Mud Logging Introduction Without Mud Logging Knowledge PDF

China National Logging Corporation
Mud Logging Technology & Services

Welcome to CNLC

CNLC Introduction
Mud Logging Introduction
Equipment Introduction
Jobs at field

CNLC Introduction
CNLC, providing well bore technical services in
international market, mainly engaged in:
Wireline logging, mud logging, well testing, well
completion, perforating and other relevant
engineering services.
Geophysical and Geological research &
development.
Wireline Logging
Acid/Fracture
Well Testing
MWD/LWD
Workover
Mud Logging
Reservoir evaluation
Perforation
Coiled Tubing

Well
Testing
Workover/
Completion
Reservoir
Evaluation
Wireline
Logging
Bore-hole
Integrated
Services
MWD/LWD
Directional
Drilling
MudLogging
Coiled
Tubing
Acid/
Fracture

Where do we supply our services?

Iran
Kazakhstan
PetroChina
Azerbaijan
Syria
Algeria
Libya
Venezuela
Sudan
Pakistan

CNLC Operation in Sudan

Wireline Logging: Year 1998 for GNPOC
z Mud Logging: Year 2001 for PDOC
z Welltesting: Year 2001 for PDOC
z
Now we have operation for GNPOC, PDOC

and CNPCIS.

Mud Logging Introduction

z
What is Mud Logging?
What are the Benefits of Mud Logging?
Take a Walk through a Typical Mud Logging

Unit


Mud Logging provides subsurface geological
information while drilling a well.


Mud Logging is the examination and analysis of
geological information contained in formation
cuttings and drilling mud to determine if oil and
gas are encountered during drilling a well. Mud
Logging also is used to provide critical safety
functions such as determining pore pressures,
kick control and ambient gas monitoring.


The service requires two to six
people at the wellsite, a mobile
laboratory unit, acting as the
information center for the well and
may include the electronic
monitoring of drilling parameters
and third party service provider data.
Communication
is essential

What are the Benefits of Mud Logging?

Mud Loggers analyze geological data and drilling parameters
to identify and quantify potentially productive hydrocarbon
reserves, subsurface formation porosity and formation
fractures. Mud Loggers also analyze the drilling parameters
in conjunction with the formation analysis in order to provide
recommendations to improve drilling rates, reduce costs and
enhance safety.

Take a Walk through a Typical Mud Logging Unit



EQUIPMENT & TECHNOLOGY

CNLC mud logging services are focused on adding
value for our clients through the intelligent use of
quality data. People are the number one factor in
our success, however the technology and
equipment which is at their disposal has played a
very important role in building our reputation for
reliability and quality.

Logging Unit
Unit dimension is 8 2.7 3m
z Emergency escape hatch and double door airlock entry.
z Safety system: smoke detector, poisonous gas alarm.
z Two super air-conditions to maintain stable temperature
within the unit.
z Adequate working space is provided for Companyman
z UPS System
z Two extinguishers are equipped for fire.
z

Geological Analysis
The unit contains a
complete set of
geological analysis
equipment including
Stereo Microscope,
Fluoroscope and some
associated Parts, like
sample bags, chemical,
Sieves, etc.

Cloth bags and paper clasp sample envelopes

Data Acquisition system
We use sensors to acquire the parameters, use online computers to monitor current rig activity. The unit
also can transmit data in real-time to the operators
office. An in-finite number of direct or calculated
measurements can be monitored so that an alarm
activates against a high, low and a rate of range.

Logging Sensors
z Drilling Speed (ROP)
z
z
z
z
z
z
Standpipe Pressure (SPP)

Hookload (HL, WOB)
Rotary speed (RPM)
Rotary Torque (TRQ)
Stroke Speed (SPM)
Mud Flow out (MFO)
z Mud Temperate in/out (MTI/MTO)

z
Mud Conductivity in/out (MCI/MCO)
Mud Weight in/out (MWI/MWO)
Pit Volume
H2S

Drilling Speed (ROP)
Rotary speed / Pump

Stroke Rate Sensor

Rotary Torque Sensor
Pressure Sensors

Mud Flow out
Mud Conductivity in/out

Mud Weight in/out
Pit Volume
Mud temperature
Pump
mud
Pump Rate
Mud Density
Mud Conductivity
Pit Level
Depth Trace
Standpipe pressure
Hookload
Rotary Table
Rotary Torque
Pit Level
mud
Pit Level
Pit Level
Mud temperature
Mud Density
Suction tank
Mud Flow out
Mud Conductivity
Pit Level
gas
Sensors
Position
mud
Mud Logging unit

Chromatographs and Gas detectors
All mud logging units of CNLC use FID detector to
detect hydrocarbon which are acquired from mud
following in the ditch. This detector have high accuracy
and sensitivity. Meanwhile, we use the integrator or
wintegratortor automatically calculate acquiring digital
total gas and chromatograph data for display, print, plot
and storage.

Chromatographs and Gas detectors

Jobs at Field
1. Working crew
2. Formation Evaluation
3. Monitoring for safety drilling

Working Crew
z
Sample Catcher
Mud Logger
Data Engineer

Sample Catcher
Collect and wash samples as specified interval.
z Pack and label ditch cutting samples
z Make ready of cloth bags enough for next shift.
z Clean the floor of the unit and keep it clear
z Do other things specified by the team leader and
mud logger
z

Mud logger
z Lithology Description;
Update Materlog and reports;

z Lag time check when necessary;
z Help the data engineer to monitor real time data
and status.
z

Data Engineer
z
Analyzes drilling and logging data;
Documents probable, hydrocarbon rich pay

zones;
As Team leader, to communicate with

representative of Oil company and third parts
companies.

2. Formation Evaluation
z
Build the formation profile of the well location,

get the first-hand message of the formation
Continuous total gas and chromatograph

component detecting and analysis

Lithology Description:
Sandstone: color, fabric, grain size, roundness,
sphericity, sorting, cementing, mineral, porosity,
oil shows.
Claystone: color, fabric, hardness, tenacity,
rough calcimetry.

Examples:
SST(70%): lt gy, v f-f gr, occ med gr, subang- subrnd,
mod w srt, qtz, p-fr vis por, wi tr-5% blu wh fluor,
10 strmg bl wh cut, no cut color, no res, p oil
show.
CLYST(30%): lt gy-med gy, occ dk gy, subblky-blky,
mod hd, sl calc.

Lithology Description:
From the Lithology description, we can know the
following information of this formation:
z Depositional environment (oxidizing
environment / reducing environment)
z Porosity and permeability (big or small)
z Hydrocarbon bearing condition (good or not)

Estimate of the Percentage

Grain size card:

Color
Chart

Shape of the cutting

porosity
Cement
Cuttings by
Microscope
Poorly porosity

Hydrocarbon Evaluation
The order of hydrocarbon shows description is:
z
z
z
z
z
z
Odor (type and strength)

Oil stain or bleeding (distribution, intensity, color)
Sample fluorescence (percentage, intensity, color)
Cut color fluorescence (speed, character, intensity and color)
Cut color and intensity
Cut residue (intensity and color)

Oil Shows Description:

z Oil
stain: percentage, type, color

z Directly fluorescence: percentage, color,
intensity.
z Cut fluorescence: speed, patten, color.
z Residue: percentage, type.

Odor
Odor may range from heavy, characteristic of low gravity oil,
to light and penetrating, for condensate. Some dry gases
have no odor. Report its strength as good, fair or faint.
Staining and Bleeding
The amount of oil staining on cuttings and cores is primarily
a function of the distribution of the porosity and the oil
distribution within the pores. The color of the stain is related
to oil gravity. Heavy oil stains tend to be a dark brown, while
light oil stains tend to be colorless.

Directly fluorescence under UltraViolet box

Sample fluorescence
Color: from brown through green, gold, blue,
yellow, to white; in most instances, the
heavier oils have darker fluorescence.
Distribution: even, spotted, or mottled
Intensity: bright, dull, pale, and faint.

Cut fluorescence under UV box
Solvent:
Chloroform

Solvent Cut Fluorescence

z
z
Cut speed: an indication of both the solubility of the

oil and the permeability of the sample.
Cut nature: the solvent with dissolved oil may occur
in uniform, streaming or blooming. A streaming cut
also indicates low oil mobility.
Cut color and intensity: After observing the sample
under UV light observe the sample under natural
light. The cut color observed in natural light is just
called cut color (example: very light brown cut color
or no cut color).

Cut Residue:
The solvent dissolves rapidly under the heat of the UV
light, sometimes leaving a residue of oil around the
cutting on the spot plate. The true color of the oil can
then be observed. The intensity and opacity of color,
especially of the residue, is an indicator of the oil
density and the quantity of oil originally in the cutting.

Another way to analysis hydrocarbon bearing

-- Gas Analysis
If the formation bear the hydrocarbon, when the

bit crash the formation, the hydrocarbon inside
will flow out and mix with mud. Use the special
equipment it can be broken the hydrocarbon
away from the mud and analysis inside the unit.
(See Drilling.AVI)


Gas Analysis:
Degasser
(at gas trap)
Gas line
Chromatography
Sample pump
(in unit)
Integrator
Computer
Recorder

Chromatography

Gas analysis process:

Gas analysis process:

2.5s

3. Monitoring For Safety Drilling

z Real time acquisition, processing and recording
drilling parameter
z
Real time alphanumeric & graphic data display for

safety drilling
Real time monitor and recording the mud properties

Engineering Parameters to log:

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Total Depth
ROP
WOH
Hook speed
Hook height
WOB
RPM
Rotary Torque
Standpipe press
Wellhead press.
SPM & total
Pump strokes
Lag time
Flow in/out
Temp in/out
Mud Weight in/out
Resistively in/out
Conductivity in/out
Mud volumes
Total gas and chromatography
H2S / CO2
-Exponent
Drilling
Real-time
monitor plo

Difficult Hole Condition

z Mud loss (MFO , pit volume , SPP)
z
Kick off (MFO , pit volume , Gas )
Wear out (SPP)
Bit teeth worn out (TRQ)
Tight hole (Hookload)
Trip Monitor

Trip monitor sheet

Stands Trip tank Vol. Theo. Disp. Cumm. Theo. Act. Disp. Cumm. Act. Mud Loss/Gain Cumm. Loss/gain
3
(m3)
Disp. (m3)
(m3)
Disp. (m3)
(m3)
(m3)
No.
(m )
0
0.5
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0.93
0.51
0.51
0.43
0.43
-0.08
-0.08
10
1.38
0.51
1.02
0.45
0.88
-0.06
-0.14
15
1.83
0.51
1.53
0.45
1.33
-0.06
-0.2
20
2.27
0.51
2.04
0.44
1.77
-0.07
-0.27
25
2.66
0.51
2.55
0.39
2.16
-0.12
-0.39
30
3.15
0.51
3.06
0.49
2.65
-0.02
-0.41

Mud volume
Trip monitor sheet

3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Theo.
Act.
10
20
Stands
30
40

Wherever we go
Whatever we do
whoever we serve
It is Perfection
that we pursue

Thank You

Mud Logging Introduction Without Mud Logging Knowledge PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mud Logging Introduction Without Mud Logging Knowledge PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

China National Logging Corporation

Mud Logging Technology & Services

China National Logging Corporation

China National Logging Corporation