HIPPED PLATE (PRISMOIDAL) ROOF

a
y
A
O
z

C
E

B
L

L1
L
Block A
90

Plate thickness

Block C
75 mm

Self load
W/p, finish

2.25
0.40

1.875 kN/m2
0.40

Total w =

2.65

2.28 kN/m2

AB =BC = L
y=
=
VE =
VA=VB =
VA+VB+AB =
s=

14.23
2.94
1.179
7.698
10.483
35.196
17.598

10.23
2.1
1.181
5.529
7.532
25.295
12.647

Area =
=
= /4- =
Z = AE = AB/2 =

54.775
0.746
0.825
7.115

28.282 m2
0.746 rad.
0.824 rad.
5.115

3.113
4.586
1.751

2.236 m.
3.293 m.
1.251 m.

145.153

64.342 kN

Radius of inscribed circle

r = z*Tan(/2)
VO = VE- =
VO' = y' = VO*Cos()
Vertical load, V =

m.
m.
rad.
m.
m.
m.

O' is the centre of the inscribed circle of the triangular sides of the plate.
This is the point with the maxumum deflexion, which is referred to as the
centre of pressure'.
A section 'abcd' passing through 'O' is the critical section for computing
the design moments & thrusts.
1

't' -- the average meridional thrust across the section 'ab' and is given by:
t = 0.5*w*y'/{cos2()}

Secondary horizontal thrust along 'ab':

h = w*y'*tan2()

3
a.

BM in two directions for the triangular slab having obtuse angles at vertex:
In sloping direction: Ms = w*sin()*de2/10 [de = 2*r]

b.

In the horizontal direction: Mh = w*sin()*de2/16

Whence:
de
t
h

6.225 m.
15.911 kN/m
27.181 kN/m

Ms
Mh

9.491 kN.m/m
5.932 kN.m/m

DESIGN: across section 'ab' - along slope

Meridional thrust, t =
15.911 kN/m
Moment, Ms =
9.491 kN.m./m
b=

1000

Pu(fck*b*d) =
Chart 34
p/fck =
Bar dia =
Spacing =

D=
0.017

90

23.867 kN/m
14.237 kN.m./m

d=

Mu/(fck*b*d2) =

0
As(min) = .85*b*d/fy =
8 mm
351 mm

Max spacing: sqrt(15*D2) =

Pu =
Mu =

70 mm
0.145
143

d'/d =

0.22

mm2 /m

349 mm

Use 2 layers, 8 mm dia @ 300 mm -- along slope -- on outermost faces

Normal to slope -- parallel to edge beam
Thrust & BM lesser than those along slope

Use 2 layers, 8 mm dia @ 300 mm -- across slope -- on inner faces

EDGE BEAM:
From seismic analysis:
b=
400
BEAMS
9
Factored:

Axial F.
59.339
71.207

D=

500

d=

460 mm

d'/d =

0.08

SF Moment-1 Moment-2
10.692
26.942 101.786 kN.m.
12.830
32.330 122.143 kN.m.

Mu[lim] = 0.138*fck*b*d2 =
Tu(fck*b*D) =

233.606 kN.m.
Mu/(fck*b*D2) =

0.018

0.061

Chart 79
p/fck =

0.04

As =

1400 mm2
410 mm2

As(min) = .85*b*d/fy =
Use

Static case:
Span, L1 =
b=

4 nos.
4 nos.

20 mm HYD
12 mm HYD

As =
As =
As =

1257
452
1709 mm2

Horizontal bending with tension

7.115 m.
500

D=

400

d=

360 mm

d'/D =

AT CORNERS /COLUMN EDGES:

Tension, T = V*Tan()/2 =

175.640 kN

At the corners, Mc = V/2*Tan()*L1/12 =

Mu =

104.140 kN.m.
156.210 kN.m.

Mu[lim] = 0.138*fck*b*d2 =

178.848 kN.m.

Tu/(fck*b*D) =
Chart 79
p/fck =
Use

Mu/(fck*b*D2) =

0.066
0.045
6 nos.
0 nos.

Ast =

O.K.

0.078

1800 mm2
20 mm HYD
0 mm HYD

As =
As =
As =

1885
0
1885 mm2

0.100

Vertical bending:
b=
400

d=

Vertical load from plate =

Add self weight

460 mm
72.577 kN
32.729
105.306 kN

Mc = W*L1/12 =

62.437

Mu =
Mu[lim] =

93.656 kN.m.
233.606 kN.m.

x/d = 1.2019-Sqrt[1.20192-6.6773*Mu/(fck*b*d2)] =
z = d*(1-0.416*x/d) =

0.221
327
mm

Ast = Mu/(.87*fy*z) =

1324 mm2

Ast(min) = 0.24*Sqrt(fck)/fy*b*d, for beams only =

Total top face rebars =
Use:
25 mm dia

2224 mm2
5 nos.

Bottom face rebars =

Use:
20 mm dia

900 mm2
3 nos.

AT MID-SPAN:
Horizontally:
Ms = V/2*Tan()*L1/24 =
Tu/(fck*b*D) =
p/fck =

0.066
0.05

Use

52.070

Mu =

Mu/(fck*b*D2) =

0.049

Vertically: b =
Ms = V/2*L1/24 =

25 mm HYD
12 mm HYD

400

d=

21.516

Mu =

Ast = Mu/(.87*fy*z) =

As =
As =
As =

1963
113
2077 mm2

460 mm
32.274 kN.m.

x/d = 1.2019-Sqrt[1.2019 -6.6773*Mu/(fck*b*d )] =

z = d*(1-0.416*x/d) =
2

78.105 kN.m.

2000 mm2

Ast =

4 nos.
1 nos.

476 mm

Top face

0.054
450
mm
199 mm2

Bottom face

Bottom face rebars:

As =

1199 mm2

Bar dia.

20 mm

Nos.:

1000 mm2

Bar dia.

25 mm

Nos.:

Top face rebars:

As =

5*25

3*25

3*20

4*20

Corner rebars

Shear:
Vu =

Mid-span rebars

Dynamic case:
12.83 kN

b=

400

d=

460 mm

Assuming Ast =
2224 mm2 [at the supports - from data above]
pt = 100*Ast/(b*d) =
1.21
= 0.8*fck/(6.89*pt) =
1.922
[ b >= 1.0 ]
c = {0.85*Sqrt(0.8*fck)*(Sqrt(1+5*)-1)}/(6*) =
0.666 mPa
Vc = c*b*d =

122.464 kN

>Vu

Provide minimum rebars for ductility

BLOCK - C: Edge beams

L1 =

5.115 m.

Dynamic case:

Factored:
b=

Axial F.
23.814
35.721

SF Moment-1 Moment-2
6.139
9.639
40.332
9.2085 14.4585
60.498

400

D=

Tu/(fck*b*D) =
p/fck =
Static case:

500

d=

0.009 Mu/(fck*b*D2) =
0.05

As =

2000 mm

Horizontal bending

Tension, T = V*tan()/2 =

78.36 kN

460 mm d'/D=
0.030

0.075

At the corners, Mc = V/2*tan(a)*L1/12 =

b=

500

D=

Tu/(fck*b*D) =
Chart 79

400 mm

0.029

p/fck =

0.03

Vertical bending:
M = V*L1/12 =

33.40 kN.m
d'/d =

Mu/(fck*b*D2) =
Ast =

b=

0.1

0.031

1200 mm2
400

d=

460 mm

27.426 kN.m.

x/d = 1.2019-Sqrt[1.20192-6.6773*Mu/(fck*b*d2)] =
z = d*(1-0.416*x/d) =

0.070
428
mm

Ast = Mu/(.87*fy*z) =

266

Top face rebars:

Bottom face rebars:

As(top) =
Bar dia =

866 mm2
20 mm

Nos. =

As(bot) =
Bar dia =

600 mm2
20 mm

Nos. =

At the centre: Ms = Mc/2 =

16.70 kN.m

Tu/(fck*b*D) =

0.029

p/fck =

0.02

Vertical bending:

mm2

Mu/(fck*b*D2) =
Ast =

M = V*L1/24 =

0.016

800 mm2
13.713 kN.m.

x/d = 1.2019-Sqrt[1.20192-6.6773*Mu/(fck*b*d2)] =
z = d*(1-0.416*x/d) =

0.034
453
mm

Ast = Mu/(.87*fy*z) =

126

Top face rebars:

Bottom face rebars:

mm2

As(top) =
Bar dia =

400 mm2
20 mm

Nos. =

As(bot) =
Bar dia =

526 mm2
20

Nos. =

Shear:
Vu =

9.209 kN

Ast =
c =

628 mm
0.410 mPa

b=
2

pt =
Vc =

400
0.341
75.378

d=
=

460 mm
6.80

Provide nominal stirrups to comply with ductility provisons.