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Program Description:
"MONORAIL" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of either S-shape or
W-shape underhung monorail beams analyzed as simple-spans with or without overhangs (cantilevers).
Specifically, the x-axis and y-axis bending moments as well as any torsion effects are calculated. The actual and
allowable stresses are determined, and the effect of lower flange bending is also addressed by two different
approaches.
This program is a workbook consisting of three (3) worksheets, described as follows:
Worksheet Name
Description
Doc
S-shaped Monorail Beam
W-shaped Monorail Beam
"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Monorail Size:
Select:
Design Parameters:
Beam Fy =
Beam Simple-Span, L =
Unbraced Length, Lb =
Bending Coef., Cb =
Overhang Length, Lo =
Unbraced Length, Lbo =
Bending Coef., Cbo =
Lifted Load, P =
Trolley Weight, Wt =
Hoist Weight, Wh =
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi =
Horz. Load Factor, HLF =
Total No. Wheels, Nw =
Wheel Spacing, S =
Distance on Flange, a =
RR(max)=9.13
Lo=3
L=17
S12x50
x=8.313
S=0.75
36
ksi
17.0000 ft.
17.0000 ft.
1.00
3.0000 ft.
11.5000 ft.
1.00
6.000 kips
0.400 kips
0.100 kips
15
%
10
%
4
0.7500 ft.
0.3750 in.
S12x50
Pv=7.4
Nomenclature
A=
d=
tw =
bf =
tf =
k=
rt =
###
###
###
###
ta =
=
Cxo =
Cx1 =
Czo =
Cz1 =
Section Ratio
bf/(2*tf) =
d/tw =
Qs =
For Lo = 0 (n
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^6
x=
Support Reactions: (with overhang)
Mx =
RR(max) =
Results:
9.13
= Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2My =
RL(min) =
-0.73
Lateral Flang
= -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
Parameters and Coefficients:
e=
Pv = 7.400 kips
Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load)
at =
Pw = 1.850 kips/wheel Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel)
Mt =
Ph = 0.600 kips
Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load)
X-axis Stress
ta = 0.493 in.
ta = tf-bf/24+a/6 (for S-shape)
fbx =
= 0.156
= 2*a/(bf-tw)
Lc =
Cxo = -1.096+1.095*+0.192*e^(-6.0*)
Cxo = -0.850
Lu =
Cx1 = 3.965-4.835*-3.965*e^(-2.675*)
Cx1 = 0.600
Lb/rt =
Czo = -0.981-1.479*+1.120*e^(1.322*)
Czo = 0.165
fa/Fy =
Cz1 = 1.810-1.150*+1.060*e^(-7.70*)
Cz1 = 1.948
Is Lb<=Lc?
Is d/tw<=allow?
Bending Moments for Simple-Span:
Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
x = 8.313 ft.
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end ofIssimple-span)
b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
Mx = 31.88 ft-kips
Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x)
Fbx =
My =
2.44
My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
Fbx =
ft-kips
Fbx =
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span:
(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)Fbx =
e = 6.000 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
Fbx =
at = 21.662
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Fbx =
Mt =
0.29
Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12
Fbx =
ft-kips
Use: Fbx =
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
Y-axis Stress
fbx =
7.56
fbx = Mx/Sx
fby =
ksi
Lb/rt = 163.20
Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt
fwns =
Fbx = 17.72 ksi
Fbx = 12000*Cb/(Lb*12*(d/Af)) <= 0.60*Fy
fbx <= Fbx, O.K.
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
(continued)
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
S.R. =
fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy
Pv =
(max) =
fby <= Fby, O.K.
(allow) =
S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.
My =
Lateral Flang
Y-axis Stress
Combined St
Vertical Defle
Bottom Flang
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
(continued)
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
xo =
zo =
tw
X
Pw
Pw
tf
Point 2
Point 0
Point 1
ta
bf/4
tw/2
bf
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Monorail Size:
Select:
Design Parameters:
Beam Fy =
Beam Simple-Span, L =
Unbraced Length, Lb =
Bending Coef., Cb =
Overhang Length, Lo =
Unbraced Length, Lbo =
Bending Coef., Cbo =
Lifted Load, P =
Trolley Weight, Wt =
Hoist Weight, Wh =
Vert. Impact Factor, Vi =
Horz. Load Factor, HLF =
Total No. Wheels, Nw =
Wheel Spacing, S =
Distance on Flange, a =
RR(max)=9.13
Lo=3
L=17
W12x50
x=8.313
S=0.75
36
ksi
17.0000 ft.
17.0000 ft.
1.00
3.0000 ft.
11.5000 ft.
1.00
6.000 kips
0.400 kips
0.100 kips
15
%
10
%
4
0.7500 ft.
0.3750 in.
W12x50
Pv=7.4
Nomenclature
A=
d=
tw =
bf =
tf =
k=
rt =
###
###
###
###
ta =
=
Cxo =
Cx1 =
Czo =
Cz1 =
Section Ratio
bf/(2*tf) =
d/tw =
Qs =
For Lo = 0 (n
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^3
in.^4
in.^6
x=
Support Reactions: (with overhang)
Mx =
RR(max) =
Results:
9.13
= Pv*(L+(Lo-S/2))/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L+Lo)^2My =
RL(min) =
-0.73
Lateral Flang
= -Pv*(Lo-S/2)/L+w/1000/(2*L)*(L^2-Lo^2)
Parameters and Coefficients:
e=
Pv = 7.400 kips
Pv = P*(1+Vi/100)+Wt+Wh (vertical load)
at =
Pw = 1.850 kips/wheel Pw = Pv/Nw (load per trolley wheel)
Mt =
Ph = 0.600 kips
Ph = HLF*P (horizontal load)
X-axis Stress
ta = 0.640 in.
ta = tf (for W-shape)
fbx =
= 0.097
= 2*a/(bf-tw)
Lc =
Cxo = -2.110+1.977*+0.0076*e^(6.53*)
Cxo = -1.903
Lu =
Cx1 = 10.108-7.408*-10.108*e^(-1.364*)
Cx1 = 0.535
Lb/rt =
Czo = 0.050-0.580*+0.148*e^(3.015*)
Czo = 0.192
fa/Fy =
Cz1 = 2.230-1.490*+1.390*e^(-18.33*)
Cz1 = 2.319
Is Lb<=Lc?
Is d/tw<=allow?
Bending Moments for Simple-Span:
Is b/t<=65/SQRT(Fy)?
x = 8.313 ft.
x = 1/2*(L-S/2) (location of max. moments from left end ofIssimple-span)
b/t>95/SQRT(Fy)?
Mx = 31.88 ft-kips
Mx = (Pv/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2+w/1000*x/2*(L-x)
Fbx =
My =
2.44
My = (Ph/2)/(2*L)*(L-S/2)^2
Fbx =
ft-kips
Fbx =
Lateral Flange Bending Moment from Torsion for Simple-Span:
(per USS Steel Design Manual, 1981)Fbx =
e = 6.100 in.
e = d/2 (assume horiz. load taken at bot. flange)
Fbx =
at = 53.354
at = SQRT(E*Cw/(J*G)) , E=29000 ksi and G=11200 ksi
Fbx =
Mt =
0.67
Mt = Ph*e*at/(2*(d-tf))*TANH(L*12/(2*at))/12
Fbx =
ft-kips
Use: Fbx =
X-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
Y-axis Stress
fbx =
5.96
fbx = Mx/Sx
fby =
ksi
Lb/rt = 94.01
Lb/rt = Lb*12/rt
fwns =
Fbx = 21.60 ksi
Fbx = 12000*Cb/(Lb*12*(d/Af)) <= 0.60*Fy
fbx <= Fbx, O.K.
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
(continued)
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
Combined St
Y-axis Stresses for Simple-Span:
fby =
2.11
ksi
fwns =
1.16
ksi
fby(total) =
3.27
ksi
Fby = 27.00 ksi
S.R. =
fby = My/Sy
fwns = Mt*12/(Sy/2) (warping normal stress)
fby(total) = fby+fwns
Fby = 0.75*Fy
Vertical Defle
Pv =
(max) =
fby <= Fby, O.K.
(allow) =
Bending Mom
S.R. <= 1.0, O.K.
My =
Lateral Flang
Y-axis Stress
Combined St
Vertical Defle
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
(continued)
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
xo =
zo =
Local Flange
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 0:
(Sign convention: + = tension, - = compression)
xo =
xo = Cxo*Pw/ta^2
z1 =
-8.60
ksi
zo =
zo = Czo*Pw/ta^2
0.87
Local Flange
ksi
x2 =
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 1:
x1 =
x1 = Cx1*Pw/ta^2
z2 =
2.42
ksi
z1 = 10.47 ksi
z1 = Cz1*Pw/ta^2
Resultant Bia
Local Flange Bending Stress @ Point 2:
fbxo =
x2 =
x2 = -xo
8.60
fbyo =
ksi
z2 =
z2 = -zo
z =
-0.87
ksi
x =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 0:
xz =
fbxo =
5.96
fbxo = Mx*(d/2)/Ix = Mx/Sx
to =
fbyo =
0.10
fbyo = My*(tw/2)/Iy
z =
z = fbxo+fbyo+0.75*zo
6.71
Resultant Bia
ksi
x =
x = 0.75*xo
-6.45
fbx1 =
ksi
xz =
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
0.00
fby1 =
ksi
to =
to = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)
11.39
<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
ksi
x =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 1:
xz =
fbx1 =
5.96
fbx1 = Mx*(d/2)/Ix = Mx/Sx
t1 =
fby1 =
1.91
fby1 = My*(bf/2-a)/Iy
z = 15.72 ksi
z = fbx1+fby1+0.75*z1
Resultant Bia
x =
x = 0.75*x1
1.81
fbx2 =
ksi
xz =
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
0.00
fby2 =
ksi
t1 = 14.90 ksi
t1 = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)
<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
x =
Resultant Biaxial Stress @ Point 2:
xz =
fbx2 =
5.34
fbx2 = Mx*(d/2-tf)/Ix
t2 =
fby2 =
0.10
fby2 = My*(tw/2)/Iy
z =
z = fbx2+fby2+0.75*z2
4.79
ksi
W24x207
x =
x = 0.75*x2
6.45
ksi
W24x192
xz =
xz = 0 (assumed negligible)
0.00
ksi
W24x176
t2 =
t2 = SQRT(x^2+z^2-x*z+3*xz^2)
5.80
<= Fb = 0.66*Fy = 23.76 ksi, O.K.
ksi
W24x146
W24x131
W24x117
W24x104
W24x103
W24x94
W24x84
W24x76
tw
X
Pw
W24x68
W24x62
Pw
W24x55
W21x402
W21x364
Point 2
W21x333
W21x300
W21x275
W21x248
tf
Point 0
W21x223
W21x201
Point 1
W21x182
bf
W21x166
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"MONORAIL.xls" Program
Version 2.0
W21x147
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