CHAPTER 5

INDICES AND LOGARITHM

FORM 4

PAPER 1

1.

Solve the equation 3(53 x1 ) 36

[3marks]

2.

Solve the equation 323 x 47 x 4

[3marks]

3.

Solve the equation 32 x 1 5 x

[4marks]

4.

Solve the equation 165 x 49 x6

5.

3 x 3

Solve the equation 27

6.

Solve the equation 22 x 1 13(2 x ) 24 0

[4marks]

7.

Given that log 3 K log9 L 2 , express K in terms of L.

[4marks]

8.

Given that log p 3 r and log p 7 s , express log p

9.

[3marks]

[3marks]

9 x 3

49 p
in terms
27

of r and s.
Given that log 5 2 q and log 5 9 p , express log 5 8.1 in terms of
q and p.
3 log 3 (2 x 1) log 3 x .

10.

Solve the equation

11.

Given that log x 2 p and log x 7 q , express log x

[4marks]
[4marks)
[3marks]

56
2 in terms
x

[4marks]

12.

Given that log 3 mn 3 2 log3 m log 3 n express m in terms of n.

[4marks]

13.

Given that log 9 y log3 18 , find the value of y

[3marks]

14.

Given that log 3 m v and log 3 n w , express log 9

of p and q.

81m
in
n

[4marks]

terms of v and w.
15.

Solve the equation

log 3 x log 3 ( 4 x 1) 2 .

[3marks]

16.

Solve the equation

5 x 1 5x

4
.
25

[3marks]

14

CHAPTER 5

INDICES AND LOGARITHM

FORM 4

ANSWERS (PAPER 1)
1.

53 x1 12
log 53 x1 log12

(3x 1) log 5 log12

3x 1

log12
log 5

3x 1

1.0792
0.6990

3 x 1 1.54392
3 x 0.54392
x 0.1813

2.

5 3x

22

1
7 x 4

215 x 214 x8

15 x 14 x 8

3.

x 8

log 32 x 1 log 5 x

2 x 1 log 3

x log 5

2 x log 3 log 3 x log 5

2 x log 3 x log 5 log 3
x 2 log 3 log 5 log 3
x

log 3
2 log 3 log 5

x 1.8691

1
1

15

CHAPTER 5
4.

INDICES AND LOGARITHM

4 5x

22

9 x 6

FORM 4
1

220 x 218 x12

20 x 18 x 12

x 6

5.

273 x 3 9 x 3

2
2 x 3

39 x 9 32 x 6

3 3 x 3

1
2

1
2

9x 9 x 3

10 x 6

x
6.

3
5

22 x 1 13(2 x ) 24 0
22 x.21 13(2 x ) 24 0

x 2

.2 13(2 x ) 24 0

Let u = 2x
2u 2 13u 24 0

2u 3 u 8 0
u

3
or 8
2

But 2x must be positive, so 2x = 8

2 x 23
x =3
7.

log 3 K

1
log 3 L
2
log 3 9

1
16

CHAPTER 5

INDICES AND LOGARITHM

log 3 K

FORM 4

log 3 L
2
2

2 log 3 K log 3 L 4
log 3

8.

9.

K2
4
L

K2
34
L

K 9 L

log p 7 2 log p p log p 33

1,1

2 log p 7 log p p 3log p 3

2 s 1 3r

log 5 8.1 =

log 5

log 5 81 log 5 10

log 5 92 log 5 2 5

2 log 5 9 log 5 2 log 5 5

2 p q 1

=
10.

81
10

3log 3 3 log 3 (2 x 1) log 3 x

log 3 33 log 3 (2 x 1) log 3 x
log 3 27 2 x 1 log 3 x

27 2 x 1 x

54 x x 27

27
53
56
log x 2
x

x
11.

1
=

log x 56 log x x 2

log x (7 8) 2 log x x

17

CHAPTER 5

12.

INDICES AND LOGARITHM

=

log x 7 log x 8 2 log x x

log x 7 log x 23 2 log x x

log x 7 3log x 2 2 log x x

q 3p 2

log 3 mn log3 33 log 3 m 2 log 3 n

27 m 2
n

log 3 mn log3
mn
m

13.

FORM 4

27m 2
n

n2
27

log 3 y
log 3 18
log 3 9
log 3 y
log 3 18
log 3 9

log 3 y
log 3 18
2
log 3 y 2 log 3 18

14.

log 3 y log3 182

y 324

1
81m

n
log 3 9
log 3 81 log 3 m log 3 n
=
2 log 3 3

81m
log 9
=
n

log 3

1
log3 34 log 3 m log3 n
2
1
=
4 v w
2
=

15.

1
1
1
1

log 3 x log 3 (4 x 1) 2 0
log 3 x log 3 (4 x 1) 2 log 3 3 0
18

CHAPTER 5

INDICES AND LOGARITHM

log 3

x (9)
0
4x 1

9x
30
4x 1

FORM 4
1
1

9x 4x 1
5x 1

x
16.

1
5

4
52
4
1
5 x 1 2
5
5
4
4
5x 2
5
5
4 5
5x 2
5 4

5 x.51 5 x

5 x 51

x 1

19