5 iu cn bit v hin trng ca cc sn phm bin i gen

Cc sinh vt bin i gen, ni ngn gn, l vn gy tranh ci. Mt s ngi xem hnh ng bin i
gen di truyn ca mt loi cy trng to ra ma v nng sut hn, di do hn l mt chuyn cn thit
theo kp nhu cu thc phm ngy cng tng nhanh ca th gii. Nhng ngi khc li xem y l chi
tr lm Cha mt hnh ng m nhng tc ng tr li ca n khoa hc cn cha bit ti.
Trong khi cuc tranh ci vn tip tc th cc sn phm bin i gen lan ra khp a cu c 18 nm k
t khi chng ra mt, v gi c mt trn 12% tng din tch gieo trng ca th gii.
V y l 5 iu m cc bn nn bit v hin trng ca cc sn phm bin i gen ny.
1. Chng tng trng mt cch khng khip v quy m
Khi cc cy trng bin i gen ra mt vo nm 1996, nng dn trng chng trn 1,7 triu hecta t (4,2
triu mu Anh). Ngy nay chng bao ph 175 triu hecta, theo s liu ca International Service for the
Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA - T chc Dch v Th gii v Thnh tu ca cc ng
dng Cng ngh sinh hc trong nng nghip), mt t chc phi li nhun c mc ch xc tin cng ngh
sinh hc trong nng nghip v c cp ngun kinh ph hot ng bi cc nh sn xut ht ging bng
cng ngh sinh hc.
Bt chp s tng ln ca cc ging cy bin i gen cc nc ang pht trin, ETC Group, mt t chc
thuc Canada chng li cc sn phm bin i gen, c tnh rng 80-90% s lng ht ging c
nng dn trng trt Nam bn cu l n t ngun khng chnh thng, bao gm nhng ht ging do
nng dn t dnh, chia s ht ging gia cc nng tri lng ging v cc loi ht ging bn cc ch
ti a phng v cc hi ch ht ging.

2. Bn loi cy trng chim t trng ln nht trong cc loi cy trng bin i gen ca th gii
u nnh, ng, bng v ci canola (dng p du) cng vi nhau chim ti 99% din tch trng cc
ging cy bin i gen ca th gii. Theo ISAAA, nng dn hu nh u tm n cc loi cy bin i
gen c tnh khng cn trng, chng bnh v chu c cc loi thuc tr c. V cng ngy h cng tm
n cc loi cy c th chu ng c s bin i kh hu na.

3. 5 quc gia ng u th gii trong sn lng cy trng bin i gen

Trong khi mt s ni khc, bao gm Lin minh Chu u v Trung Quc, ang ngy cng xit cht, hn
ch vic nhp khu cc sn phm bin i gen, th nhng ni khc li ang cho n cc sn phm bin
i gen nng nhit. Trong nm 2013, c 27 quc gia trng cc loi cy bin i gen, theo ISAAA, vi gn
90% tp trung 5 quc gia.

4. Hu ht cc cy ch lc Hoa K l bin i gen

Hoa K dn u th gii v sn lng cy trng bin i gen, vi 70,2 triu hecta t dnh cho vic sn
xut. Hn 90% cc loi cy trng hng u ca nc ny, bao gm ng, u nnh v bng, u l bin i
gen, tng chng mt bt u t mt thp k trc. Hoa K, khng nh Lin minh Chu u, khng i hi
vic dn nhn cc sn phm bin i gen.

5. Cc ht ging thng mi nm trong tay s t

Trn 75% cc ht ging c quyn l s hu ca 10 cng ty. Cc ht ging ny bao gm cc ht ging
thit k bin i gen cng nh cc ht ging khng bin i gen c xem l ti sn tr tu ca mt cng
ty. D l, vi nhng cng ty nh Monsanto, nhiu trong s nhng ht ging ny gn nh u l bin i
gen c. Th trng thng mi v lnh vc ht ging trong nm 2011 nm gn y nht c s liu c
gi tr 34,5 t la.
bit thm thng tin v nhng ai s hu ht ging, hay xem biu v s hp nht ngnh cng nghip
ht ging ny hnh v.