IEC 61850 Communication

Networks and Systems In

Substations:
An Overview for Users
Drew Baigent
GE Multilin
Markham, Ontario

Mark Adamiak
GE Multilin
King of Prussia, PA

Ralph Mackiewicz
SISCO, Inc.
Sterling Heights, MI

SIPSEP 2004
Monterrey, Nuevo Len, Mxico
Mircoles 10 de Noviembre, 2004

IEC61850 and UCA2

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IEC
61850

IEC61850 Substation Architecture

Station Bus - 10/100/1000 MB Ethernet

Relay(s)
Subscribe to
Datasets

Relay
IED

Relay
IED
Process Bus
.1/1/10GB
Ethernet

MU Publishes
V/I/Status
Datasets

Clk1

Relay
IED

MU

MU

PT1 I/O Optical PT2 I/O CT2

CT
MU = Merging Unit

Remote
Access

Network

MU

Clk2

Optical I/O Optical

PT
CT

IEC61850 Standard

Part 8

Basic principles

Part 1

Glossary

Part 2

General Requirements

Part 3

System and project management

Part 4

Communication requirements

Part 5

Substation Automation System Configuration

Part 6

Basic Communication Structure

Part 7

Mapping to
MMS and
Ethernet

Sampled Measured Values

Part 9

Mapping to Ethernet

Conformance testing

Part 10

IEC61850 Primary Parts

Part 6-1: Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
Part 7-2: Abstract Communications Service Interface
(ACSI) and base types
Part 7-3: Common Data Classes (CDC)
Part 7-4: Logical Nodes
Part 8-1: Specific Communications Service Mappings
(SCSM) - MMS & Ethernet
Part 9-2: SCSM - Sampled Values over Ethernet
Part 10-1: Conformance Testing

IEC61850 Class Model

Name
ObjectName
ObjectReference

SERVER

Physical Device:
access by network address

1
1..*

LOGICAL-DEVICE
1
1..*

LOGICAL-NODE
1
1..*

DATA
1
1..*

DataAttribute

Enables data from multiple

devices to be aggregated
into a single physical device
(data concentrator)

Logical Nodes
A named grouping of data and associated
services that is logically related to some
power system function.

dddXCBR1
Logical Node Instance #
Logical Node Name per
IEC 61850-7-4 (breaker)
Optional Application Specific Prefix

IEC61850-7-4 Logical Nodes

Name
Axxx
Cxxx
Gxxx
Ixxx
Lxxx
Mxxx
Pxxx
Rxxx
Sxxx
Txxx
Xxxx
Yxxx
Zxxx
Wxxx
Oxxx
Hxxx
Nxxx
Bxxx
Fxxx

Description
Automatic Control (4). ATCC (tap changer), AVCO (volt. ctrl.), etc.
Supervisory Control (5). CILO (Interlocking), CSWI (switch ctrl), etc.
Generic Functions (3). GGIO (generic I/O), etc.
Interfacing/Archiving (4). IARC (archive), IHMI (HMI), etc.
System Logical Nodes (2). LLN0 (common), LPHD (Physical
Device)
Metering & Measurement (8). MMXU (meas.), MMTR (meter.), etc.
Protection (28). PDIF, PIOC, PDIS, PTOV, PTOH, PTOC, etc.
Protection Related (10). RREC (auto reclosing), RDRE (disturbance)..
Sensors, Monitoring (4). SARC (archs), SPDC (partial discharge), etc.
Instrument Transformer (2). TCTR (current), TVTR (voltage)
Switchgear (2). XCBR (breaker), XCSW (switch)
Power Transformer (4). YPTR (transformer), YPSH (shunt), etc.
Other Equipment (15). ZCAP (cap ctrl), ZMOT (motor), etc.
Wind (Set aside for other standards)
Solar (Set aside for other standards)
Hydropower (Set aside for other standards)
Power Plant (Set aside for other standards)
Battery (Set aside for other standards)
Fuel Cells (Set aside for other standards)

Logical Node Description - XCBR

SPS

Common Data Class

Data Name

Mandatory/Optional
Description

Single Point Status (SPS) CDC

(e.g. loc)

stVal

Attribute
Name Type

Functional
Constraint

Range of
Values

Mandatory/
Optional

Object Name Structure

Relay1/XCBR1$ST$Loc$stVal
Attribute
Data
Functional Constraint
Logical Node
Logical Device

ACSI
Abstract Communications Service Interface

Defines a set of Objects

Defines a set of Services to
manipulate and access those objects
Defines a base set of data types for
describing objects

ACSI Objects
ACSI Object Class (7-2)

MMS Object (8-1)

SERVER class

Virtual Manufacturing Device (VMD)

LOGICAL DEVICE class

Domain

LOGICAL NODE class

Named Variable

DATA class

Named Variable

DATA-SET class

Named Variable List

SETTING-GROUP-CONTROL-BLOCK class

Named Variable

REPORT-CONTROL-BLOCK class

Named Variable

LOG class

Journal

LOG-CONTROL-BLOCK class

Named Variable

GOOSE-CONTROL-BLOCK class

Named Variable

GSSE-CONTROL-BLOCK class

Named Variable

CONTROL class

Named Variable

Files

Files

ACSI Services
Enable
Self
Describing
Devices

Reporting Features
Unbuffered Reporting is equivalent to
UCA2 reports
Buffered reporting enables the server to
retain data if associations are lost enabling
the client to retrieve ALL data.

Relay-Relay Messaging
GSSE:
Generic Substatation
Status Event
128 status bit pairs
InformationReport

GOOSE:
Generic Object Oriented
Substation Event

OSI Connectionless
Non-Routable Profile

Data set containing

named values and status

Ethernet Multicast Address

Ethernet Multicast Address

Published to all devices

subscribed to data on
multi-cast address

Published to all devices

subscribed to data on
multi-cast address

(UCA GOOSE)

GOOSE/GSSE is Reliable Multicast

NON-EXISTENT
New State: 1.Sequence Number = 0
2.State Number++
3. Reset HoldTimer

1. Hold Time Preset ++

2. Start Hold Timer
3. Sequence Number ++

RETRANSMITPENDING
HoldTime expired

SEND Message

SCL Substation Configuration Language

IEC61850-6-1
Description language for communication
in electrical substations related to the
IEDs
XML based language that allows a formal
description of
Substation automation system and the switchyard
and the relation between them
IED configuration

SCL File Types

SSD: System Specification Description.
XML description of the entire system.

SCD: Substation Configuration Description.

XML description of a single substation.
ICD: IED Capability Description.
XML description of items supported by an IED.

CID: Configured IED Description.

XML configuration for a specific IED.

Sampled Measured Values

A method for transmitting sampled
measurements from transducers such as
CTs, VTs, and digital I/O.
Enables sharing of I/O signals among IEDs
Supports 2 transmission methods:
Multicast service (MSVC) over Ethernet
Unicast (point-to-point) service (USVC) over
serial links.

SMV Application

IEC61850 Controls
4 Control Models:

Direct Control with normal security

SBO Control with normal security
Direct Control with enhanced security
SBO Control with enhanced security

Enhanced Security provides validation and

supervision of the control action and
reporting of status.

IEC61850 Profiles

Relationship to UCA2
IEC 61850-7-2
(Services and base
data types)

CASM

IEC 61850-7-3
(Common Data Classes)

GOMSFE
ic
Br
ks

IEC 61850-7-4
(Logical Nodes)

IEC 61850-8-1
(Mapping to MMS)

Terminology
UCA2.0

GOMSFE
CASM
Brick
GOOSE

IEC61850

CDC
ACSI
Logical Node
Generic Substation
Status Event (GSSE)

UCA2 vs. 61850 Object Models

Data Object Model

Data Set Model
Association Model
Server Model
Unbuffered Reporting
Model
Security Model
Time Model
Direct and SBO Control
GSSE (called GOOSE in UCA2)

Data Object Model

Data Set Model
Association
Server
Unbuffered and Buffered
Reporting
No explicit Security
Time
Direct, SBO, enhanced Control
GOOSE, GSSE, and GSE
Management

UCA2 IEC61850 Migration

UCA2.0 is mostly a subset of IEC61850.
Some additional services and objects.
Some object changes.
IEC61850 uses SNTP for networked time
synch.
An IEC61850 client can be compatible with
both UCA2 and IEC61850.

Benefits of IEC61850
SIPSEP 2004 Communications Panel
Session
Ralph Mackiewicz
SISCO, Inc.
ralph@sisconet.com

Keys to Obtaining Benefits

Requires a view of cost beyond just the
purchase price.
The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the
price of the device: Benefit is in lower cost to use
the device.
The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying
the system: Benefit is in lower costs to start and use
the system.

IEC61850 is Unique
Not a recast serial RTU protocol
Designed specifically for LANs to lower life
cycle cost to use a device:
Cost to install, configure, and maintain

Real object-oriented approach for SA:

Supports standardized device models using names
instead of object/register numbers and indexes.
Standardized configuration language (SCL).
Feature rich with support for functions difficult to
implement otherwise.

IEC61850 Network Architecture

Data from IEDs available to all applications
via network.
Communications unaffected when adding
devices or applications.
Standard net. gear provides high perf. &
flexibility with environmental protection.
Applications and IEDs share common:

Protocols
Data Format and Context
Data Addressing/naming Conventions
Configuration Language

IEC61850 View of Devices

Only network addressing requires configuration
in the remote client.
Point names portray the meaning and hierarchy
of the data.
Point names can be retrieved from the device
automatically without manual intervention.
All devices share a common naming convention.
Device configurations can be exchanged using
IEC61850-6-1 (SCL) files

Benefits of IEC61850
High-level services enable self-describing
devices & automatic object discovery saving $$$
$$ in configuration, setup and maintenance.
Standardized naming conventions with power
system context eliminates device dependencies
and tag mapping saving $$$$ in config., setup,
and maintenance.
Standardized configuration file formats enables
exchange of device configuration saving $$$$ in
design, specification, config., setup, and maint.

Benefits of IEC61850
Higher performance multi-cast messaging for
inter-relay communications enables functions not
possible with hard wires and save $$$$ in wiring
and maintenance.

Multi-cast messaging enables sharing of

transducer (CT/PT) signals saving $$$$ by
reducing transducers and calibration costs.

Justification
Description

Legacy

Network

Impact

Equipment
Purchase

$$

Installation

$$

Configuration

$$$

Equip/App
Migration

$$$

Flexibility &
Capability

$$$

Thank You
Ralph Mackiewicz
SISCO, Inc.
6605 19 Mile Road
Sterling Heights, MI 48314-1408 USA
Tel: +586-254-0020 x103
Fax: +586-254-0053
E-Mail: ralph@sisconet.com
Complete presentations and papers will be posted at:
http://www.sisconet.com/techinfo.htm