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1.

IE1 ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT

SEMI FINALS EXAMINATION
SECOND SEMESTER SY 2014-2015
Multiple Choice. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before each number.
The process by which managers design the working relationship among the workers of the organization is known as:
A)planning.
B)leading.
C)organizing.
D)controlling

2.

According to __________ theory, managers should choose a structure that fits the circumstances affecting their
organization the most.
A) matrix
B) design
C) contingency
D) complexity

3.

If the external environment of an organization is stable and if uncertainty is low, then __________ coordination
among workers is needed to obtain resources and managers can bring __________ formality to the design of the
organizational structure.
A) more; more
B) more; less
C) less; more
D) less; less

4.

In general, the more complicated the technology, the __________ the need for a flexible organizational structure; and
the __________ routine the technology, the __________ appropriate is the use of a formal organizational structure.
A)greater; more; less
B)less; more; less
C)greater; more; more
D)greater; less; less

5.

At the corporate level, when mangers expand the scope of organizational activities by vertical integration, they
need to design a _________ structure to provide _________.
A) flexible; stability
C) flexible;
D)formal; stability
B)formal; coordination
coordination

6.

What are the factors that determine the routineness of technology?

A)task stability and task variety
C) task variety and task analyzability
B) task analyzability and task creativity
D)task creativity and task stability

7.

A nonroutine technology is characterized by ______ and ______.

A) low task analyzability/ low task variety
D)
B) high task analyzability/ high task variety
C) low task analyzability/ high task variety

8.

Managers should design flexible structures for their organization when:

A)its environment is stable
C)its workforce is highly skilled
B)its technology is simple
D)its strategy is well understood

9.

In general, the more highly skilled the organization's workforce and the more the workers are required to work
together in teams, the __________ likely the organization will use a __________ structure.
A)less; flexible
B)more; formalized
C)more; flexible
D)less; formalized

high

task

analyzability/

low

task

variety

10. In general, the greater the uncertainty in the organization's environment, the __________ complex the organization's
strategy; and the less skilled its workforce, the __________ likely that the organization will use a flexible
organizational structure.
A)less; less
B)more; more
C) more; less
D) less; more
11. In general, the more stable the organization's environment, the __________ complex its strategy; and the more
skilled its workforce, the __________ likely that the organization will use a formal organizational structure.
A)more; more
B)more; less
C) less; less
D) less; more
12. The process by which managers decide how to organize the tasks that workers need to do into the jobs that are
needed to produce the organization's goods or services is known as:
A) small-batch technology.
C) job design.
B) continuous-process technology.
D)mass-production technology.
13. McDonald's Corporation divides the tasks of "chefs" and "food servers" into two jobs in its restaurants. This is an
example of:
A)continuous-process technology.
C) job design.
B) divisional structure.
D)product structure.
14. Subway Corporation combined the jobs of "chef" and "food server" into a single job description. This is an example
of:
A)continuous-process technology.
C) a product structure.
B) job design
D) a divisional structure.
15. A manager increases the number of tasks that a subordinate has to do, in order to attempt to make the job more
interesting for the subordinate. This is called:
A)job simplification.
B) job enrichment.
C) job enlargement.
D) matrix structure

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16.

A manager redesigns the job of a subordinate so that the subordinate has more responsibility over his or her job.
This is called:
A)job enlargement.
B)job simplification.
C)job enrichment.
D)job reduction.
17. In general, job enlargement is based upon the premise that __________ the range of tasks performed by a worker will
__________ boredom and __________ the motivation of the worker to perform the job.
A)increasing; increase; increase
C)increasing; decrease; increase
B)decreasing; decrease; increase
D)decreasing; decrease; decrease
18. Too much job ________ may reduce efficiency if workers find their jobs _______.
A)enrichment; boring
C)simplification; boring
B)enlargement; meaningful
D)simplification; stressful
19. In general, managers who increase job enrichment are likely to increase the degree to which people __________.
A) behave rigidly
B) work within the
C) work flexibly
rules
D) become bored
20. The idea behind the concept of "job enrichment" is that __________ a worker's responsibility will __________ the
worker's involvement in his or her job and __________ the worker's interest in the quality of the goods the worker
produces.
A)increasing; decrease; decrease
C)increasing; increase; increase
B)decreasing; increase; increase
D)increasing; increase; decrease
21. The extent to which a job requires the worker to use a wide range of knowledge and abilities is known as:
A) task identity.
B) task significance.
C) skill variety.
D) autonomy.
22. The extent to which a job requires a worker to perform all of the tasks that are required to complete the job is
called:
A)skill variety.
B) task significance.
C) task identity.
D)feedback.
23. The __________ required for the job of chemical researcher for Monsanto Company is __________ than that required by
the job of "food server" in a McDonald's restaurant.
A) task significance; lower
C) skill variety; higher
B)autonomy; lower
D)task identity; lower
24. A craftsperson who carves a base from a piece of wood and assembles it with other parts into a lamp has
__________than a worker on an assembly line for Ford Motor Co. who installs the left front door on Ford Escorts as
they come done the line.
A)lower skill variety
C) higher task identity
B) lower task significance
D)lower autonomy
25. The degree to which a manager feels that his or her job is "meaningful" because of the way in which the job affects
other people is known as:
A)skill variety.
B)feedback.
C) task significance.
D) autonomy.
26. The degree to which a job allows the worker to schedule the tasks of the job and to decide how to carry out these
tasks is known as:
A) task significance.
B)task identity.
C) autonomy.
D)skill variety.
27. A counselor who works with the families of teenagers who are drug-dependent has ____________________ than a
worker who dries the left side of automobiles as they come through a car wash service.
A)lower task significance.
C) higher task significance
B)less autonomy
D)less task identity
28. A college professor has ________________ than a worker who flips burgers at a McDonald's restaurant.
A) less skill variety
C) higher task significance
B)lower autonomy
D)lower task identity
29. A salesperson who has the authority to decide on which prospective customers he will make a personal sales call
has ___________________ than an order taker at a Burger King Restaurant.
A)less autonomy
B)less
task
C) less task identity
significance
D)more autonomy
30. A commercial airline pilot has ___________________ than a statistician who works in the Office of the Budget in the
federal government.
A)less feedback
C) more feedback
D)
less
task
B)less task identity
significance

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31. The extent to which a job gives the worker direct and clear information about how well the worker is performing the
job is known as:
A)task identity.
B) autonomy.
C) feedback.
D)task significance.
32. According to Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Theory, the __________ workers feel that their work is
meaningful and that they are responsible for the work outcomes, the __________ motivating the work becomes and
the __________ likely the worker is to be satisfied by the work.
A)more; less; less
B)more; more; less
C) more; more; more
D)less; less; more
33. The relationship between all of the departments of the organization is called the _________ structure of the
organization.
A)Small-batch
B)Continuous-process
C) Functional
D)Market
34. The units of XYZ Corporation are grouped together such that the functions that work together to produce a product
are grouped together. This is known as a _________ structure.
A)Market
B)Mechanistic
C) Divisional
D)Functional
35. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of grouping jobs according to function?
A)People learn from observing each other
B)It encourages cooperation
C) Managers may lose sight of organizational goals
D)Employees in a function can more easily monitor the environment in their area of expertise
36. In XYZ Company, each product line is managed within a division. In each of these divisions, the division manager is
responsible for creating the business-level strategy for the product line. What type of structure is the organization
using?
A)Geographic
B)Market structure
D)Functional structure
structure
C)Product structure
37. Federal Express Corporation organizes its managers according to the different regions of the world in which the
managers work. This is an example of which type of organizational structure?
A)Market structure
C)
Geographic
D)Matrix structure
B)Customer structure
structure
38. ABC Company makes products which only vary slightly in different countries in which they are sold. ABC is likely to
be using a ____________, in which each ___________ takes responsibility for deciding on where to manufacture the
products and how to market them.
A) market structure; product division
C) global product structure; product division
B)global geographic structure; product division
D)global product structure; regional manager
39. In the design of an organization, another name for "market structure" is:
A)product structure.
B)geographic
C)customer structure.
structure.

D)functional
structure.

40. In designing an organization, if managers are grouped both by function and by product at the same time, what type
of organizational structure is being used?
A)Market structure
B)Geographic
C) Matrix structure
D)
Functional
structure
structure
41. In which type of organizational design are managers correctly referred to as "two-boss managers?"
A)Product structure
B)
Geographic
C) Matrix structure
structure
D)Functional structure
42. In ABC Company, Pat is assigned to a team to develop a new kind of shampoo. He reports to both the Marketing
Manager and the Personal Care Product Manager. ABC is utilizing:
A)
cross-functional
B)liaison roles
D)job enrichment
teams
C) matrix structure
43. When different managers from different functional areas are brought together to work on an organizational task,
this is known as:
A)a small-batch team.
C)a cross-functional team.
B)a continuous-process team.
D)a market structure team.
44. Another name for the organization's hierarchy of authority is:
A) the product structure.
C) the chain of command.
B)the span of control.
D)the market structure.
45. How hard an employee works on the job is referred to as:
A)persistence.
B)effort.

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C)instrumentality.

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D)valence.

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46. The degree to which an employee keeps trying when faced with obstacles to the accomplishment of a goal is
referred to as:
A)instrumentality.
B) persistence.
C)valence.
D)effort.
47. Behavior that is performed by an employee "for its own sake" (i.e., the motivation comes from doing the work itself)
is referred to as:
A)extrinsically motivated behavior.
C)equity behavior.
B)intrinsically motivated behavior.
D)overpayment inequity.
48. All of the following are likely examples of intrinsic motivators EXCEPT:
A)interesting work.
C) a feeling of accomplishment.
B) praise.
D)autonomy.
49. A computer programmer who does her job well because she enjoys solving complicated computer problems is said
to be:
A) extrinsically motivated.
C) experiencing extinction.
B) intrinsically motivated.
D) negatively reinforced.
50. Behavior that is performed by an employee to acquire a material reward, to acquire a social reward, or to avoid
punishment is referred to as:
A) equitable behavior.
C)vicarious behavior.
B) extrinsically motivated behavior.
D)intrinsically motivated behavior.
51. A car salesperson who chooses his occupation because he enjoys receiving a sales commission on each car sold is
said to be:
A) experiencing extinction.
C) experiencing underpayment inequity.
B) extrinsically motivated.
D) intrinsically motivated.
52. A worker in an automobile assembly line who chooses her work because of the job security it entails is said to be:
A) intrinsically motivated.
C) experiencing underpayment inequity.
B) extrinsically motivated.
D) experiencing overpayment inequity.
53. Which of the following is NOT an example of an employee's outcome from an organization?
A) feeling of accomplishment
C)vacation time
B) effort
D)pleasure of performing interesting work
54. Eileen is dean of the College of Business at her University. She enjoys the pace of her work and the feeling of
accomplishment she gets when she is able to initiate a new program to help students. The salary she receives is
attractive and allows her to travel abroad on her vacations. Eileen is:
A)intrinsically motivated.
C) extrinsically motivated.
B) is both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated.
D)has high needs for power and achievement.
55. One of the following theories specifically postulates that motivation of employees will be high when employees
believe that a high level of effort on their part will lead to high performance on their part, but only when they
believe that high performance leads to their attainment of outcomes which they desire (e.g. higher pay, promotion,
etc.). Which theory does this?
A) Valence theory
C)Hierarchy of needs theory
B) Expectancy theory
D)Motivator-hygiene theory
56. An employee's perception of the extent to which his or her effort will result in a given level of his or her
performance is known as:
A)valence.
B)expectancy.
C)instrumentality.
D)equity.
57. Professor Beswick offers his students $10 if they can run around the classroom building in 2 minutes. None of his
students take him up on his offer. Which of the following statements reflects the idea of expectancy?
A)Charise thinks $10 is not very much money.
B)Harry doesnt believe he can run around the building that fast.
C)Peter would rather stay in the classroom and study for a test next period.
D)Winnie thinks Professor Beswick is kidding.
E)Ariel doesnt want to look silly.
58. Professor Beswick offers his students $10 if they can run around the classroom building in 2 minutes. Jason, his
student, believes that even if he does this, Professor Beswick wont really give him the money. Jasons lack of
motivation can be explained by the concept of _______ in ________ theory.
A) underpayment inequity; equity
C) valence; expectancy
B) instrumentality; expectancy
D) directive leadership; path-goal
59. An employee's perception of the extent to which her performance at a given level will result in outcomes the
employee desires is known as:

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A) inequity.

B) instrumentality.

C) valence.

D) expectancy.

60. The desirability to an employee of each of the outcomes available from the employee's job or organization is known
as:
A) instrumentality.
B) valence.
C) expectancy.
D) equity.
61. Matt, a manager, makes sure the outcomes he offers to subordinates for good performance are rewards they value.
Matt is working on:
A) Instrumentality
B) Valence
C) Expectancy
D) Self-Actualization
62. According to expectancy theory, high motivation will occur when:
A)expectancy is high
C)valence is high
B) expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all
D)both expectancy and instrumentality are high
high

65.

63. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory, the highest level of needs of workers is:
A)physiological
B) self-actualization
C) safety

D) esteem

64. Which of the following motivators is the most basic need in Maslow's hierarchy?
A)safety
B) physiological
C) belonging

D)esteem

An employer can attempt to meet employees' safety needs by providing:

A)adequate pay
C)promotions
B) medical benefits
D) company social events
66. In Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, needs that are related to the nature of the work itself and the degree of
challenge contained in the work are known as:
A) expectancy needs.
C)instrumentality needs.
B) motivator needs.
D)hygiene needs.
67. In Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, all of the following are examples of motivator needs EXCEPT:
A)interesting work.
C) responsibility.
B) pay.
D)a sense of accomplishment.
68. In Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, needs that are related to the physical and psychological context in which
the work is performed are known as:
A)motivator needs.
B)hygiene needs.
C)valence needs.
D)expectancy needs
69. In Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory, all of the following are examples of hygiene needs EXCEPT:
A)pay
C)job security.
B)responsibility.
D)good relationships with coworkers
70. The theory that suggests that distinguishes between needs related to the work itself from those related to the
context of the work is:
A)Maslow's Hierarchy Theory
C) Inequity Theory
B) Herzberg's Motivator-Hygiene Theory
D)McClelland's Needs Theory
71. Which of the following is NOT a need proposed in McClelland's work?
A)power
B)self-actualization
C)achievement

D)affiliation

72. Research has found a need for ________to be especially important for upper-level managers to possess.
A) affiliation
C)achievement
B) power
D)power and achievement
73. Research suggests that ________________________ are assets for first-line and middle managers.
A)need for affiliation and need for power.
C)need for growth and need for relatedness
B) need for power and need for achievement
D)need for power and need for self-actualization
74. The theory of motivation that focuses on the perceptions of workers of the fairness of their work outcomes relative
to their work inputs is known as:
A) valence theory.
C)instrumentality theory.
B) equity theory.
D)the needs hierarchy theory.
75. Donna, an employee of ABC Company, perceives that her outcome/input ratio is less than that of her coworker Sam.
This is known as:
A)overpayment inequity.
C)the valence effect.
B)underpayment inequity.
D)positive reinforcement.
76. Johanna perceives that she works harder than her coworker Abdul, but is paid the same. This is an example of:

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A)the valence effect.

B) overpayment inequity.

C)negative reinforcement.
D)underpayment inequity.

77. Glenn, an engineer, is paid more money than his colleague Fred. Glenn has more years on the job than Fred, and
works more hours. Glenn thinks he and Fred are paid fairly, but Fred thinks that he should be paid the same as
Glenn because his degree is from a better university and he is more creative. Glenn is experiencing ________ and
Fred is experiencing ________.
A)overpayment inequity, underpayment inequity
C)equity, overpayment inequity
B) equity; underpayment inequity
D) underpayment inequity; overpayment inequity
78. People experiencing underpayment inequity are most likely to:
A)raise their perceptions of their own inputs
C)work harder
B) be absent more
D) lower their perceptions of others' outcomes
79. People experiencing overpayment inequity are most likely to:
A) ask for a raise
C)work slower
B) raise their perceptions of their own inputs
D)be absent more
80. The most motivating goals are:
A)specific and easy
B)
specific
difficult

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and

C) general and easy

D)specific and easy

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