Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CH 19
CH 19
by John Loucks
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Chapter 19
Maintenance Management
Overview
Introduction
Repair Programs
Preventive Maintenance (PM) Programs
Machine Reliability
Secondary Maintenance Department Responsibilities
Trends in Maintenance
Maintenance Issues in Service Organizations
Wrap-Up: What World-Class Companies Do
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Equipment Malfunctions
Maintenance Departments
Maintenance Activities
Repairs
Repair activities are reactive.
Breakdowns and malfunctions typically occur
when equipment is in use.
Standby machines and parts can speed repairs.
Preventive Maintenance (PM)
Regularly scheduled inspections are performed.
PM activities are performed before equipment
fails.
PM is usually performed during idle periods.
Minimum
Level of
Preventive
Maintenance
Total
Maintenance
Costs
Preventive
Maintenance
Cost
Breakdown
and Repair
Cost
Degree of Preventive Maintenance
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Maintenance Policy
Emphasize preventive maintenance
Provide extra machines
Replace machine parts early
Involve operators in maintenance
Overdesign machines
Design machines for maintainability
Enhance maint. dept.s capability
Increase spare parts supply
Increase standby machines
Increase in-process inventories
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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Repair Programs
Objectives
Get equipment back into operation as quickly as
possible.
Control cost of repairs crews.
Control cost of the operation of repair shops.
Control the investment in replacement spare parts.
Control the investment in standby or backup
machines.
Perform the appropriate amount of repairs at each
malfunction.
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11
0
Slow
Total Costs
of Repairs
Cost of Repair
Crews & Shops,
Spare Parts, and
Standby Machines
Cost of
Interruptions to
Production
Fast
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Breakdowns Trigger
Repairs and Corrective Actions
An equipment breakdown should trigger two actions:
Fast repair of the malfunction equipment
Development of a program to eliminate cause of the
malfunction and need for such repairs in the future
Modification/redesign of malfunctioning machine
Modification/redesign of part or product being
processed
Training of operators to improve machine care
More frequent preventive maintenance/inspection
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Extent of Repairs
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ts 1 ( )
2 = 1/( )
= 12.5 machines per hour
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18
5
10
0
900
1500
0
15
20
1800
2700
900
1800
P(SNi)
.143
.238
3000 4500
1500 3000
0
1500
900
.333
0
.286
$2,643.00
$1,486.20
$ 900.60
$1,114.20
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Scheduling PM Activities
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PM Database Requirements
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Modern Approaches to PM
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Decision Analysis in PM
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where:
Bn = expected number of breakdowns for each of the
PM policies
pn = probability that a breakdown will occur between
PM inspections when PM is performed every n
periods
N = number of machines in group
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Example: PM Frequency
It costs $6,000 to perform PM on a group of four
machines. The cost of down time and repairs, if a
machine malfunctions between PM inspections, is
$8,000.
How often should PM be performed to minimize
the expected cost of malfunction and the cost of PM?
(The machines breakdown history is on the next
slide.)
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Example: PM Frequency
Probability That a
Machine Will Malfunction
0.2
0.3
0.5
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Example: PM Frequency
n
B1 = 4(0.2) = 0.800
B2 = 4(0.2 + 0.3) + 0.8(0.2) = 2.160
B3 = 4(0.2 + 0.3 + 0.5) + 2.16(0.2) + 0.8(0.3) = 4.672
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Example: PM Frequency
Exp. Weekly
PM
Exp.
Number Exp. Weekly Total
Every Number of BDs Cost of Cost Weekly
n Wks. Of BDs per Wk. BDs of PM
Cost
1
0.800
0.800 $6,400 $6,000 $12,400
2
2.160
1.080
8,640 3,000 11,640
3
4.672
1.557 12,456 2,000 14,456
The policy that minimizes total weekly cost is:
perform PM every 2 weeks.
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Large-Scale PM Projects
Approaches to Improving
Machine Reliability
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Trends in Maintenance
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End of Chapter 19
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