromine.

I start everybody on some form


of iodine if possible because I
think one of the main causes
of mild adrenal deficiency is
the fact that all of our iodine
receptors are full of fluorine,
chlorine, and bromine.

You know, basically, iodized table salt doesnt


do squat. Its poorly absorbed and itll prevent
most goiters, but thats about it. So theres
another book, Iodine: Why You Need It, Why
You Cant Live Without It. Its a good book. (I
have a lot of references in my book.)
Buczynski: Who was the author of that other
book?

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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Starr: David Brownstein and he has done a lot of research on iodine, and iodine is
extremely important.
Buczynski: Let me just say, David Brownstein will be speaking at our Conference in
Hilton Head this yearthe Psychology of Health, Immunity, and Disease Conference.
Dr. Starr will as well, so anyone that can should plan on coming. Thats several months
away, and that gives you some time to plan for a trip to the ocean in Hilton Head, South
Carolina, too.
Many, many of the people weve been talking to this year in our teleseminar series
will be coming to that. And yes, I know Dr. Brownstein is very, very concerned about
iodine as an issue. So, what other, beyond that, would you say? What are some other
treatments?
Starr: Sure. My chapter on mild adrenal deficiency, actually the name of the chapter
is Why Patients Dont tolerate Desiccated Thyroid, and the subtitle is Iodine and Mild
Adrenal Deficiency.
Anyway, if you give an increasing dosage of iodine, which you cant do with the
Hashimotos patients, but most of the Type 2 people you can, and when you do, a lot of
the mild adrenal deficiency will resolve just by using the iodine properly.
And then, you can give them the thyroid without having to worry about their intolerance
because a whole lot of folks, I would say the majority of the patients I see do not tolerate
desiccated thyroid if you dont give them some other support as well, like desiccated
adrenal, Lugols iodine (a solution of elemental iodine and potassium iodide in water),
Prolamine Iodine or whatever because their adrenals are too stressed out from having
all the poisons in their body.
I say if iodine doesnt resolve their mild
adrenal deficiency, then they probably
have an infection in their mouth.
And I learned how to do muscle testing
10 years ago and I do muscle testing. I
used to send off urines, 24-hour urines
for the adrenal steroids. I used to send
off food allergy testing, and I used to
do all sorts of stuff, but I just do muscle
testing more these days. And its a

If you give an increasing dosage


of iodine, which you cant do with
the Hashimotos patients, but
most of the Type 2 people you can,
and when you do, a lot of the mild
adrenal deficiency will resolve just
by using the iodine properly...

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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

whole lot easier to tell what works when you


can do kinesiology. I know its not accepted
and its not exactly scientific, but as far as
clinical treatment goes, it (muscle testing)
certainly has helped me determine what
patients need.
And it doesnt work all the time, like nothing
works all the time, but it certainly helps keep
my cell phone from ringing. And I see a whole
lot of sick people and I just went on vacation
for a week and I think I only had one or two
problems the whole week.

If iodine doesnt resolve


their mild adrenal deficiency,
then they probably have an
infection in their mouth. As
far as clinical treatment goes,
muscle testing certainly has
helped me determine what
patients need.

So anyway, lets get back to iodine and the teeth. The teeth are so important. And
detoxification, and like I said glandular adrenal stuff is a good starting point. The people
with lots of teeth problems may need a low dose of cortisol, or prednisone if they have
arthritis or asthma.
I have patients that come in who are on prednisone for their autoimmune disease or
asthma, or what have you. And you cant stop it, you have to slowly you know, they
may need a little bit long term, but I think if you can Dr. Tennant for instance, my
friend Jerry Tennant, he has whats called the Tennant Rules.
It doesnt matter what illness you have, if you follow his certain set of rules, you get well.
And thats pretty remarkable, but the body is an amazing machine and if you give it the
proper nutrition and enough energy, and reduce the toxic load and chronic infections, and
the jaw bone and the teeth, then its able to heal itself.
And like I said, it doesnt matter what the illness is, if you follow his paradigm basically,
you can get well. And of course there are exceptions, I see really old folks with no
voltage, and theyre terribly low thyroid, and every tooth in their mouth is metal or
infected, or what have you, and they are a challenge because they cant afford to get their
teeth fixed and theyre just in the tank. So as I say in my book, its a whole lot easier to
help the young before they get to be so severely ill.
Buczynski: Prevention.
Starr: Yes.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

The body is an amazing machine


and if you give it the proper nutrition
and enough energy, and reduce the
toxic load and chronic infections...
then its able to heal itself. Its a
whole lot easier to help the young
before they get to be so severely ill .

Buczynski: How about diet? Is there


anything that you would say about diet
and treatment?
Starr: Well, the most important thing
is that they get plenty of good fats.
Buczynski: Okay, and what would
you consider good fats?

Starr: Well, milk, organic meats, organic cage-free eggs, and marine tidal plankton is
probably one of the more important things that are in my armamentarium (the medicines,
equipment, and techniques available to a medical practitioner) but the single celled
marine tidal plankton is extremely well absorbed. You know high in good fats and
probably the most nutritious stuff on the planet. So, I use a lot of Standard Process,
which are organic, whole food vitamins
Buczynski: You talk about magnesium in your book.
Starr: Yes. Yes, magnesiums extremely important. One of my friends is Carolyn
Bean. She has a book, The Miracle of Magnesium. Magnesium helps, gosh, you can get
depressed from just being magnesium deficient, and have heart disease and high blood
pressure.
There are 300 enzymes in the body that are
magnesium dependent. I often see people with
bad stomachs. I have a topical magnesium oil or
gel. I cant think of the company right now, but
theres some good topical magnesium because
if you take too much orally, especially if you
have a bad stomach, it cause diarrhea, like milk
of magnesiumso giving it topically is a good
choice for a lot of the sick people I see

The single celled marine


tidal plankton is extremely
well absorbed... high in good
fats and probably the most
nutritious stuff on the planet.

Buczynski: Norm Shealy, who is also on NICABMs board, and has given several
teleseminars and will be speaking again this year in Hilton Head, refers to magnesium
as the poor mans valium. He just says that psychiatrically, magnesium has some
properties that will help elevate mood and should be looked at as the possibility of a
magnesium deficiency if youre dealing with some of the psychiatric issues.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

Starr: Right. And if youre magnesium deficient,


then your heart is much more irritable, and when
you give patients desiccated thyroid, they can
have an irregular heart beat, or atria fibrillation, so
you have to be careful.

Magnesiums extremely
important. There are 300
enzymes in the body that
are magnesium dependent.

You have to give the patients magnesium as well


as the iodine, and glandular adrenal support before
you start your thyroid (treatment). Or even their T4 and T3even Hashimoto patients
need desiccated adrenal and other support things so they can tolerate the synthetic
thyroid.
Its not good to detoxify somebody when theyre extremely illtheir livers not working,
their kidneys not working very well, their circulations poor. So you really have to try
to get them a little bit better before you can try to detoxify them. Although, Id say, the
Procaine works on everybody. It really turns people around in a hurry its called PD7.
Buczynski: Okay. Now, I imagine that some of the practitioners listening today would
have someone in mind, one of their patients that theyre thinking about, and wondering
if they should have a work-up to see if they have some thyroid issues. How can they
determine a good practitioner to send them to?

Its not good to detoxify


somebody when theyre
extremely illtheir livers not
working, their kidneys not
working very well, and their
circulations poor.

Starr: Well, I have a list of practitioners, but


there arent that many, because a lot of them
dont want to be on the list. They want to
stay under the radar. Its difficult. Thats why
I moved away from friends and familynot
from choice, from necessity, to be able to
make a living and work as a doctor.

So people can contact me and I can tell them who I would recommend. My e-mail is
mstarrmd@yahoo.com and my website is 21centurymed.com. Dr. Tennants website
is tennantinstitute.com. So, brodabarnes.org is another good website. What else
stopthethyroidmadness.com is a good website. aboutthyroid.com is a good website. They
have lists of doctors that patients recommend on those websites.
Buczynski: Thank you. Im very sorry, but were just about out of time. That went by so
fast. Ive taken lots of notes here today, and I imagine many people listening on the call
here have as well.
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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

I want to thank everyone for being a part of this call. In just a few minutes, well be
sending you an e-mail.to the thousands of people that have been participating here.
And in the e- mail, were going to do a couple of things. First of all, were going to send
you a link to Marks book. The title of the book again is Hypothyroidism Type 2: The
Epidemic, and the author is Mark Starr, MD.
Were going to send you a link and that will be an easy way for you to check out more
information about it. Well put the link to Amazon. If you do want to buy it, thats
probably the least expensive place to buy. But Im not pushing thatYou could print out
the link and go to your library and see if theyve got it, or if theyll be willing to buy it,
but its certainly something that you will want to check out.
In addition to that, were also going to send you a link to our comment board. Come to
the comment board tonight and tell us how youre going to use what you heard on this
call. When you do, please put in your first and your last name, your profession, and your
city and state, or country, and then tell us how youre going to use what you heard, and if
it reminds you of particular patients or symptoms that youve seen
Meanwhile, thank you so much, no matter where youre calling from, and we have
people that are here today right now from all kinds of time zones listening to this call.
Thank you so much for participating, and Mark, especially to you. Thanks for your work
and Im looking forward to seeing you in Hilton Head this December, and thanks for
giving us your time on this call.
Starr: Youre welcome, glad to be here.
Buczynski: And you take care goodnight everyone.

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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic

References:
Barnes, B. (1976). Hypothyroidism: the Unsuspected Illness . HarperCollins.
Barnes, B. (1976). Solved the Riddle of Heart Attacks. Fries Communications.
Brownstein, D. (2009). Iodine: Why You Need it, Why You Cant Live Without It. Medical
Alternative Press.
Dean, C. (2007). The Magnesium Miracle. NY: Ballantine Books.
Derry, D. (2001). Breast Cancer and Iodine : How to Prevent and How to Survive Breast
Cancer. B.C., Canada: Trafford Publishing.
Kraus, H. (1988). Diagnosis and Treatment of Muscle Pain. Quintessence Pub Co..
Kulacz, R., Levy, T.E., & Jones, J.E. (2002). The Roots of Disease: Connecting Dentistry
& Medicine. Xlibris..
Tennant, J.L. (2010). Healing is Voltage: The Handbook. CreateSpace.

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Hypothyroidism: A Rapidly Growing Epidemic


Dr. Mark Starr graduated from the
University of Missouri Medical School in
1990. He finished his residency in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at the
University of Missouri, Rusk Rehabilitation Center in 1994. For the following
two years, he studied in New York City
with several of the worlds premier pain
specialists.

In addition to continued study, Dr.
Starr received treatments for his chronic
back and neck pain. During this time, Dr.
Starr also studied with Dr. Sonkin, a renowned New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center endocrinologist, who worked
closely with Dr. Kraus for thirty years.

Hypothyroidism Type 2:
The Epidemic

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