ItzelleUrbina

March12,2015
Ms.ZRoom22

TheParthenon

TheParthenonispartofthewesterncivilizationofAncient
Greece.TheAthensbuilttheparthenonforAthenaParthenos,the
goddessofwisdombecausesheandPoseidonhadacontesttogivethe
townpeopleagift.WhenPoseidonmadethetownpeoplehorsestosell
sotheycanberichtheywerehappy,butthenAthenamadeolivetreesfor
thetownpeople.Whenthetownpeoplechosewhogavethebettergift
theyvotedforAthenaandPoseidon.Thenthepeopleendedupmakinga
templeforbothAthenaandPoseidon.

OriginalParthenon
ThiswasthefirsttemplebuiltforAthena

Parthenosinc.
490488BC.TheparthenonwasrebuiltafterthebattleofMarathon.The
battleofmarathonwaswhenthepersiansattackedGreecewhich
destroyedtheoriginalParthenonandtheothertemplesinGreece.Later
oninGreecetheystartedrebuildingtheparthenon.ThenewerParthenon
isstillthesame.
HowWasTheOriginalParthenonDestroyed
Theoriginalparthenonwasdestroyedduring490bcwhichwas
whenthebattleofmarathonbeganbetweenthePersiansandthe
Athenians.AtthattimetheoriginalParthenonwasalreadybuilt.Whenthe
Persiansattackedtheathens,Atheniansranfortheirlivesandabandoned
theircity.WhentheAtheniansleftthePersiansdestroyedtheathenians
homesandtemplesbyputtingthemonfire.


Architecture

Inmostgreektemplesthereisapostandlintelconstructionand
aresurroundedbycolumnswithentablature.Inthatstyleithasseventeen
onallsides.ThecolumnsoftheParthenonareofthedoricorder.Theroof
oftheParthenoniscoveredwithmarbletiles.Thatbuildingis
prehistorical.

FoodSupplyInTheAthens
ThefoodsupplyintheAthensisstable.Theatheniansfriedthier
foodwitholiveoil.Vegetablesareveryimportanttotheathenians.Oneof
thefoodsthatathenianseatisbread.Breadwasmostlymadeintoflat
breadandbarleycake.Tomakebreadyouneededwheat.Forthe
Atheniansitwashardtogrow,sotheyhadittransportedtothemfrom
differentcities.By400B.Ctheirwas50to70differenttypesofbreadin
Greece.theyalsohadmilkthatwasmadeintocheese.Andtheyalso
madebutterforthebarbariansoldiers.TheAthenianssoldfreshfishat
markets.Thefirsttunacaughtinagoodyearwouldbegivento
poseiden.Atheniansalsoatemeatalittle.Only2to5poundswereeaten
inayearbecausetheydidntlikeit.Theyevenhadvegeteriansthat
neglectedtoeatmeat.Thatswhyvegetableareimportanttothe
athenians.Intheathenstheirisfourmealsadaytheyare
akratisma
(breakfast),ariston(middaymeal),hesperisma,(earlyeveningsnack)
anddeipnon(laterdinner.)Latertheychangedthenametoakratisma
(breakfast),deipnon(middaymeal),dorpestos(earlyeveningsnack),and
epidorpis(laterdinner.)Intheathensmenaretheonlyoneswhodrinkthe
wine.Theydrankwinewithcheeseandbread.TheGreeksbelievedthat
whenyoudrankenoughwine,youcouldhaveyourbodypossessedby
Eros,DionysusortheMuses.
Goverment
Atheniandemocracywasthefirstknowndemocracyinthe
world.
Itwasadirectdemocracy,inwhichparticipatingcitizensvoted
directlyonlegislationandexecutivebills.Participatingwasnotallowedto

allpeopletovotetheyhadtobeanadult,malecitizen,andthenumberof
thesevariedbetween30,000and50,000outofatotalpopulationof
around250,000to300,000.OnlyadultmaleAtheniancitizenswhohad
completedtheirmilitarytrainingasephebeshadtherighttovotein
Athens.Thewomenintheathenshadlimitedrightsandprivilegesand
werebarelyevenconsideredcitizenstothegovernment.

Technology

TheInventionsintheathensarewaterclocks,waterorgans,torsion
catapults,theuseofsteamtousesomeexperimentalmachinesandtoys,
andacharttofindprimenumbers.Theonlyreasontheywereinventedto
useduringwar.Thepeoplethatneededsomethingbuilttheygotpeople
whowantedtoprovidemanuallabor.Laterinthefuturetherewerebetter
inventions.

Bibliography
MybibliographyistheWikipedia,encyclopedia,kidrex,and
cooksinfohelpedme.