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Protection and Control Communications With IEC 61850
Protection and Control Communications With IEC 61850
Discussion leader
Eric A. Udren
43 year distinguished career in design & application of protective relaying, control, and communications systems.
Executive Advisor with Quanta Technology, LLC of Raleigh, NC in 2008.
Developing substation protection and control upgrading strategies for major North American utilities, relay
application research and design, and new data communications applications.
Developed software for the worlds first computer-based relaying system.
S
Supervised
i d relaying
l i and
d control
t l software
ft
d
development
l
t ffor th
the iindustrys
d t fi
firstt d
development
l
t off a LAN
LAN-based
b
d
integrated protection and control system.
Designed the first interface of a microprocessor protective relay to an optical current sensor.
Developed the technical strategy for some of the most progressive utility LAN-based substation protection and
control upgrading programs using IEC 61850 and other data communications, including technical design for utility
enterprise integration of substation information.
IEEE Fellow.
Chairman of two IEEE Power System Relaying Committee (PSRC) Standards Working Groups
Chair of PSRC Relaying Communications Subcommittee.
Received the PSRC Distinguished Service Award in 2001 and again in 2006.
Member of IEC TC 57 Working Group 10 responsible for IEC 61850.
Technical
ec ca Advisor
d so to
o the
e US National
a o a Co
Committee
ee o
of IEC
C for
o TC
C 95, Measuring
easu g Relays.
e ays
Member of NERC System Protection and Control Subcommittee (SPCS, formerly SPCTF).
Member of NERC Protection System Maintenance Standard Drafting Team. (PRC-005-2)
Has written and presented over 80 technical papers and chapters of books on relaying topics, and has taught
courses on protection, control, communications, and integration. 2011 GA Tech PRC Walter A. Elmore Best Paper
Award; IEEE Prize Paper Award.
Holds 8 patents on relaying and power-system communications.
Page 2
SUBSTA.
LAN
Page 3
Page 4
Page 5
Management
Dashboard
Substation
S
b t ti
LAN
Planning &
models
Maintenance
CORPORATE
WAN with
firewalls & push
servers
Asset
Managementt
M
Substation
LAN
Protection
& Control
Engineering
& models
Page 6
Page 7
Carry
High-speed
Messages
M
& relay
l llogic
i replace
l
wires,
i
control switches, lockout switches.
Dramatic
Can
Page 8
Page 9
Page 10
IEC61850 Communicationnetworksand
systemsforpowerutilityautomation
N t just
Not
j t a protocol
t
l includes
i l d ffunction
ti modeling
d li standards.
t d d
Page 11
Page 12
Multiple services.
Standardized
configuration
process
Models for
P&C functions &
points
IEC 61850
Architecture
Switchyard
sampled value
streaming
Ti
Time
synch
with SNTP
Ethernet
LAN/WAN
High-speed
GOOSE control
messaging
TCP/IP
TCP/IP,
UDP/IP,
Layer 2
multicast
COMTRADE
Fault records
Page 13
US approach UCA 2
2000-2012
One standard
1996
IEC 61850
IEC 61850
May 2000
Asheville, NC
Page 14
Ethernet
Conventional
point to point
wiring
Standard
objects
objects,
models,
& point
descriptions
Page 15
Part 2: Glossary
Part 3: General Requirements
Part 4: System & Project Management
Mapping to Ethernet
Configuration
Part 10:
Conformance Testing
Page 16
Page 17
Layer
Name
Function
Application
Meaningofthedata(utilityuserspecifics)
Presentation
Buildingblocksofdataandencryptionforsecurity
Session
Openingandclosingspecificcommunicationspaths
Transport
Errorchecking
Network
Determiningthedatapathswithinthenetwork
DataLink
Li k
Datatransmission,sourceanddestination,checksum
i i
dd i i
h k
Physical
Signallevels,connections,wires,fiber,wireless
Page 18
ISO CO Presentation
ISO CO Session
RFC1006 - ISO TP0
TCP
IP
p Profile
Transport
Ethernet
Fiber, Twisted Pair Cu
Page 19
GOOSE
Sampled
Values
Client - server
communications
Mapping
GOOSE&
SampledValues:
Layer2multicast
High-speed messaging
on LAN skip WAN
layers
aye s a
and
dp
processing
ocess g
delays
MMS
IP
TCP
Page 20
10
SCADA
Substation
Host
Relay 1
MU - CT
Stationbusmappings(81)
ForSCADA,protection,control,and
informationfortheenterprise
ObjectsonMMSandTCP/IPlayers
Obj t
MMS d TCP/IP l
GOOSE(onDataLinklayer2)
Timesynch(SNTP)[LaterIEEE
1588/C37.232]
Station Bus
IED2
Relay 3
Process Bus
MU - VT
Page 21
The bulk of the standard (Parts 7-1, -2, -3, -4; new 75, new applications) describes object modeling
methods.
Page 22
11
Data
StV
Ph 1 Ph 2
Pos
LN1
LN2
Data Class
Logical Node
(1 to n)
(MMXU)
(XCBR)
Logical Device
Logical Device
(1 to n)
(IED1)
Physical Device
Physical Device
(network address)
Page 23
Each
E
h substation
b
i ffunction
i may use one or more other
h
logical nodes to perform its job (e.g., distance protection
needs measurements from logical nodes CT and VT).
Page 24
12
P: protection (28)
X: switchgear (2)
C: control (5)
G: generic (3)
Grounding Switch
Q8_L1/XSWI
Circuit Breaker
Q0_L1/XCBR
Gas density monitoring
Q0_L1/SIMS
Page 25
Control
Q0/CSWI
Q8/CSWI
Q9/CSWI
Bay-HMI
IHMI
Distance Protection
PDIS
Primary equipment
Control house
equipment
Page 26
13
Accessing data
Tree view
IED1
+
+
-
PTOC
RREC
XCBR
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
IED1/XCBR.Pos
Mode
Beh
Health
Name
Loc
EEHealth
EEName
O C t
OperCnt
Pos
BlkOpen
BlkClos
ChMotEna
CBOpCap
POWCap
(Mode)
(Behavior )
(Health)
(Name plate)
(Local operation)
(External equipment)
(External equipment name plate)
(O
(Operation
ti counter)
t )
(Switch position)
(Block opening)
(Block closing)
(Charger motor enabled)
(Circuit breaker operating capability)
(Point On Wave switching capability)
Page 27
Accessing data
IED1
+
+
-
PTOC
RREC
XCBR
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
IED1/XCBR.Pos.stVal
Mode
Beh
Health
Name
Loc
EEHealth
EEName
OperCnt
Pos
ctlVal
stVal
pulseConfig
operTim
q
(Mode)
(Behavior )
(Health)
(Name plate)
(Local operation)
(External equipment)
(External equipment name plate)
(Operation counter)
((Switch position)
p
)
intermediate-state
off
on
bad-state
(0)
(1)
(2)
(3)
more
2013 Quanta Technology LLC
Page 28
14
By Karlheinz Schwarz,
Schwarz
Netted Automation GmBH
See
http://www.nettedautomation.com/qanda/iec61850/information-service.html#Q1
Page 29
In MMS notation:
Page 30
15
Page 31
Time synchronization
Requirement
equ e e t for
o ttime
e sy
synchronization
c o at o o
of waveform
a eo
sampling for process bus merging units is 1 to 10
microseconds, tighter for synchrophasors.
Page 32
16
Time synchronization
Page 33
Page 34
17
Page 35
18
Dramatic
Many
Status
points,
points control including tripping and
lockout, high-speed analog values.
Can
Page 37
Works with other IEC 61850 services, or without them (e.g., with
60870-5 or DNP3 polling for SCADA)
Page 38
19
A process to continuously
continuously send intended state from
transmitting IED like a contact that picks up and drops out
at critical moments.
Page 39
Page 40
20
Any other relay or IED can subscribe to (view contents from) the
streams it needs.
Page 41
Page 42
21
Message
number
b
Intervalfrom
previous,ms
i
Time
mark,ms
k
N/A
12
16
28
32
60
64
124
128
252
256
508
512
1s
GE UR V5.70 example:
Page 43
2011Penwell&Quanta
2013 Quanta Technology LLC
TechnologyLLC
44
Page 44
22
Page 45
Page 46
23
Signal
g
waits milliseconds for the input
p p
processing
g
program logic loop to notice it and react.
Page 47
A lot of wiring.
Page 48
24
Page 49
Line Relay
System A
System A
Ethernet Switch
System A
Monitor
IED
Xfmr Relay
System A
System A
2013 Quanta Technology LLC
Page 50
25
Engineering of mission
critical substation
Ethernet network
Page 51
52
Page 52
26
Settings management
This is a big need for all 61850 services and systems, and
all new complex relays and IEDs!
Page 53
DNP3 has no high speed data or control ability like GOOSE or Sampled Values
LAN can carry mixed traffic e.g. DNP3 metering and status, non61850 legacy device traffic, plus GOOSE for wiring elimination.
Page 54
27
International application
improved models
Expanded structure
Improved clarity
TISSUES (bugs)
(b
) cleared
l
d
Page 56
28
Between substations
To control centers
Communications and
application modeling across
the entire power system
Integration with enterprise
systems
Interfaces with popular
SCADA and control protocols
Wide-area high-speed data &
control services with security
Page 57
Modeling
Power Quality
Page 58
29
Testing improvements
Edition 1 required expedient user construction of
testing facilities (mainly with GOOSE).
Edition 2
Mirroring/feeding
/f
back control information
f
Isolation of functions in service
Interlocking test methods
Page 59
Page 60
30
Page 61
IEC 61850-80-2/IEEE
1815.1 Exchanging
Information between
networks implementing IEC
61850 and IEEE 1815
(DNP3)
61850
61850
61850
Protection
Bay Controller
DNP Master
DNP Outstation
Gateway
IEC
61850
Device
IEC
61850
Device
IEC
61850
Device
IEC
61850
Device
Page 62
31
Page 63
Page 64
32
?
?
Proxy
B1
Function
A2
Station B
Function
B1
Function
B2
Transparent Tunnel
Page 65
Transformers, LTCs
GIS
Lines, UG cables
Sta. batteries
Page 66
33
Ethernet network&
physical layers were black
box you make it work.
Now comprehensive
guidance on reliable
network design.
Page 67
Rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) from IT and redundancy simple and
fine!
C-frame
source
destinations
DANH
DANH
CPU
switch
interlink
RedBox
CPU
D-frame
A-frame
(HSR)
B-frame
(HSR)
CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU
CPU
DANH
DANH
DANH
DANH
DANH
destinations
Page 68
34
Page 69
IEC 61850-90-9: IEC 61850 object models for battery storage systems.
IEC 61850
61850-90-11
90 11 Modeling of
programmable logic per IEC 61499.
Page 70
35
Page 71
Product development
Page 72
36
Page 73
DNP3 Pros
Debugged, stable
DNP3 Cons
Page 74
37
This is an IT network.
Page 75
61850 progress
Page 76
38
2.
Develop specifications.
3.
Develop
p Request
q
for Information ((RFI)) with specs.
p
4.
5.
7.
Full specifications.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Field trials.
13.
14.
Page 77
39
Move some measurement and control out to the yard, closer to the
power apparatus
apparatus.
Just a few wires left - we still have to get dc and station service
power out to the yard.
Page 79
Process bus
Page 80
40
Ethernet Network
Communications
P
1 OR
MORE
A/D
Subsystem
M
U
X
SAMPLE
AND
HOLD
LP FILTER
LP FILTER
CTs,
VTs
LP FILTER
Relay Output
Relay Output
Trip and
alarm
circuits
Relay Output
POWER SUPPLY
Contact Inputs
Status
contacts
Control House
Substation
LAN
Switchyard
S/H & Filter
Comm.
Controller
O/E
A/D
Subsystem
M
U
X
Optical fibers
Comm.
Controller
Process Bus
LAN
Relay Output
Comm.
Controller
Comm.
Controller
O/E
A/D
Subsystem
M
U
X
Relay Output
Page 81
SCADA
Substation
Host
Relay1
y
MU - CT
IED2
Process Bus
Relay
y3
MU - VT
Page 82
41
Merging unit
Line Protection
Bus Protection
Ethernet
Controller
Ethernet
Controller
IEC 61850-9-2
Process Bus
Ethernet Switch
EOVT
fiber
Merging Unit
with
Combined
ECT and EVT
MOCT
fiber
C37 92 OVT
C37.92
C37.92 OCT
Conventional CTs
Conventional VTs
Page 83
Application layer directly accesses link layer for speed same as GOOSE
messaging no TCP/IP
Use p
priority
y 4 due to criticalityy or messages,
g , same as GOOSE
Page 84
42
Notes
Preamble
Start of frame
Octets
1
2
3
4
8
TPID
TCI
Service
Sampled Values
CFI
VID
VID
Default VID
Default priority
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
.
m + 26
.
.1517
.
.
.
.1521
Destination address
Refer to Address
Fields section.
Header
MAC
Source address
Priority
tagged
TPID
TCI
Refer to Priority
Tagging/VirtualLAN
section.
Ethertype
Length Start
APPID
Length (m + 8)
Reserved 1
Reserved 2
Ethertype PDU
Refer to Ethertype
and Other Header
Information
section.
Page 85
Page 86
43
Page 87
Page 88
44
Page 89
Design concept of big ring station/process bus does not separate the zones
of protection zones share merging units and communications.
Relay engineers are used to separating zones of protection for reliability &
g
failure mode handling.
Page 90
45
Works with
ith toda
todays
s GE UR rela
relays.
s
Page 91
Images
courtesy
GE Multilin
2013 Quanta Technology LLC
Page 92
46
GE HardFiber components
Images
courtesy
GE Multilin
Page 93
GE HardFiber components
Indoors:
Cross connect
panel.
Fibers to/from
relays.
Flexible easy
patching of Brick
cores to multiple
GE UR relays.
Images
courtesy
GE Multilin
2013 Quanta Technology LLC
Page 94
47
GE HardFiber components
Page 95
Image
courtesy
GE Multilin
2013 Quanta Technology LLC
Page 96
48
9-2 LE is an implementation
guideline,
id li
nott partt off 61850 standard.
t d d
Page 97
Every vendor can adapt its products to work with this standard
without big hardware changes.
Page 98
49
Ratcliffe indoor
substation
Page 99
Page 100
50
Wire only the CTs and CVTs back to the control house.
Page 101
Questions?
Page 102
51