N.

FRACII ALGEBRICE PROBLEME REZOLVATE

a)Simplificai:
2x25x12
1)
2x2 9x+4
REZOLVARE
Descompunseparatnumaratorulsinumitorulfractieiutilizandmetodeleprezentateanterior.
2x2 5x12=2x2 8x+3x12=2x(x4)+3(x4)=(x4)(2x+3)
2(12)=24(8)(+3)=24si8+3=5 5x=8x+3x
2x2 9x+4=2x2 8xx+4=2x(x4)(x4)=(x4)(2x1)
2 (+4)=+8 (8)(1)=+8si81=9 9x=8xx

a
ic

2x25x12 (x4)(2x+3) 2x+3

==
2x2 9x+4 (x4)(2x1) 2x1

t
a

x3 2x2 x+2
2)
x3 +2x2 x2

t
a

REZOLVARE
3

m
e

x 2x x+2=x (x2)(x2)=(x2)(x 1)=(x2)(x1)(x+1)

m
/
o

x3 +2x2 x2=x2(x+2)(x+2)=(x+2)(x2 1)=(x+2)(x1)(x+1)

r
.
u

x3 2x2 x+2 (x2)(x1)(x+1) x2

==
x3 +2x2 x2 (x+2)(x1)(x+1) x+2
(x2 x+1)(x2 x+9)+15
3)
(x2 x+1)(x2 x+6)+6

f
o

r
p

// e

REZOLVARE

:
p

(x2 x+1)(x2 x+9)+15=(x2 x+1)(x2 x+1+8)+15

t
t
h

Notezx2 x+1=a (x2 x+1)(x2 x+9)+15=a(a+8)+15

a(a+8)+15=a2 +8a+15=a2 +3a+5a+15=a(a+3)+5(a+3)=(a+3)(a+5)
Inlocuiescpeacux2 x+1 (a+3)(a+5)=(x2x+1+3)(x2x+1+5)=(x2 x+4)(x2 x+6)
(x2 x+1)(x2 x+6)+6=(x2 x+1)(x2 x+1+5)+6
Notezx2 x+1=a (x2 x+1)(x2 x+6)+6=a(a+5)+6
a(a+5)+6=a2 +5a+6=a2 +2a+3a+6=a(a+2)+3(a+2)=(a+2)(a+3)
Inlocuiescpeacux2 x+1 (a+2)(a+3)=(x2 x+1+2)(x2 x+1+3)=(x2 x+3)(x2 x+4)
(x2 x+1)(x2 x+9)+15 (x2 x+4)(x2 x+6) x2 x+6
==
(x2 x+1)(x2 x+6)+6
(x2 x+3)(x2 x+4) x2 x+3

b)Efectuai:
x2
x1
3
1) ++
x+1 2x
x2 x2
Inprimaetapa: descompun(acoloundeestecazul)numitoriifractiilor
x2 x+2=x2 2x+x2=x(x2)+(x2)=(x2)(x+1)
x2x13
++
x+1 2x (x2)(x+1)
Inadouaetapa:observdacanecunoscuteledelanumitorisunt"peaceeasipozitie"
Deoarecelaaldoileanumitor2xtrebuiesaschimbxcu2,scotsemnul()infactorcomun
x2)

x2 x+1)x13
(x2)(x2)(x+1)(x1)+3(x2)2 (x2 1)+3
+===
x+1 x2 (x2)(x+1)(x2)(x+1)(x2)(x+1)

x2 4x+4x2 +1+3
4x+8
4(x2)
4
===
(x2)(x+1)
(x2)(x+1)(x2)(x+1)
x+1
x+2x2 4x+3x2 +4x+4
2)()2 :
x3x2 +4x+3x2 9

t
a

m
e

m
/
o

x2 4x+3=x2 3xx+3=x(x3)(x3)=(x3)(x1)
2

t
a

a
ic

r
.
u

x +4x+3=x +3x+x+3=x(x+3)+(x+3)=(x+3)(x+1)
x2 +4x+4=(x+2)2

f
o

x2 9=(x3)(x+3)

r
p

(x+2)2 (x3)(x1)(x3)(x+3) x1
=
(x3)2 (x+3)(x+1) (x+2)2
x+1

e
/
:/
2

x+1
x14x +8
3)(+):
x2 2x x2 +2xx2 4

tt p

x+1x1
(x2)(x+2) (x+2)(x+1)+(x2)(x1)(x2)(x+2)
[+] = =
x(x2)x(x+2)4(x2 +2)
x(x2)(x+2)4(x2 +2)
x2 +x+2x+2+x2 x2x+22x2 +42(x2 +2)
1
=== =
4x(x2 +2)4x(x2 +2)4x(x2 +2) 2x
2