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TYPES OF ERROR
+VE ERROR TAPE
STD TAPE
- VE ERROR TAPE
25005
WITH USER
25000
WITH QA
24995
WITH USER
ERROR CORRECTION
TYPE OF
ERROR
OPERATION
MARKING
MEASURING
(ADD ERROR)
(SUBTRACT ERROR)
+ VE
X + (+Y)
X -- (+Y)
-- VE
X + (--Y)
X -- (--Y)
4 UNITS
K2
TS
NI
ROLLING DIR.
5U
SA 516 GR
70 24357
9262 /
3
K1
3 UNITS
L
TOLERANCE
L - + 1 mm / M, Max. 3 mm., &
K1 - K2 = + 1 mm / M,
W - + 1 mm / M, Max. 3 mm
Max. + 5 mm
IDENTIFICATION MARKING
TO ROLLING DIRECTION.
L - NOMINAL CIRCUMFERENCE = MEAN DIA. X
3.1415926535897932384626433832792...
LEVEL THE
F
90
E
D
C
B
180
Z2
Z1
270
A
X
PLAN
PLUMB BOBS
FRONT VIEW
OF READING
A
B
C
D
E
F
SIMILARLY REPEAT THIS EXERCISE FOR 90 / 270
ROTATING THE SHELL ASSEMBLY.
LOCATIONS
270
ABCDE & F
ORIENTATIONS BY
+3
+3
+2
+2
+1
+1
00
00
-1
-2
-3
-1
-2
0 - 180 DEG.
-3
90 - 270
DEG.
A(END)
B
Y2
Y3
X0
X1
X2
C
Y4
X3
X4
Y5
X5
D
Y6
Y0
1.
X6
E
(END)
X0
2.
4.
5.
6.
SURFACE ALIGNMENT IS
READING.
SEAM NO
MAXIMUM READING
ORIENTATION
90
180
A ( END )
X0
Y0
X1
X2
Y1
Y2
X3
X4
X5
X6
Y3
Y4
Y5
Y6
X0
Y0
D
E ( END )
270
MINIMUM
THK T1
Y2
A(END)
X2
B
Y3
Y4
X1
X3
X4
IN CASES OF X2,X3,X4,
ALIGNMENT IS DIFFERENCE
OF THAT W.R.T X1
IN CASES OF X5,X6,X7,
ALIGNMENT IS DIFFERENCE
OF THAT W.R.T X8
PLUMB BOBS
Y5
X5
Y6
X6
Y7
THK T2
X7
X1 = X8 + ( T2-T1 )
E(END)
Y8
X8
SKETCH - 2
NOTE:
THE SHELL OVALITY / SHAPE SHALL BE CONTROLLED WITHIN
THE LIMIT IN ORDER TO GET BETTER ALIGNMENT.
TOLERANCE ON CIRCUMFERENCE
TOLERANCE ON CIRCUMFERENCE
COMPONENTS
THICKNESS OF COMPONENTS IN MM
REMARKS
UP TO 8
9 TO 18
19 TO 50
ABOVE 50
ROLLED SHELLS AT
L/S SET-UP STAGE
(+) 5
(-) 2
(+) 7
(-) 4
(+) 10
(-) 7
(+) 12
(-) 9
CIRCUM. TO BE CHECKED AT
3 LOCATIONS, 2 ENDS AND AT
CENTRE
PRESSED / FORMED
DEND, CONE &
EXPANSION BELLOW
AFTER COMPLETING
WELD JOINT IF ANY
(+ / - ) 5
(+ / - ) 8
(+ / - ) 10
(+ / - )15
(-0 / +10)**
(-0 / +15)**
(-0 / + 18)**
(-0 / + 25)**
IF COMPONENT IS IN SET-UP
STAGE WITHOUT WELDING
PER JOINT 3MM SHRINKAGE
SHALL BE ADDED TO BASIC
CIRCUMFERENCE.
NOTES:
THE ABOVE LIMITS ARE APPLICABLE ONLY IF NO OTHERS STRINGENT
TOLERANCE IS SPECIFIED.
** THIS TOLERANCE IS APPLICABLE ONLY WHEN ABUTTING SHELLS HAS HIGHER
THICKNESS WITH OUTSIDE TAPER AND INSIDE FLUSH.
2 PIN METHOD
DECIDING FACTORS
1 DIAMETER OF SHELL
2. THICKNESS OF SHELL
3. TOLERANCE ON TSR.
THE CHART BELOW RECOMMENDS THE METHOD (PIN OR OPTICS ) TO BE FOLLOWED
FOR MARKING THE REFERENCE LINE ON TOWERS WITH INTERNALS AS TSR
SHELL DIA
**TOLERANCE ON
UP TO 3500
<,= 3
>3
3500-4500
>4500
>3
<, = 3
>, <, = 3
THICKNESS > 25
REF.LINE
LINE OF
SIGHT
GROUND LEVEL
PARAGON
LEVEL
SPIDER
3
SPIDER
REF.LINE
1
TANK ROTATERS
OIL BATH
( PROC. CONTD..)
PENCIL
SECTION
SPIDER
SWING ARM
GRAPH
PAPER
ROLLER
MEAN R
(II)
MEAN R+ TOLERANCE
(III)
MEAN R- TOLERANCE
5.1
HAZIRA METHOD
1. MAKE THE FRAMES & M/C OD/ID
2. WRAP THE SHELL AROUND THE FRAMES WITHOUT
TACKING FRAME & SHELL
3. ENSURE GAP 1, S/U, WELD & CLEAR NDT OF
CLOSING SEAM
4. TACK FRAMES # SHELL
FRAME MANUFACTURE
APPLICABLE TOLERANCES
1.
2.
3.
4.
UNBALANCE +/- 1 MM
4
1
5
5.
FLANGE TILT 3 MM
T FRAME MANUFACTURE
CURRENT METHOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
T FRAME MANUFACTURE
OLD METHOD
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
SHRINKAGE ALLOWANCE
FOLLOWING SHRINKAGE ALLOWANCE IS TO BE ADDED ON
THE CIRC. OF FRAMES WHILE S/U.
GENERAL WEP
WHEN THE JOINING COMPONENTS ARE NOT AT 900
MARKING AT...
A
B
A = 2/3 t Tan(X- )
X
B = 1/3 t Tan(X + )
X
GENERAL WEP
WHEN JOINING PLATES OF DIFFERENT THICKNESS
T1
T2
02.
05.
SINE-1
OFFSET
0-
DISTANC
90
E
= 1400/4027.5
=20.3410
OU
RA T S
DI IDE
US
= 900-
= 900 - 20.3410
=69.6590
SHELL
500
50 - ( 90 - )
X2
900
X1
X1 = H tan(90 - )
X2 = H tan [ 50 - ( 90 - )]
500
90 + Y
+ 2Y
+Y
Y=
90-
3
9.
07.
10.
Thk -Q
Thk -5
900
14 mm
18.5 mm
83.50
Thk 17.5
Thk 20.5
20 mm
76.50
v = 24.91 mm
= 69.6590
Thk-1
Thk 26.5
= 26.5 0.37072
X1 = 9.82 mm
X2 = 15.090 mm
V Dist = X1 + X2
9.82 + 15.090
24.91 mm
FWD end
X1
X2
AFT end
8.
9.