Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Extending The Life of Bridges
Extending The Life of Bridges
REPAIR2006
Abstracts of the Eleventh
International Conference
on
www.structuralfaultsandrepair.com
1
STRUCTURAL FAULTS +
REPAIR2006
First published in June 2006
by
ENGINEERING TECHNICS PRESS
46 Cluny Gardens
Edinburgh EH10 6BN, UK
Tel: +44-(0)131-447 0447
Fax: +44-(0)131-452 8596
www.structuralfaultsandrepair.com
email: books@ecspublications.com
ISBN 0-947644-58-10
The Contributors
named in the List of Contents 2006
Printed in Scotland
by
Meigle Colour Printers Ltd
Tweedbank Industrial Estate, Galashiels
Tel: +44-(0)1896-753076
www.structuralfaultsandrepair.com
2
STRUCTURAL FAULTS +
REPAIR2006
Scientific Advisory Board
Dr I Al-Qadi, Univ of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
CONTENTS
Theme 1:
Day 1:
Keynote Papers
Bridges
Day 2:
Day 3:
Theme 2:
Day 1:
Day 2:
Day 3:
Theme 3:
Day 1:
Day 2:
Timber Structures..............................................................................159
Building Inspection & Repair ...........................................................165
Concrete Repair.................................................................................171
Fire Damage & Repair ......................................................................177
Building Repair using Composites ...................................................181
Day 3:
KEYNOTE PAPERS
DEGRADATION MECHANICS OF
BRIDGE CABLES
KM Mahmoud
DETECTING DETERIORATION
BEHIND GFRP WRAP
STRENGTHNING OF BRIDGE
COLUMNS
O Bykztrk, T-Y Yu
DEBONDING FAILURES OF
RC BEAMS FLEXURALLY
STRENGTHENED WITH
EXTERNALLY BONDED FRP
REINFORCEMENT
Prof JG Teng
obuyuk@mit.edu, youngyu@mit.edu
Keywords: NDE, GFRP-wrapped concrete
columns, airborne radar, far-field condition,
delamination
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 1:
Bridge Management & Assessment
11
12
EXPERIMENTAL SAFETY
EVALUATION OF CONCRETE AND
MASONRY BRIDGES
Prof M Gutermann
Prof K Steffens
Ing.-GmbH,
M Alisa
14
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 1:
Concrete Bridges
15
16
STRENGTHENING OF CONCRETE
BRIDGES BY USE OF EXTERNAL
PRESTRESSING
Dr H Pedersen
ITK Leong
ASSESSMENT OF REINFORCED
CONCRETE HALF JOINTS IN THE
KINGSTON BRIDGE APPROACHES
USING NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS
Dr D Boothman, S Leckie
I MacGregor
A Brodie
CONDITION ASSESSMENT OF
CONCRETE BRIDGES DURING
DEMOLITION
Prof T Vogel & R Barghr
TP Schoellen
DEVELOPMENT OF A FLEXIBLE
CONCRETE ARCH
SE Taylor, A Long, B Rankin
Keywords: Field testing of bridges, precast bridge elements, bridges for low
volume roads
EXPERIMENTAL TESTS ON
SEISMIC RETROFIT OF RC
BRIDGE PIERS
P Delgado & P Rocha
Miguel Santos
JS Ingersoll
N Randl
22
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 1:
Steel Bridges + Steel-concrete
Composite Bridges & Cable-stayed Bridges
23
24
STRUCTURAL ASSESMENT OF
SUSPENSION BRIDGES EXAMPLE
OF FORTH BRIDGE IN THE UK
M de Wit, G Hovhanessian
25
YS Bayleyegn
26
Dr MG Barker
EXECUTIVE APPROACHES TO
CONSTRUCT RAILWAY BRIDGES
WHILE RAILWAY LINE IS IN
OPERATION
JA Zakeri
Paolo Casadei
30
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 1:
Prestressed & Post-tensioned Concrete Bridges
31
32
IS EXTERNAL POST-TENSIONING
AN EFFECTIVE SOLUTION FOR
SHEAR STRENGTHENING OF
BRIDGE ELEMENTS?
T Aravinthan
D Ozevin
PRECAST, POST-TENSIONED
BRIDGE REPAIR SOLUTIONS
MD LaViolette
D Bierwagen
KS Swenson
N Gao
WE Fason
36
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 2:
Masonry Arch Bridges
37
38
THE REFURBISHMENT OF
DOWLEY GAP AQUEDUCT: LEEDS
AND LIVERPOOL CANAL, UNITED
KINGDOM
F Hartley
ARCHTEC - STRENGTHENING
AND PRESERVING
MASONRY ARCH BRIDGES IN
CUMBRIA
PJ Mullett
M Briggs
K. Minton
STRENGTHENING OF MASONRY
ARCH BRIDGES USING
TRANSVERSAL POST-TENSIONING
Dr L Klusek
Prof S Kisin
Neboja Ravic
R Mitrenga
DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF
AN HISTORIC ARCH BRIDGE
Prof C Gentile
REINFORCEMENT OF OLD
BRICK ARCH BRIDGE BY STEEL
SHELL STRUCTURE MADE FROM
CORRUGATED PLATES
Dr D Beben
Prof Z Manko
43
44
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 2:
NDT & Monitoring of Bridges
45
46
m.forde@ed.ac.uk
B Hill
DAMAGE EVALUATION OF
CONCRETE IN A ROAD BRIDGE
BY DECAT
T Suzuki
IL Kennedy-Reid
Dr R Woodward
G Komeno, M Ohtsu
ACOUSTIC MONITORING OF
POST-TENSIONED BRIDGES
S Fricker, Prof T Vogel
NON-DESTRUCTIVE
INVESTIGATION OF FULL-SCALE
BARGE IMPACTS ON BRIDGE
PIERS
CC Ferraro, AJ Boyd, GR Consolazio
DEVELOPMENT OF NDT
TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSMENT
OF SHORT SPAN BRIDGES USING
SIMPLE DYNAMIC PROCEDURES
Prof K Crews, Prof B Samali, Dr J Li
VIRTUAL TESTING OF A
COMPOSITE ARMY BRIDGE
Prof. Ayman Mosallam
AMBIENT VIBRATION-BASED
MODEL UPDATING OF SIMILAR R.
C. ARCH BRIDGES
Prof C Gentile
Dr G Pedrazzi
50
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 3:
Bridge Repair using Advanced Composites
51
52
Dr L Canning
DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE
COMPOSITE SYSTEM FOR
STRUCTURAL UPGRADE OF
STEEL BRIDGE GIRDERS
Prof A Mosallam
University of California, Irvine, USA
mosallam@uci.edu
ANALYSIS OF CFRP
STRENGTHENED CONCRETE
BRIDGE PIERS USING THE
STRUCT-TIE METHOD
SD Park
Dr RS Aboutaha
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 3:
Concrete Bridge Deck Inspection + Repair
55
56
REINFORCED HIGH
PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
FOR REHABILITATION OF
ORTHOTROPIC STEEL BRIDGE
DECKS
Peter Buitelaar
Peter de Jong
Dr AK Eitel
Dr Y Zou
Keywords:
replacement
Bridge,
deck,
GFRP,
DURABILITY OF WEARING
SURFACES FOR FRP BRIDGE
DECKS
P Wattanadechachan, Dr RS Aboutaha
pwattana@syr.edu, rsabouta@syr.edu
Keywords: Bridge decks, FRP decks,
wearing surfaces, polymer concrete,
polymer modified concrete, thermal
compatibility
Wearing surface materials are needed on
bridge decks for skid and wear resistance,
and to withstand the daily traffic loads
during the service life of the bridge. For
fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite
bridge decks, a wearing surface also serves
as a cover to protect the slick and soft-top
surface of the panels. Field surveys in
several USA states have shown fast
deterioration of wearing surface materials
(WSM). The cause of deterioration is
attributed to incompatibility between the
WSM and the FRP decks, and several other
physical and environmental factors.
This paper presents causes of
deteriorations in wearing surfaces used on
FRP bridges decks, as well as experimental
investigation of thermal compatibility
between several types of WSM and FRP
bridge decks. The types of wearing surfaces
investigated included; polymer modified
concrete, polymer concrete, asphalt,
and polymer modified asphalt. Thermal
compatibility between WSM and FRP was
investigated using ASTM C884 Standard
Test, freeze-thaw-heat non-standard test,
and submerge-freeze non-standard test. A
hybrid wearing surface system, which offers
both excellent bond to the FRP bridge deck
and excellent wearing resistance to traffic
loads is recommended and presented.
61
62
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 3:
Corrosion + Cathodic Protection
in Concrete Bridges
63
64
CHLORIDE PERMEABILITY OF
CONCRETE IN BRIDGES
JE Bledsoe, Dr I Szabo
BQ Tempest, Dr J Gergely
RE Weyers, RM Weyers
TJ Kirkpatrick
65
K Brown
66
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 3:
Timber Bridges
67
68
INVESTIGATION OF PILE
DISPLACEMENT EFFECTS ON
A TIMBER TRESTLE BRIDGE
CHORD: PHYSICAL AND
COMPUTER MODELS
SA Babcock, J Balogh, WA Charlie,
RM Gutkowski
69
70
Theme 1: Bridges
Day 3:
Case Studies of Bridge Repair
71
72
73
G Mesiti
75
76
77
78
INTEREST OF COUPLING
SEVERAL NON DESTRUCTIVE
TECHNIQUES FOR DIAGNOSIS OF
CONCRETE STZRUCTURES
D Breysse, C Sirieix, J-F Lataste
J-P Balayssac
J Ceesay, AM Amde
JW Newman
DJ Wallace
Dr K Suda
Dr K Yokozek
Dr SC Lee
T Shiotani
MA Caponero, F Fabbri
82
APPLICATION OF X-RAY
TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE
VERIFICATION OF DAMAGE
MECHANISMS IN CONCRETE
Dr F Weise, Dr J Goebbels, B Maier
Wang Wenqiang
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY
MEASUREMENTS ON VARIOUS
CONCRETES SUBMITTED
TO MARINE ENVIRONMENT:
FIRST DRAFT FOR ASSESSING
POROSITY WITH CND
J-F Lataste, D Breysse, C Sirieix,
S Naar
USE OF COMPUTED
TOMOGRAPHY IN EXAMINING
THE PORE STRUCTURE OF
CONCRETE
Sinan Caliskan
84
DAMAGE EVALUATION ON
CONCRETE MATERIALS USING
CHARACTERISTICS OF ELASTIC
WAVES
DG Aggelis, Tomoki Shiotani
85
86
87
88
EVALUATION OF DISTRIBUTED
CRACKING DAMAGE USING
TRANSIENT STRESS WAVES
Dr K Kesner
Dr MJ Sansalone
Dr RW Poston
91
92
DAMAGE QUANTIFICATION OF
AGING CONCRETE STRUCTURES
BY MEANS OF NDT
T Shiotani, DG Aggelis
FAILURE OF AN INVESTIGATION
DA Cuoco
94
95
96
CATHODIC PROTECTION
SYSTEMS IN STEEL FRAME
BUILDINGS
Dr M Mazraeh, Dr H Garden
CATHODIC PROTECTION TO
CONTROL CORROSION OF STEEL
IN CONCRETE AN UPDATE
Dr S El-Belbol, Dr R Walker,
D Kimberley
PREDICTION ON CORROSION
OF REINFORCEMENTS WITH
DIFFERENT WIDTHS OF CRACKS
Y Moroyama, T Nishido, K Toda
98
99
100
RE-STRENGTHENING OF
EXISTING PRE-STRESSED
CONCRETE TURBINE DECK
USING CARBON FIBER
REINFORCED POLYMER (CFRP)
MATERIAL
RR Bick
FUNDAMENTAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH
MODULUS CFRP MATERIALS FOR
STRENGTHENING OF STEELCONCRETE COMPOSITE BEAMS
M Dawood, S Rizkalla, E Sumner
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF
PLAIN CONCRETE BEAMS
STRENGTHENED WITH
EXTERNALLY BONDED CFRP
Professor CA Issa
A Sfeir
Y Sato
FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF
RC BEAMS REPAIRED WITH
CEMENTITIOUS AND POLYMERMODIFIED CEMENTITIOUS
MORTARS
R Nsambu
K Brosens
Prof A Gomes
W Dekeyser, J Gallens
FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF
RC BEAMS STRENGTHENED
WITH FRP COMPOSITE SHEETS
SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT LOAD
CASES
Dr YA Al-Salloum
Prof JG Teng
J Yao
REINFORCED CONCRETE
'T' BEAMS STRENGTHENED
IN BENDING WITH NEAR
SURFACE MOUNTED (NSM) FRP
REINFORCEMENT
EK Castro, GS Melo, Y Nagato
PERFORMANCE OF CONCRETE
BEAMS REINFORCED WITH GFRP
BARS
Dr. A. F. Ashour
108
109
110
111
FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS OF
THE PERMIT ION MIGRATION
TEST FOR DETERMINING THE
CHLORIDE DIFFUSIVITY OF
CONCRETE
SV Nanukuttan, Prof PAM Basheer,
Dr DJ Robinson
NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
OF THE RAPID SURFACE
MODIFICATION OF STONE USED
IN CONSTRUCTION
Prof BJ Smith
Dr JM Curran
MONITORING INTERNAL
CHANGES IN CONCRETE DURING
CARBONATION AND CHLORIDE
INGRESS USING A COVERCRETE
ELECTRODE ARRAY
Prof PAM Basheer
Dr D Russell
Dr. R. Andrews
114
115
116
DURABILITY PERFORMANCE OF
EPOXY INJECTED REINFORCED
CONCRETE BEAMS WITH AND
WITHOUT FRP FABRICS
Prof JJ Myers, M Ekene
Dr DW Fowler
PROPERTIES OF CEMENTITIOUS
COMPOSITE-BASED RUBBER
PARTICLES
A. Benazzouk, O. Douzane,
M. Quneudec
T Hogue
C Jordan
118
119
FULL-SCALE TESTING OF RC
COLUMNS STRENGTHENED
WITH STEEL ANGLES AND STEEL
BATTENS
Dr PA Caldern, E Gimnez, JM Adm
S Ivorra
120
NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF
BEHAVIOUR OF STRENGTHENED
RC COLUMNS UNDER CYCLIC
LOADING
AP Lampropoulos, SE Dritsos
EFFECT OF ADDITION
OF WOOD SHAVINGS ON
PHYSICO-MECHANICAL
CHARACTERISTICS OF SAND
CONCRETES
M Bederina, Med M Khenfer
B Ladoudi, M Quneudec
A Bali
RETROFITTING OF SQUARE
REINFORCED CONCRETE
COLUMNS SUBJECTED TO
CONCENTRIC AXIAL LOADING
WITH STEEL JACKETS
Dr K Al-Deen I Bsisu
STRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF
DETERIORATED CONCRETE
MEMBERS
M Tapan, Dr RS Aboutaha
122
123
124
Edward Donnelly
Fyfe Company LLC, Los Angeles, CA 92121,
USA
ed@fibrwrap.com
125
126
127
128
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
OF THE SEISMIC RETROFIT OF
SHEAR CRITICAL SQUARE RC
COLUMNS WITH LONGITUDINAL
CFRP BONDED AND TRANSVERSE
AFRP STRIPS USING ACTIVE AND
PASSIVE CONFINEMENT
SM Taleie, Prof H Moghaddam
SEISMIC UPGRADING OF
SQUARE AND RECTANGULAR RC
COLUMNS USING FRP WRAPPING:
NUMERICAL MODELING
MAN Abdel-Mooty
ME Issa
HM Farag, Bitar
130
131
132
C Hidalgo
S Ivorra
FAB Branco
Keywords:
Concrete,
longitudinal shear, strength
interface,
AN ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE
FOR RC BEAMS STRENGTHENED
BY NEW CONCRETE LAYERS
OT Tsioulou, SE Dritsos
135
136
137
138
Kang, Ho Kyoung
Keywords:
Damage,
corrosion,
protective cover, prefabricated members,
rehabilitation, protective surface
In addition to the description of the
structure, 30 years old, regarding its
specificities, details related to its production
technology are also given. They include
problems of inspections made during
February and March 2003, corresponding
surveys and examinations in situ in order
to assess conditions relevant for the Aerator
of the Strand source in Novi Sad. These
data were a basis for a condition evaluation
of some elements that served as a base
for producing a rehabilitation project.
Concerning the complex conditions of
exploitation in many elements, various
damages were registered, and thus
described and illustrated by photographs.
All important parts of the building and
structures elements are described. Damage
is related to phenomenon conditions.
Due to small concrete depth covers, the
prefabricated reinforced concrete members
were considerably damaged. This paper
presents repair and rehabilitation works
as well. General considerations for all
members to be rehabilitated are presented
as well as procedures for preparation and
scope of repair and rehabilitation works
for each structural element, all aiming
to provide required safety, durability and
STABILIZATION OF HILLSIDE
IN THE WORK TERRACES OF
ALCAIDESA IN SAN ROQUE
(CADIZ)
Prof CJ Cabaes
Dr CE Demers
141
J Kala
142
Prof YS Cho
Prof YS Cho
144
145
146
EXPERIMENTAL SAFETY
EVALUATION OF HISTORIC
STRUCTURES RECONSTRUCTION
OF THE 'NEUES MUSEUM' AT
BERLIN
Dr M Gutermann
Prof K Steffens
Ing.-GmbH,
ELECTROKINETIC REMOVAL OF
SALTS FROM BRICK MASONRY
LM Ottosen, AJ Pedersen, I RrigDalgaard
COLLAPSE OF A SLAB IN
'FESTIVITIES HALL VERSAILLES'
IN JERUSALEM, MAY 24, 2001
QUESTION MARKS REGARDING
THE SHEAR RESISTANCE OF
BEAMS
Dr AS Scarlat
ADDITIONAL STRENGTHENING
OF MASONRY VAULTS WITH
NON-PRESTRESSED ADDITIONAL
REINFORCEMENT
Prof P tpnek, M Zlmal
149
STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR
OF A MASONRY WALL UNDER
HORIZONTAL CYCLIC LOAD;
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL
STUDY
A Costa, B Silva, J Guedes, A Arde
University of Porto, Faculty of Engineering,
Dep. of Civil Engineering, Porto, Portugal
jguedes@fe.up.pt, jguedes@fe.up.pt
aarede@fe.up.pt
A Costa
150
151
152
A REVIEW OF RESEARCH
ON BLAST RESISTANCE OF
CONCRETE AND MASONRY
STRUCTURES RETROFITTED
WITH FRP
PA Buchan
SEISMIC PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION OF RENOVATED
SEWAGE STRUCTURES
M Nakano, Z Shi
S Sato, K Nakatsui
JF Chen
T Deguchi
154
155
156
CATHODIC PROTECTION
TO PREVENT AGAINST
ACCELERATED LOW WATER
CORROSION
Jim Preston
K Suh
157
158
159
160
TIME-DEPENDENT LOAD
PERFORMANCE OF NOTCHED
WOOD-CONCRETE COMPOSITE
BEAMS
Dr R Gutkowski, R Fast
Dr J Balogh
Dr M Fragiacomo
NUMERICAL STUDY OF
TRADITIONAL ROOF
STRUCTURES
Dr K Mikes
164
165
166
BIO-COMPOSITE STRUCTURAL
PANELS FOR LOW RISE
CONSTRUCTION
HW Shenton III, A Conklin, B Hu, RP
Wool
STRUCTURAL REPAIR OF
THE MINISTRY OF PLANNING
BUILDINGS COMPLEX AFTER
IRAQ LIBERATION WAR 2003
H Al-Madfai
STRENGTHENING OF RC FRAMES
WITH EXTERNAL RC SHEAR
WALL
Prof MY Kaltakci, M Hakan Arslan,
US Yilmaz
169
170
171
172
Dr H Davies
Mr J Knights
CONCRETE STRUCTURE
MANAGEMENT - THE OWNERS
GUIDE: AN INTRODUCTION TO A
GUIDE TO GOOD PRACTICE BY
FIB TG 5.3
Dr S L Matthews
WHOLE-BUILDING BEHAVIOUR:
FULL-SCALE TESTING
AND MODELLING OF THE
CARDINGTON EUROPEAN
CONCRETE BUILDING (ECB)
SL Matthews, TDG Canisius,
R Rupasinghe, N Waleed, T Lennon
FULL-SCALE STRUCTURAL
PERFORMANCE TESTS UPON
THREE LARGE PANEL SYSTEM
(LPS) BUILDINGS IN THE UK
Dr SL Matthews, B Reeves,
Dr T Canisius
175
ELECTROCHEMICAL MIGRATION
OF LITHIUM IONS INTO
HARDENED CONCRETE AND ASR
EXPANSION AFTER TREATMENT
Dr T Ueda, Y Baba
Dr M Asida, A Nanasawa
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
STRENGTHENING MASONRY
BUILDINGS WITH FRP
COMPOSITES
P Foster, Dr J Gergely, Dr D Young
Dr M McGinley
183
N Galati, A Nanni
184
185
186
ASSESSMENT OF BEARING
STRUCTURE OF A MULTISTOREY
PARKING GARAGE
Prof R Foli, V Radonjanin, M Maleev
Dr K Turnpenny, R Baldwin
188
189
190
A Costa
E Pauprio
191
STRUCTURAL REPAIR OF A
VILLAGE CHURCH
Dr L Klusek, Z Baant
N Ravic, O Kisin
Prof AA Abdel-Gawad
J Mca
194
195
196
G Manfredi
S Voto
F Palmaccio
197
198
199
200
NON-DESTRUCTIVE DEFECT
LOCATION AND SIZING IN
CONCRETE COLUMNS AND
MASONRY PILLARS FROM
IMPACT-ECHO TESTING
Dr C Colla, Prof G Pascale
M Hbner
RADAR INVESTIGATION ON
CIVIL STRUCTURES USING 3D
DATA RECONSTRUCTION AND
TRANSMISSION TOMOGRAPHY
L Topczewski, F Fernandes, PJS Cruz,
P B Loureno, LF Ramos
QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION
OF CHLORINE AND SULPHUR
CONTENT IN BUILDING
MATERIALS BY LASER-INDUCED
BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY
D Schaurich, A Taffe, F Weritz,
G Wilsch
ASSESSMENT OF WATER
SATURATION IN A REINFORCED
CONCRETE STRUCTURES: NON
DESTRUCTIVE TESTING OF
TARBES PRECAST DUCT
S Naar, C Sirieix, D Breysse
X Drobert
203
M Micire
Keywords:
investigations
Robots,
forensic,
204
205
206
tds@sensoft.ca
Keywords: GPR, concrete, analysis
Prof IJ Padaratz
208
209
210
AE BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE
WITH LOW-TREATED RECYCLED
AGGREGATE IN COMPRESSION
TEST
T Watanabe, S Nishibata, C Hashimoto
M Ohtsu
212