MATHEMATICS

C L A SS R O O M A SS I G N M E N T M AT H E M AT I C S
BATCH: XIIC
Q3

Q4.
Q5.

VECTORS

CRA NO: 100

Let a = 2 i + j 2 k and b = i + j . If c is a vector such that

between ( a x b ) and c is 30, then |( a x b ) x c | =
2
3
(a)
(b*)
(c) 2
3
2
If
to

p , q, r

If

a , b, c

p q

which

denote the vectors

respectively.

b c, c a , a b

and

. c = | c |, | c

b c
2

| = 2 2 and the angle

(d) 3

respectively, show that

are non coplanar unit vectors such that a ( b c)

makes with

is parallel to

q r, b

to

r p, c

, b and c are non parallel, then find the angles

, =
4

Ans.

3
4
Q6.

be a unit vector and b be a non zero vector not parallel to a

. Find the angles of the triangle, two sides of which are
Let a
. b )a
.
represented by the vectors 3 (a b) and b (a

Q7.

Find the scalars and , if a ( b c) (a . b) b ( 4 2 sin ) b ( 2 1) c . And

and c are non collinear vectors and , rescalars.

,nZ
2

Q8.

Show that:

Q9.

If

Q10.

If a , b, c are three non coplanar vectors and

(i) a .a b.b c. c 1
1
(iii) [a b c]
[a b c ]

[ a p b q c r ] [ a q b r c p] [ a r b p c q ] 0

a , b, c

are vectors such that

| b | |c |

, prove that

{(a b) (a c )} ( b c).( b c) 0

form a reciprocal system of vectors, then prove that

(ii) a .b a .c 0; b.c b.a 0; c.a c.b 0

a , b, c

(iv)

a , b, c

are non coplanar iff so are a , b, c.

Q11.

If a , b, c and a , b, c. be the reciprocal system of vectors, prove that

(i) a .a b.b c. c 3
(ii) a a b b c c 0

Q12.

If e1 , e 2 , e 3

and e1 , e2 , e3

where b
Ans. = 1, = 2n +

( c . c )a c

are two sets of non coplanar vectors such that for i = 1, 2, 3, we have

1, if i j
, then show that [ e1 , e 2 , e 3 ] [ e1 , e2 , e3 ] = 1.
0, if i j
r
If the vectors b , c , d are not coplanar, then prove that the vector, ( a x
r
a x d ) x ( b x c ) is parallel to a
ei , ej

Q13.
Q14.

r
) x ( c x d) + ( a x

r
) x ( dx

)+(

,c
and a
be , an angle between c
, b
be three non coplanar unit vectors. The angle between b and c
be
Let a

c
cos

and between a and b be . If A( a cos ), B( b cos ) and C(

), then show that

| a ( b c) | | b (c a ) | | c (a b ) |
| a (b c) |

,
where
sin A
sin B
sin C
1 |
|
sin cos cos n

n1
Q15.

c)
)
(b
(c a )
(a b
, n 2
and n3
c |
| .
| c a |
|b
| a b

orthogonal to 2i j k
and with its projection along i j k

Find a vector in the plane i j 2k and i 2j k

r 9j 9k
equal to 6 3 .
Ans.

Topic : Vectors

Pg : 1 / 6

MATHEMATICS
Q1

ur
ur
ur
ur
Let a = i - j , b = j k , c = k i and d is a unit vector such that a . d = 0 = [ b c d ]. Find d
)
) )
i j 2k

Ans:

6
Q2

If b and c are any two orthogonal unit vector and a is any vector . Evaluate ( a . b ) b + ( a . c ) c + a .( b x c )
(b xc )
Ans: a

Q3

The position vectors of the vertices A, B, C of a tetrahedron ABCD are i + j + k , i , 3 i respectively. The altitude from
the vertex D to the opposite face ABC meets the median line through A of triangle ABC at a point E. If the length of the side
2 2
AD is 4 and the volume of the tetrahedron is
, find position vector E
Ans: 3 i j k or i +3 j +3 k
3

Q4

Let a , b , c be non coplanar unit vectors, equally inclined to one another at an angle . If a x b + b x c = p a +q b
+r c , find scalars p, q, r in terms of
Ans:
p
=
r
=
r
1
2 cos
,q
1 2 cos
1 2 cos

Q5

Q6

r
r
For any two vectors u and v , prove that
r r 2
r r 2 r 2 r 2
(i) ( u . v ) + ( u x v ) = | u | | v |

r
r
r r
r r r r
(ii) (1 + | u |2) (1 + | v |2) = (1 u . v )2 + ( u + v + u x v )2

r
r
ur
ur
ur
r
r
r
r ur
1
Let u and v be unit vectors. If w is a vector such that w + ( w x u ) = v , then prove that | u x v . w |
and that
2
r
r
equality holds if only if u is perpendicular to v

Q7.

Let ABC and PQR be any two triangles in the same plane. Assume that the perpendicular from the points A, B, C to the sides
QR, RP , PQ respectively are concurrent. Using vector methods, prove that the perpendiculars from P, Q, R to BC, CA, AB
respectively are also concurrent

Q8.

Show, by vector methods, that the angular bisectors of a triangle are conurrent and find and expression for the position vector
r r r
aa bb cc
of the point of concurrency in terms of the position vectors of the vertices.
Ans:
abc

are three non coplanar vectors, prove that p q

1
a.p

[a b b c c a ] a
.q

b.p

b.q

c.p .

c.q

Q9.

If

Q10.

If u , v, w , are three non coplanar unit vectors and , , are the angles between u and v , v and w
respectively and x , y, z are unit vectors along the bisectors of the angles , , , respectively. Prove that

a , b, c

[x y y z z x]
Q11.

Q12.

If

,w

and

[u v w ]2 sec 2 sec 2 sec 2 .

16
2
2
2

A = x1 a + y1 b + z1 c , B = x2 a + y2 b + z2 c , C = x3 a + y3 b + z3 c , prove that [ A B C ]

x1

z1

y1

x2
x3

z2
z3

y2 = [ a
y3

b c

If a , b , c are three given non coplanar vectors, show that any arbitrary vector r in space is expressible in the form

Topic : Vectors

Pg : 2 / 6

MATHEMATICS
1

a +

a.a

b.a

r .a

a.a

b.a

c.a

a.b
a.c

b.b
b.c

r .b
r.c

, = a.b

b.b
b.c

c.b
c.c

Q13.

a.c

c , where

1 =

r .a

b.a

c.a

r .b
r .c

b.b
b.c

c.b
c.c

, 2 =

a.a

r .a

c.a

a.b
a.c

r .b
r .c

c.b
c.c

, 3=

Let V be the volume of the parallelepiped formed by the vectors a = a1 i + a2 j + a3 k , b = bi i + b2 j + b3 k and

3

j + c3 k . If ar, br, cr, where r = 1, 2, 3 are non negative real numbers and
c = c1 i + c2

( ar + br + cr ) = 3L,

r 1

show that V L3
Q14.

A transversal cuts the sides OL, OM and diagonal ON of a parallelogram at A, B, C respectively. Prove that

OL OM ON

.
OA OB OC
Q15.

If O is the circumcentre and O the orthocenter of a triangle ABC, prove that

(i) SA SB SC 3 SG where S is any point in the plane of triangle ABC.
(iii) O A O B O C 2 O O

(ii) OA OB OC OO
(iv)

AO O B O C AP

where AP is a diameter of the circumcircle.

Q16.

If a , b , c be any three non coplanar vectors, then prove that the points

l1 l 2 l 3 l 4
m1 m 2 m 3 m 4
0.
l1 a m1 b n1 c, l 2 a m 2 b n 2 c, l 3 a m 3 b n 3 c and l 4 a m 4 b n 4 c are coplanar if
n1 n 2 n 3 n 4
1 1 1 1
Q17.

If any point O within or without a tetrahedron ABCD is joined to the vertices and AO, BO, CO, DO are produced to cut the
planes of the opposite faces in P, Q, R, S respectively, then prove that
OP OQ OR OS

1
AP BQ CR DS

Q1.

In a OAB, E is the midpoint of OB, and D is a point on AB such that AD : DB = 2 : 1. If OD and

AE interect at P, determine the ratio OP : OD using the vector method.
Ans: 3 : 5

Q2.

In a triangle ABC, D and E are points on BC and AC respectively, such that BD = 2DC and
AE = 3EC. Let P be the point of intersection of AD and BE. Find

BP
using vector methods.
PE
Ans:

Q3.

8
3

Prove by vector methods or otherwise, that the point of intersection of the diagonals of a trapezium
lies on the line passing through the midpoints of the parallel sides.

Topic : Vectors

Pg : 3 / 6

MATHEMATICS
Q4.

r r r r
r
r
Let a = i + j and b = 2 i k . Show that the point of intersection of the lines r x a b x a and
r r r r
r x b a x b is 3 i + j k

Q5.

Using vectors, show that the internal bisector angle A of a triangle ABC divides the side BC in the
ratio AB : AC

Q6.

Show that the internal bisectors of the angles of a triangle are concurrent.

C L A SS R O O M A SS I G N M E N T M AT H E M AT I C S
BATCH: XIIA, C
Q1.

VECTORS

CRA NO: 102.2

r r r r
r r
Solve the vector equation r x b a x b , where a , b are two given vectors
r r
r
Ans: r a y b

Q2.

r r
r
r r r r
r r
If a .b 0, find the vector r which satisfies the equation r x b c x b and r.a 0

Q3.

r r r r
r uu
c.a
Ans: r c r r
b
b.a
r r r
r
r
r
r
Solve the vector equation r x a b given that a and b are given vectors such that a . b = 0
r
r
1 r r
Ans: r xa r 2 a x b , where x R
|a|

Q4.

r r r r
r r
Solve the vector equation r x a kr b , where a , b are two given vectors and k is a given scalar.
r
1
Ans: r r 2
| a | k 2

Q5.

r r r
1 r r r
k a .b a kb a x b

u
rrr
r r
r
r
u
r
r
r
Let a , b and c be the unit vector such that a x b = c . Also, X is any vector such that Xbc =
urrr
3, Xca

urrr
= 4 and Xab

ur
r r
r
= 2. Find X in terms of a , b and c
ur
r
r r
Ans: X 3a 4b 2c

Q6.

r r r
r r r r rr
If a , b , c are three noncoplanar vectors, solve the vector equation r .a r .b r .c 1
r
1
Ans: r rrr
abc

Topic : Vectors

ax b

r r r r
+b x c + c x a

Pg : 4 / 6

MATHEMATICS
Q7.

uu
r uu
r r
r
r
r
uu
r
Let u and v be two given noncollinear unit vectors and w be a vector such that w w x u v .

r r uu
r 1
Then prove that | u x v .w
2

Q8.

r r r
r
Solve the vector equation for r : r x a b,

rr
a.b 0
r r
r r
r
r axb
axb
Ans: r r , r a r r
a .a
a .a

Q9.

r r r r
r
Solve for r : r r x a b, 0
r rr r
r r
r b a.b a / a x b
r r
Ans: r
2 a .a

Q10.

r r rr r r
r
Solve for r : r x a r.b c d

r r r r
r
r a x c xd x a
Ans: r a
, where is an arbitrary constant
r r
a .c

Q11.
Q12.

Q13.

rr r r r r r r r r r r
r.a b x c r.b c x a r .c a x b
r
r r r
r
rrr
If a, b, c are noncoplanar vectors and r is any vector, show that r
a b c

r r r r r r r r r r r r
r r
r 2
r rr
r r r
If p q r a, p x q b, q x r c, a .p 1, a .q 1 and| a | 3 , express p, q, r in terms of a, b, c

r 1 r r r r r
r 1 r r r r r
r 1 r r r r r
Ans: p a 2a x b a x c , q a a x b a x c , r a a x b 2a x c
3
3
3
r r r r r r r r
r r
r r
r rr
r r r
If p x q a, q x r b, p.b , p.q 1and q. r 1, , express p, q, r in terms of a, b, c
r r
r
r r r r r
r r r r r
r axb r

Ans: p r r 2 a x b a x a x b , p
, p r r 2 axbbx axb
|axb|
|axb|

r
r
r
Find the vector a = (a, y, z), which makes equal angles with the vectors b = (y, 2z, 3x) and c =
r
r
r
(2z, 3x y) and is perpendicular d = (1, 1, 2) with | a | = 2 3 and the angle between a and unit

Q14.

vector j is obtuse

Q15.

Ans: (2, 2, 2)
r r r
r r r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
r
2
Find the scalar and if a x b x c a .b b 4 2 sin b 1 c and c.c a c, b, c are noncollinear

Ans:
Q16.

r r r
r r r
r r r
Show that the vector equations r x a b and r x c d , where a, b, c are non coplanar, are consistent
only if

Q17.

,=1
2

rr rr
r
a.d b.c = 0 and solve for r

r r uu
r
Vectors u, v, w each of magnitude

r r uu
r
r
r
2 makes equal angles 60 with each other. If a = u x v x w , b

r uu
r r
r r
r r uu
r
r r r
r
= v x w x u and c = u x v , express u, v, w in terms of a, b, c

Topic : Vectors

Pg : 5 / 6

MATHEMATICS
uu
r 1 r r r r r
r uu
r r 1 r r r r r
r uu
r r 1 r r r r r
Ans: w a b x c a b , u w b a b x c a b , v w a a b x c a b

2
2
2

Q18.

r r r r r r r r r r r r rr 7 rr 3 rr
r r r
Let a, b, c be unit vectors such that a b c p, a x b x c q, a x b x c r , a.p , b.p , p.p 4 . Find
4
2
r rr
r r r
a, b, c in terms of p, q, r

rr
4r
a 4r, c q
3
Ans: r r r r r
4r r
b p a c p q 4r
3

Topic : Vectors

Pg : 6 / 6