3.

Methodology

Figure 1. Project flowchart

In the simulation phase, the student will calculate the average flux in the core
by assuming terminal voltage equal to induce voltage in which the maximum
flux can be obtain when sin

t = 1 where,

= 2 f . After this, the

student will consider placing dc flux in the core known as unipolar flux that
flow in one direction only with zero frequency. Then, the dc and AC flux in the
core will be induced with the net flux in the core as follow:

1.

2.

net

net

dc

dc

ac

Sin

max

In addition, the student will consider the existing current and flux of a power transformer iron
core by considering M as the knee peak and Is along with saturation current and flux. This study
will consider both aspects of k1 and k2 as the gradients of the piecewise magnetizing settings. As
the transformers are set to the knee point at rated conditions, transformers will be apt to saturate
at a smaller direct current as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Excitation current and flux of power transformer with dc and without dc bias

3.1Experimental phase
The student need to analyzes and compare the effect of different direction of DC
bias to B-H curve, flux density and magnetizing current from simulation and
experimentation. An experiment conduct to investigate the effect of DC bias on real
power transformers. The experiment used single phase power transformer prototype. The
experiment is set up with two difference connection to represented different direction of
DC bias. An AC input voltage to primary winding is connected to AC power supply with
voltage variable to achieved the certain magnetize flux densities (Tesla). The equipment
and apparatus used in the experiment are AC power supply, single phase power
transformer, variable resistor, switching diode, AC power analyzer, and the variable DC
bias current be found by variable resistance adjusted. Figure 3.3 shown the experiment
set up for difference direction DC bias of power transformer.

Figure 3.3: Experiment set up for positive direction of DC bias

on power transformer