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-Sup 162

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-Sup 165

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-Sup 183

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2,

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-Sup 170
10

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"UuUm@ Gum EmUVp YuUm Rum GuT

T\lTu\,
+N = fN

7, Til TVo

""D TRp CPLWm CnVRp

B Pp AVLWm IVRp
Ru]t WhPp uu\ UnRp
C]Lp C]Vm Tit VpT@@

C,BPp
DTRp
BPp
"C]Vm@ Gu\R]p ULWm LhP
YLW EPmTUnTt\
EPpUp EoYk JuY CVpT

D, AVLWm IVRp

-Sup 136

NY
NmU+A
Nm+A
Nm+A
N+A
Nq+A
N(q+A) = NY
TkQm
TU+Qm
T+Qm
T+Qm

DTRp
AVLWm IVRp
"C]Vm@ Gu\R]p CPLWm
NLWjR LhP
p Y V. R I. S. .u
U- LUm@

T+Qm
TkQm

E, Ru]tWhPp
DTRp
Dt\Vp EoLPp
Ru]t CWhPp
EPpUp EoYk JuY CVpT

F, uu\ UnRp

Tfu
TU+Fu
T+Fu
Tf + Fu
Tff + Fu
Tf(f+F)u = Tfu
Yg]m
YmU+]m
Ym + ]m
Yg+]m
Yg]m

G, C]Lp

UWm
U + UWm
UWm
11

D TRp
CPLWm CnVRp
VLW EPmTUn T\p

DTRp
uu\ Un(m) Rp

A, DTRp
DTRp +UWm

TVu
TU+Au
T+Au
T+Au
T(n+A)u=TVu

TeL
TU+L
T+L

DTRp
YU RpYpXjd]U]
Up]m Rp,

Te+L
TeL
12

\YkR Ts YlTP U\YL CdL AR] EQojR

Y\ Ts YlTPVL tU AUdm CXdV EjV
C\fVm, Cm RnYm eLXL Es[ LlT[ Ydm
YQ]p ll T[L AUm RuU LiP,

2, RL pLs
GhjRL
CWiPWm BiLd tThP LXm NeLLXm G]d
dLlTu\, NeL LXjp Rp RuV pL[f NeL
CXdVeLs GuTo, AY. TjlTh. GhjRL G]
YLlTjRlThs[], CYt\ UtLQd pLs G] YZeYo,
GhjRL pLs XYt-k TPpLs X TPUL
AUdLlThs[],
StQ. kRL. Ie. TtlTj. TTPp.
L-jRL. ALS. \S GuT] GhjRL pL[m,
""StQ SpX kRL Ie()
JjR TtlTj() Ke TTPp
Lt\kRo Hjm L-V() ALm\m Gu()
Cj\jR Ghj RL@@
Gum TZmTPp GhjRL pL[f hu\, CYts
TtlTjm \Sm \lTs TtV pL[m, TTPp
ALl\lTPpL[d LiP p, GgVY ALlTs pL[m,
ALlTs TtV pL-k TZkRr UdLu ALYrdL
\]m \lTs pL-k \YrdL \]m
RYLd LQXm, Um. NeL LXl TPpLs TXm TZkRr
CXdLQUV RpLlVjt CXdVeL[nj Lru\],
NeLLXl XYoLs Es\ EYU. C\f Gum CXdV
EjL[ Lf \lTLd LVis[]o, CY CWiPm
llTs Ej G] AZdLXm,
YlTPVLj Rm T[ R Ts XlTU
AUlT Es\ EjVm, Es\ EYUp EYUVf
Nu] A[p EYdLlTm Ts XlTm, EYdLlTm Ts
YlTPVL CW, EYdLlTm Ts RnYm JkR LlT[L
CjRp Yim, Es[ U\YLl Tk Pdm ll T[
EYU Bt\Xp YlTjYRp CR] Es\ EYU Gu\]o,
13

(A) \S
tl:
\m + Su + = \S, CkXl \lTh G]m \m
G]m YZeYo, Yh. LWkR. Yg. Lg. Sf. EO. mT.
YL. TPi. TVp. Ld[. TkQ BV
\jQLdV \lTsLs AUkR 400 TPpL[ Ckp
Lis[Rp \S Gu TVo Tt\, Cku LPs Yrjl
TPXl TWRm TV TkRY]o Ts[o; Cku TPpLs TpY
LXjp YrkR TpY XYoL[p TPlThPYVm, CkXj
RjRYo. RljRYo TVoLs PdLpX,
P YkRoLs. t\WNoLs. AUfNoLs. N]j RXYoLs.
WoLs. LPV Ys[pLs. LPfNeLl XYoLs G]l TXPV
YWXtd lL[m AdLX UdLu YrdL \
R-VYt\m CkXp Su AVXm, \StuLi 11
\jQLm 65 \Lm GjR[lThs[],
YShPYWV AOo ,,Tl AYoLdj Rr Tt
EiPYRtd LWQUL CkR pLs Cl\Sm Ju\m,
AqYOo \Stl TPpLs XYt\ AqYlT BeXjp
UTVoj Yhs[o, RZu EVV YrVp kR]L[d
LXULd Li [eY Ckp,

TpNu W TpNu W
LVus [u] SWo WLh
TVu lt TpNu W
Lfd omTPd Lk\ XYu
de LX Weo UR
SpX NnR Xt Wm
ApX NnR Xm ]Ru
GpX YlT Rum
SpXtl TE SU WY,
-SYEj RXVo
14

Tt

Q : TVp
\ : TiUd Lg

Q [dLm:
Yh Rp TPi CVLj RpLlV]o m
\jQLs \lTPR NnL[m. AjQLdl TY]
NnL[m Y TVp QVm,

\ [dLm:
\VWV UnQokRo LiP Ts "CY] ARu CVpT
EQojV TiUd Lg@ Gum \Vm,
""Gk Xe NP Yo
k LiP TsUk Ru@@

]:
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,

II. T]:

-\lTs YiTUX

1,
2,

SYEj RXVWp TPlThPu NWUu LWV JsYh

LlTgNW-m T\ BYu, CYo CVtV TPpLs
kRLm YsYUXm Es[],

3,

BVo l:

AgNtTs
TpNuW = TXWV Nu\W; LVus = us; WLs =
dLeLPV Lu]m; Lf = UYRm; omTP = V BRm;
Lk\p = LUV] Y-U; JYu = VUu; dm =
LhdLi Tm; SpX = Su]; BtWm =
CVXRWm; Sm = Ym; Kmu = Rojo,

GhjRL pLs VY?

\St\p AVlTm NnLs VY?
TVp QV [dL,
TiUdLg Gum \V [dL,
TVu lt Nu\u Uj Rt\jRd L,
TVpXR UPVo GlT CWeYo?
TVpXR UPVPm SYEjRXVo YiY]
VY?
\S Ttd l YWL,
SYEjRXVo TVpXR UPVW jd
Y]Yt\ GL,
CPgh [dL:
"SpX NnR Xt Wm
ApX NnRp Kmu@

III. CXdLQd l YWL:

LVus

CXdLQm
LVus - B\m YtUj RL; WLs - ]jRL;
omTP. Lk\p - TijRLLs; Bto - uXl TuU
GoU\ ]t;
Bto = Bt + B+Do
Bt = T; B- GoU\ CPX Qok LhP,
Do - uXl TuU ]t
Kmu - HYp TuU ]t; TEm - CN\V[TP
(NnNV[TP)
Kmu = Km + u
Jm - T
u - HYp TuU ;
15

omTP

TEm

IV. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

CWeo

Bto

Kmu

V. jl Qof RL:
LVus

TYL: SN BVlT

WLs

omTP

Lk\p

VI. P RoL:
1,
2,

\m. \lTh G] YZeLl TY

A) ALS B) TtlTj

C) \S

\Stu QLs
A) Ik
B) T]u

C) Tj

3,

RZu YrVp kR]L[d LXULd Li [em

p
A) ALS B) Ie
C) \S

4,

\Stp lPlThs[ \Ls

A) 11
B) 65
C) 75
16

VII. LhP CPeL[ Ht\ NtL[p WlL:

1, NeL pLs TZkRr CXdLQUV ________________
CXdVeL[nj Lru\],
2,
3,

\Stdd
LPs
______________Ts[o,

Yrjl

2,

X CPeLp Yp] RuUV Qm T

XU ULWm YU Rs[ Yp]jt
C]U] Up]ULj k Qm,
]m+]m = ]k]m

3,

ULWD Up]. CP] RuUV Qm T ULWm

Lh CVpTLl Qm,
C]m + U = C]U. UWm + Yo = UWYo

TPX

\Stl
TPpLs
XYt\
YShPOo
________________ AYoLs BeXjp UTVojs[o,

Qof Ls
1, Untl Qof

""Uq \t\k \lTm

YuUd ]Uj Tm Bm@@

-Sup 219

UntuuEo
1,

XU DtUnPu
CQk m,
Rr+Au]
R(r+A) u]
RZu]

YU

R
s[

QLW. ]LW D

Eo

YtUl Qofp XUt QLWm ]LWm \V

Yp] Ru UV QmT PLWULm \LWULm m,
QLWm PLWURp - Ui+LXm = UhLXm
]LWm \LWURp - Tu+Pm = TtPm

""EPpUp EoYk RuY VpT@@

""Q]Yp -]m YWh P\m \Yu

CVpm Bm YtUd LpYd
L]jUn Ym CVpT mU@@

-Sup 204
2,

XUp Rdt\ju u] u\ Jt Eo
RuUPu QeLX CWhm,
sX
Rdp u Jt
s
Jt CWhV
ss+CX

EPpUp Eo JuV
s(s+C)X
sX

:
""Rdp u]t oY Whm@@
-Sup 205
3,

ULWD
1, ULW Dtf NtLs YUV QmT Dt ULWm Lh
E\n u. Eo Ru UV EPmTUn Ttm.
Yp] Ru UV YpXj dm Qm,
UWm + CX
UW + CX = UWX
UWm + [
UW + [ =UWd[

-Sup 209

XLW. [LW D
1,

YtUl Qofp XUt XLWm [LWm Yp]

Ru UV QmT XLWm \LWULj m;[LWm PLWULj
m,
XLWm \LWURp - Yp+L[
= YtL[
[LWm PLWURp - WLs + TVp = WLhTVp

2, XUt XLWm [LWm Up] RuUV

QmT XLWm ]LWULj m; [LWm QLWULj m,
XLWm ]LWURp - LVp+s
=LVus
[LWm QLWURp - As+U
=AiU

""X[Yt Ut \Pm ApY

AYt\ \rm Y-Y ]UU ]Qm CPYu CVpm
Bm CY VUuT@@

-Sup 227
17

18

]X um Q[ um RSdLs
1,

XU Dtp ]LWU XLWU

Yu A \LWUL Um; SLWm Yu
RLWm \LWURp Tu+
Lp+
SLWm ]LWURp Tu+Su
Lp+Su

pX

u YU Rp RLWm
A ]LWUL Um,
= Tu
= Lt
=Tu]u
= Lu]u

2, XU Dtp QLWU [LWU u YU Rp RLWm

Yu A PLWULm. SLWm Yu A QLWULm Um,
RLWm PLWURp Ui+ = Ui
s+ = h
SLWm QLWURp - Li+o = Lio
s+Su = iQu

:
]Xu \]m Q[u PQm
Bm RSdLs Be LX

-Sup 237

B, ALS
ALm +Su+ =ALS, 13 Af Um 31 Al TUe
LiP ALlTs NokR S ALYtTdL[p RdLlTt\ RL
Xm, TpY LXeLp XYo TXWp CVt\lTt. UW El
Zo UL]o EjW NuUWp RdLlThP, CkXj
RljRYu TiVu EdWl TYVYu,
ALlTs pLs Rp TX Clm "ALm@ Gu\ TVo
AUkR TZkRr CXdV p C UhUVm, Ckd
"SkRL@ Gum TVm Ei,
ALS u TL[L Es[, Rp 120 ThLs.
"LtV] W@ G]lTm, AjR 180 ThLs "UP TY[m@
G]lTm, LP 100 ThLs ""jXdLY@@ G]lTm,
Ckp 1.3 G] Jt\lTP GiL[L YY] TXj Ql
TPpL[Lm. 2. 8 G] YY] gj Ql TPpL[Lm. 4. 14
G] YY] pXj Ql TPpL[Lm 6. 16 G] YY]
URjQl TPpL[Lm 10.20 G] YY] SnRp Ql
TPpL[Lm AUjj RdLlThs[], UP TY[jp Es[
pXj Ql TPp Ju Sm TPlTp CPm Tts[,
19

TNT TfN SnRnj Ru]

NVo ]V Uf\l T\Y
TL\ UWm XmTl T
LYn \kR SLYn pX
LULs Llu Sd LN
Yi]k Rodk RiTRd LX
Ym YW Wm BiPYod
CLp Y R V]jRu
Tp-Rr UZdLi SpXLm YlT
AkV PVs AY[] ml
TQu YkR]u R; m
pXo W YpWk h
SkRo FoU YXY
kRu AmUSm uV ]V,
-UW,,, Us[]o
Q : pX
\ : ] tV RXULu RolTLtf Np-V
BVo l:
ClTPX CVtVYo UW,,, Us[]o BYo, AYo TVWj RW
Y Nn Vm RVpX,

AgNtTs
TN = Jhm TN (DWm); TfN = Rp; Sn RnjRu] =
GiQp S]j GjR Tu\; Uf\l T\Y = LV
\L[PV Y[Yp; NnEVo = L EVokR; ]V =
[L[PV; UWm = TZVUWm; XmT = RjP; L = Uh;
LYn \kR = UhPrkR; SLYn pX = JTkV pX
UXoLs; LULs = UQULs; Ll = kRp; RiTRm = oTRm; UZdLi
= okR Li; SpXLm = SpX Eh\m; pXo = pX WmTju\;
W = W; YXY = RolTL]; uV = L YkR; ] = NVp;
FoU = NjYVL,
20

2,

"R! RiTRdLX Sm LRXo Ym YWWm Bi AYod

CLp@ Gu j Ru Li YlT. AkVPVs u RX.
Gu TQu YkR]u, YXY! ]m kRu; m Ro Wk
FoU,

[dLm:
Y[YX] Ru TL-p RekR UWjRj RV YPh
UXX k Tnm, ATXj RXYu Ru kR CpX
hl k AR] YjR\f NnR]u, pXlm Yi]jRj
Ru]hl k NpX Rjd Lidm LXjj
RXV]Ys Ru LRX]l ks[s, (UXd LXjj RXYu
YLV GoTojj RX hp Rjj VPu Btd\s,
AR]p Wk RWf NjL Gu\u)

CXdLQm
EVo] - ]jRL; \lT\Y - CWiPm YtU
Em TVm EPuRdL RL; TL\ - HZm YtUj RL;
UWm - Tij RL; LULs - EfNp RPo; RiTRm. SpXLm.
AkVo. SkRo - Tij RLLs; pXo - CWiPm YtUj
RL; YpWk - JThTuU; FoU - uX JU
]t,
YkR]u = Y+j(k)+j+Au+Au
Y-T, "Y@ G]d V LWm
j-Nk, "k@ G]j kR LWm
j - C\kRLX CPX
Au - NV
Au - BiTp ]t

Tt
I.

]:
1,
2,
3,
4,

]UtNu\ RXYPm YkR TQu RjR Nn

V?

III. S]:
1, ] tV RXYu RolTLtf NpVR [d YWL,
2, ALStl TPs AUks[ EYU SVeL[l XlTjL,
3, CPgh [d:
"SkRo FoU YXY@
IV. CXdLQd l YWL:
EVo]
\lT\Y
LULs
AkVo

TL\
SkRo

UWm
YpWk,

V. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

\kR
Y

YkR]u

Yi]m

BiPYod

VI. jl Qof RL:

TL\
UWm
AkVo,

VII. LhP CPeL[ Ht\ NtL[p WlL:

1, ALSt\j RjRYo ________________ BYo
2, ALStd YZem Y TVo ________________ GuTRm
3, ALSt\j RljRYu ________________BYu,
VIII. P RoL:
1, GhjRL pLs Ju
A, glTh
C, TTPp
2,

ALS UPTY[jp Es[ TPpLu GidL

A, 100
B, 120
C,180

ALStl TdLu AYWV\

A) 4 A Rp 8 A YW
B) 9 A Rp 12 A YW
C) 13 A Rp 31 A YW,

ALS GjR] TL[L Es[? GL,

ALStl TPpLu Q AUl \V [dL,
Y[Y-u Rt\jRd L,
UQULu kRXl TX UQkR G?

II. T]:
1, ALS Ttd l YWL,
21

B, pXlTh

22

23

ClT. KU.
EO. TX
u]. RZ
URm. Yg.
Lg

LkRs. g.
YeL

Ap. NkR]m.
YeL

UWm

Lu\.
k. LV

UW. W. T
RZ. SnRp
u]
RUW. Lo
Y[

] o.
A o
o

pX. pX.
PYm. Ru

o Yt] ].
oYtV Q
EYoodL
EYodL
U]d Q
TnL. V

Fo

LuV

m
Th]m. TdLm
To. o

\
GU. oSn
Vp. Uu
-. LW. Tu
Xe

T. N

Y-U CZkR NkSn

L. Tk. \
odLdL
SW. odL
Au]m.
L]dL
. Up
T\Y

\Yo. \jVo.
L]Yo

TmT GuT J Biu T, CY B YLlTm,

LXm
eLs
1, Lo
BY. WhP
2, o
IlT. LojN
3, uT
UoL. R
4, uT
U. Te
5, C[Yp jW.YL
6, Yp B. B
JqY TmTm CWi eLs LX A[PV,
1, UX
- LWYu U\kR \ CWlTu tT
2, VUm
- SsW, CWlTu SlT
3, YL\ - LWYu RuYRt u CWl Tu ClT
4, LX
- LWYu RuVRtl u TLtTu tT;
VtLXm
5, SiTLp - TLtTu SlT
6, GtT
- TLtTu ClT. LWYu U\u\ LXm

UdLs

SiTLp Yp.
uT

. PX.
L[. Gt

YlTm kR Wm
Wm NokR CPm

TXjQ

Lo. o.
uT.
uT
C[Yp.
Yp

\Yu.
NolTu

GtT

FWu. UrSu.
Zj. U]

LPm LPp
NokR CPm

XmTu. YtTu. mT\

TlTu.
SPu. Ru\p.
Lf. \j
Zj. U]

SnRp Q

odL

YL\ Lo. o.
uT.
uT.
C[Yp
Yp

YQu

YVm YVp
NokR CPm

CkWu

URjQ

Up

Lo

Lu

UX

RnYm

Lm L NokR
CPm

pXj Q

SnRp Q

o. uT

URj Q

VUm

pXj Q

UXm UX
NokR CPm

gj Q

gjQ

T
T TmT

Xm

IkQd LlTs

TXjQ

RtTs

BVo. BnfVo.
CPVo.

LPVo. LPVo. TWRYo. TWjVo.

G]o. GtVo.
EZYo. EZjVo [Vo. [fVo U\Yo. U\jVo
CPfVo

IkQ RtTs

24

Rm Rp jRm

FPm FPp jRm

CWeLm CWeLp jRm

CjRm CjRp jRm

QoRm QoRp jRm

SuU+Q = Sp+Q = StQ

GhjRL pLs RXYRL AUVlTt\ StQ, Ckp
NeLLXl XYo TXWp TpY LXjp TPlTt\ S
ALYtTdLu RlTm, StQp Es[ TdLs JuTRf
Um TuWiPl TUm LiPY, AY ALlTs
TtV TPpLs Gm AYts \lTs NnLm RZL YWXtd
lLm CPmTts[], CRu LPs Yrjl TPXl TVYo
TWRm TV TkRY]o BYo, CjRL Xj RljRYu
Tu] RkR U\u Y Gum TiV Uu]u BYu,

C\l\j Ru] QoT RPRt

\dLh Pu] sXj RZ
TeLt Ulu Au] Ymo
SuU Zu YTPj Ru
ZdL[e LUm EWof NolT!
C]U SkRo TL VdLf
NCV N Vu CY[
YY VV u]s
YZ [RpSt LkR] NuU,

TXj Q

URj Q
SnRp Q

pXj Q

-SdLiQVo
gj Q

IkQ ElTs

W LYoRp.
\VPp.
YlT NnRp
u jRp
El t\p
SpXRp
L[TjRp
LP Rp
YW RjRp.
L[ TjRp.
BW UnjRp.
ZRp.
L[ RYp
R]jRp.
ZeLLrRp
YVPp
]LjRp
Rp

TX Vr
[ Vr
UR Vr
pX Vr
g Vr
Vr

TXlTi
(TgWm)
SnRpTi
(NqY)
URlTi
pXlTi
(NR)
gl Ti
Ti

TolT\
FWT\
uLhT\
UQZ.
SpXQ
YVhlT\. HLh T\
RiPLlT\
T\

YlT NnR
Ts.
Ls[VjR
Ts
m. Elm
t\Xp Tm
Ts
NkSp.
YiQX
Q. UXSp. YW. NU.
eX
W
EQ

25

C, StQ

Q : SnRp
\ : C Qok eV RXY]j R YW LPV,

\ [dLm:
TLtp RXYu RXVf Nkjf Npu\u, AlT
R RXY] Sd. ""CqY NpYV]p im YYRts
RX C\k Ys, BRXp ARt Ht\ Nn@@ G] YW
(UQgNnLsY) Ru\d Y YW LPRXm,

BVo l:
ClTP-u BVo SdLiQVo, CYo TiTtXYo BYo,
"TeL SnLu ULs SdLiQ@ V]m \lTYo, E\o W
YiUu YVu jRu Gum NZ Uu]u ULu TWYd Ll
TSts BYu, AYu Ru RkRV TLjd Li SZk.
YUp pXd i YkkRu, AkXm Bo
UpXu GuT]l Tp Yt Lsu\u, AYu WjRd LiP
26

SdLiQVo AqYWN]j Rm UQk Ls[ mVRL AYo TV

\St 83. 84. 85 Bm TPpLs Xm A\m,

4,
5,

AgNtTs
C\ = C\u; C\l\m = C\u \m; Rp = (RZu) A;
Qo = NfNW (NW NWl); RP = TU; \ = \u; \dL
= \u Ljp is[ Lm Tu\ s; L = BiV];
Ul = RkRm; EZ = TiUu; ZdL[m = Z LPm; EW =
Y-U; EW o = Y-UPV LPp o; NolT = SnRp Xj RXY];
C]U = ULu R; CVdL = NjR; NCV = Npm Th;
u]s = XSs; NuU = NpYVL,

"Am o SuUZu YTPj Ru - ZdL[m

LUm@ - CRuLi AUkR Es\Vf hL,
CPgh [dL:
"YZ[Rp StLkR] NuU@

III. CXdLQd l YWL:

Lt Ul
sX
SkRo
NCV

TeL

IV. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

Ru
CVdL
YZs
AkR]

YY

Lj: CY[l k Nu\p YYRts CYs C\kTYs,

AR]p LXkRrjR CY[ Wk UQk LsL GuT Lj,

V.

Es\:

VI. P RoL
1, StQVj RljRYu
A) BVl TP LPkR TiVu SgNVu
B) JpXo RkR RlTiVu
C) Tu] RkR TiVu U\uY

"Am o - SuUZu YTPj Ru - ZdL[e

LUm@ - Gu\ RX RXYu LiP LR-p ok. Ru
t\jRPk YThj RXYPu AYu CpXjp CpX\m
Lrjm Nq]l Tt hPs GuT Es\ EYUm, CR]p
RXYu RXV Wk UQm Nn Ls[p CuVUVR
GuT lTp EQojRlTu\,

CXdLQm
C\l\m. \d L. Lt Ul - B\m YtUj RLLs;
sX - CWiPm YtU Em TVm EPuRdL RL;
TeL. SuUu. SkRo - TijRLLs; NCV NpNV[TP; NolT - AiU ,

Tt
I. ]:
1, YW LPRp Gu\p Gu]?
2, RZ CXu Rt\jRd L,
3, RZ Amdd \lThP EYUVf hL,
4, NolTdj R AjV Nn V?
II. T]:
1, StQ - l YWL
2, SdLiQVo Ttd l YWL,
3, RXVf Nkjf Npm RXYPm R YW
LPVYt\ [dL,
27

jl Qof RL:
TeL

2,

sX

UZ

u]s

StQl TdLu A YWV\

A) 4 A Rp 8 A YW
B) 9 A Rp 12 AYW
C) 13 A Rp 31 A YW,

D, kRL
U+RL =kRL, C* GhjRL pLs Ju,
SuLf Um GhPl TUm EPV BVlTdL[p BV
p, C*m ALjQ TtVRVm, Cku LPs Yrjl TPXl
TVYo TWRm TV TkRY]o BYo, CRu Li StWi
TPpLs Es[],

V pX R] LsYu
R] Tnlu V]Yu NnL
]jR [u] Te LX
J WWp Todm
iRu UQkR Ou\
-LXo
28

Q : g
\ : YW hjRPjj RXULs Rdf NpV,

[dLm:
RXYu SeLXm RXVj UQm Nn Ls[Up
LXkRrjR AR]p YkV RX ""RXYo LQLi Gu]j
UQm Nn LiPXu G]d ERVLf Nu Yo Y
JYm CXo@@ Gu RPm V,

BVo l:
LXo Ti Shs[ YRX AkRQo UWp \kRYo,
LPfNeLl XYoLs TWQo. CPdLPo. J[Y BVPm Sh
iPYo, LPV Ys[pLs JY]V TV Eoj RZ]Ld
LiPYo, Tu AYdL[l XYWLm [eVYo, gj Ql
TPpLs TYp YpXYo, "LXW Th@ Gum RPW CYo Thj
\df Nu\m,
LXW ""YnUd LXu@@ Gu SdWm. ""Sp-Nd LXu@@
Gu Teuod Zm ""YjR Ls [e Lrd LXu@@ Gu
Tkp C[eW]m. ""X]dLt\ AkRQ[u@@ @@TnV St
LXu@@ G] U\dLj SlTNXVm Lrks[]o,

AgNtTs
R] = RXYu JY] (CkR]u) Ru "A@ Tnlu - "A@
Gu\ RXYu RXPm V WVd dm, (""Su
Eu]l VUhPu, kRp BtdLUhPu. Wp Eu]
UQgNn LsYu@@ GuT] Tu\Y RXYu V WVm)
LX= LpL[PV; Jo = Ku\ o; BWp = BWpu; Todm
= ok Sdm; = SW,
RXYu UQkR Ou VpX: R]; Ru "A@ Tnlu
GYu NnYu! m Ei G] dL,
\o AVRY Yk Ru SXjRd LYok Li
Nu\Y]R-u RXY]j RX "LsYu@ Gu lu\s,
""RXYu W VT ARtf Nu\Yo JYm CXo,
Nh YRt CVXR SW UhU CkR, Am Ru EQY]
BWp u YLVV ok SdkR, Su GuNnYu@@ Gu
RX Ykd u\s,
29

Lj:
""RXYu UQkRT AR]d Li Nh Yo JYXo,
AYu JY] Nh, AYu AR CpXVu Ulu Gu]p Gm
NnV CVX, AdhPjR UnldL Y GkR NhVm CpX,
AYuCum UQk Ls[Up Es[]@@ Gu RX RPm
Ykd u\s,

CXdLQm
Vm - tmU; R] - HLWm. X. NnL - KLWm.
ANX; TeLX - TijRL; Jo - ]jRL; m C \lmU; Ou\ HLWm ANX,

Tt

I. ]:
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,

LXo Vo VPm Sh ikRo?

LXWl XYo TUdLs GeM]m TWhs[]o?
"R] Tnlu@- "A@ GuT GR]?
RXY]j RX Hu "LsYu@ Gu lu\s?
RXYu RXV UQkRT Nu\n CkR G? A
TVuTPRY VeM]m?

II. T]:
1,
2,
3,

LXo Ttd l YWL,

RXYu YW hjRPjj RXULs Rdf
Np-VR [dL,
CPgh [dL:
"i Ru UQkR Ou\@

III. CXdLQd l YWL:

Vm

TeLX

J o

IV. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

UQkR

V. jl Qof RL:
VpX

V]Yu

VI. LhP CPeL[ Ht\ NtL[p WlL:

1,

LXo Ti Shs[ ________________\kRo,

30

2,
3,
4,

LXo ________________Uu]u AYdL[l XYWL

[e]o,
LXu Thj \d ________________ Gum RPW
Nu\m,
LXo ________________ QlTPpLs TYp YpXYo,

VII. P RoL:
1,

LXW "YnUd LXo@ Gu TtVYo

A) SdWo
B) Teuod Zo
C) U\dLj SlTNXVo

2,

kRLdd LPs Yrjl TVYo

A) TkRY]o
B) YWkRYo

C) LXo,

URWl Tj
"URWl Tj@ GuT EPu Td LrjV RXYm RXm
i YRtLi Lm t\l T T[Ld LiP
TjlTPpLu R GuTRm,

""Up f Le LdL
AuP UWu [V PWl
Tfu TnR TkQ Yp
TXm] LXjt \Yu UR
Yg] \pYt L[V
Pg XV YWdLWk U,@@
- KRXkRVo

E, Ie
Ik+U+ = Ie
u\f Um B\l TUm LiP ALYtTdL[p
RdLlTt\ ALlTs Xm, Q Ju\t TPpL[L
Ik QLdm Ik TPpLs Es[], AYts gj
QlTPpL[d LXm pXj Ql TPpL[l TV]m
URj Ql TPpL[ KWm TVm SnRp Ql TPpL[
AmY]m TXjQl TPpL[ KRXkRVm Ts[]o,
CfNnV
""URU WmT SnR XmYu
Le g LXu - LV
TXVR XkR TpX TV]
XV Re @@
Gum TPp EQoju\, Ie tu LPs Yrjl TPXm
TWRm TV TkRY]W CVts[o, CkXj RjRYo
Xj\ tV Po Zo, RljRYo NW Uu]u V]d LhNn
UkRWg NW-mT\ BYo,
JqY Qm Es[ TPpLm Tjl Tjl
TPpL[Lj RjRj RXlLu rl TjRUdLl Ths[],
Sm TPl Tf Nns TXj Qp "URWl Tj@ Gum
RXlu r AUks[ Tjl TPpLs Ju\m,

31

Q: TX
\: St\n t
C EPu TV RXULs iYRt Thj Rn LLjtl
TWndLPu EWjR,

\ [dLm:
RX RXY] EPuTdf NuhPR AkR u]o.
RX TWu LiP St\n Ru ULs Ru LQY] im
Ru CpXjtL YRp Yim Gum. AqY m YkRp
AYoLdj UQm Nnjd LiWd LQp Yim Gum
mu\s, AR]p RXYm RXm m YU
SujRUL (N]UL)d LWmT LdLV CWk Yi\s,
AqY LWkRp LdLdl "T-dLPu@ LlTRLm u\s,
CqY Ru YiVY \YU]p Cu] TPlTu Gu
LP[WV. \Yt\V YidLPp TWndLPu EWjRp GuTo,
LdL LWkRp k]W. E\]W ht YYo GuT Sm
UdLPV Es[ SmdLVm,

BVo l:
BkRVo GuT CYo CVtTVo, KRo Gum F]WR-u
KRXkRVo Gu AZdLlThP]o, KRo UXd LPtLWl Tp
hPShp Es[, CYo ThLp TmTX] TXj Ql
TPpL[m, BkR GuT BRu RkR GuTRu UE UVm,

32

AgNtTs
U = t\m; = C\; UW = \U; (AgX = Am+X+
K) AZRV XYV kRp (EPV RX); K = kRp) [ =
t\m; Tfu = (TU+Fu) TV Fu; Fu = RN; TkQm = (TU
+ Qm) TV Ll; Yp = EQ; TXm = Tu; LXm = TjWm;
\p = Y-U; L[ = RXYu,

C\fl Ts:

III.CXdLQd l YWL:
Tfu
YtL[
TnR

RYu

V. jl Qof RL:

Tt
I. ]:
URWl Tj - Ts [dLm RL,
St\n LdLd GqY T-dLPu LlTRLd ]s?
"AuP UWu u [VPW Yp RYu@
CRuLi AUks[ C\fl T[f hL,

Tfu

TkQm

1, Ie t\j RjRYo ________________ BYo,

2, Ie t\j RljRYo ________________ BYo,

VII. TjL:
1

Q
g
pX
URm
SnRp
Q
g
pX
URm
SnRp
Np
sX
Jo
SuUu
AgXV YW

Xm
YVmYVp NokR CPm
LPm LPp NokR CPm
Wm WgNokR CPm
UXm UX NokR CPm
Lm L NokR CPm

TVo
KWm TVo
AmY]o
KRXkRVo
LXo
TV]o

CXdLQdl
EYUj RL
TijRL
AuUj RL
CWiPm YtU Em
TVm EPu RdL RL
]j RL

II. T]:
1,
2,
3,

TWndLPu EWjRp - [dL,

St\n LdLdl TWnd LPu EWjRYt\l XlTjL,
CPgh [dL,
""AgXV YWd LWkU@@
33

Yg]m

VI. LhP CPeL[ Ht\ NtL[p WlL:

CXdLQm
LeLdL. Tfu. TkQm. Yg]m - TijRLLs;
TXm] - u\m YtUj RL; ]LXm - ]jRL;
RYu - RuU JU ]t; YtL[ - CWiPmYtU
Em TVm EPu RdL RL; L[ - EYUVTVo;
AgXV YW - TijRLl \jl \kR AuUj RL,
RYu
R + + q + Gu
R - T, R Gu\] LWm
- NV
q - GoLX CPX
Gu - RuU JU ]t ,

Yg]m
]LXm
AgXV YW

IV. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

AuP

"AuP UWu u [VPW Yp RYu@

Gum Thl \jR. RXYm RXm i
Yu Su AYoLd Gu CpXjuLi
UQ Z Gj Gu AutV t\jRPu
UrklTu Gu St\n YRL
C\fl Ts Rut,

1,
2,
3,

TkQm
L[

34

TWVo, "YsY]l Tt\Rt Tt\R Lr YVLU@ G]l

TWRNm Lrk s[o,
d\dj RUo. UQdPYo. RUjRo. SfNo. T.
TUXZLo. UXVo. UpXo. LlTUs. LeLo BV TuUo
u]W EW Gs[]o, AYts TUXZLo EWV \kR G]d
Lt\o LrYo,

3, d\s
d\s - (+\s) \kR \s YiTdL]p BV p
BR-u ClTVo Tt\, \s - CWiP YiT. -\l APU,
\s GuT \hTY EQojRUp AlTdL[p BV X
EQojYRp BTVo, d\s GuT APVjR BTVo Bm,
C Rp YZem T]ird LQd pLs Ju, Ckp
A\jlTp. ThTp. LUjlTp G] u TmL[d
LiP,
A\jlTp :
TWVp. CpX\Vp. \Y\Vp. FVp G]l
TdLlTt 38 ALWeL[m
ThTp :
AWVp. AeLVp. JVp G]l
TdLlTt 70
ALWeL[m
LUjlTp:
L[Vp. LtVp G]l TdLlTt 25 ALWeL[m
LiXeu\,
d\s EXLl Tp; A\XdVm; RZo U\, UR
Yru UuUL[. YrVp SL[ UR SLLm \SLp
Rum u]W Yjd LhV p, BeXm. CXju. WdLm
RX] EXL ULs TXYtm Ckp UTVodLl Tts[,
EXLo ml Tdm RrXL [e\, Bm Ym.
Tpd; Sm CWim Npd. "TZ Rrf NpXU
S-Wip@ Gum TZULs CRu TUV [dY]Ym,
CYts "Sp@ GuT SXVWm. "CWi@ GuT d\[m
dm,
Ck-u TUVj. "YsYUX@ Su [du\,
""Gum XW VQoSh Npm
u\Xok Ru-tm oUVRnd - u\R
NkRod LtTLju RnYj UXoTum
UuXYu YsYuYnf Np@@

- C\V]o,
Gum YsYUXs[ Nns d\u AVj RuUVl
T\Nt\, Ckp RuVUVp RrS LrTt\ GuTR
"YsYu@ Ru] EXdL Rk YuLr LiP RrS@ Gu\o
35

lTp. TnVU. Y\Yrj. EjRWYRm. RnYp.

YsYm. RrU\. TU\. YsYlTVu. TW.
U G]j d\d Y TX TVoLm YZeu\],
d\[ CVtV YsYu EiUV] YWX SUdd
PjX, JqY NUVjRYm YsYWj RjRm NUVjRf
NokRYWu Lrk U[tj. d\s CPUdu\, C\d
LhThu TY] SVj d\s Lh\, CYPV
LXm ,,31 G]d Li YsYWi LQdPlTh
Yu\, (YsYo LXm ,, CWiPm t\i G]d Yo
TXo E[o) YsYW SV]o. RYo. RtTYXo. RnYlXYo.
SuL]o. URTe. NkSlTRo. TSYXo. Tnp XYo
G]l TX TVoL[p TWhu\]o,

1, NnkSuVRp*
NnVUt NnR ERd YVLm
Y]Lm Bt\p A,

LXj ]tNnR Su Rm
OXju UQl T,

TVudLo NnR ER SVudu

SuU LP-u T,

]jQ Su Nm T]jQVd
LsYo TVuR Yo,

ER YWjRu R ER
NVlThPo Npu YWj,

U\YtL UNt\o LiU \YtL

uTjs lTVo Sh,

36

GU G\lm EsYo ReLi

Uk PjRYo Sh,

Su U\lT Su\u Su\pX

Ru\U\lT Su,

Lu\u] Cu] Nm AYoNnR

JuSu s[d Lm,

GkSu Lu\odm EniPm EnpX

NnkSu Lu\ULt,

10

AgNtTs
NnkSuVRp: (R]dl \oNnR SuUV U\YU)
\s 1. 2. 3

\s 4. 5

CY u ThPm \V LWQuf
NnREm. LXj]t NnREm.
TVudLWnf NnREm BV Sudl
TV]V A[ CpX GuT \lTt\,
CY CWi ThPm um ApXR ER
UjWm AYodf NnRYl TRm
GuT \lThP,

\s 6. 7

CY CWi ThPm Su NnRW Sh

PXL GuT \lThP,

\s 8

U\lTm U\YRm Yjd \lThP,

\s 9

Su\pX Au\U\dm \m \lThP,

\s 10

NnkSu L\-u LU \lThP,

1, YVLm = UiXLm; Y]Lm = iXLm; Bt\X = JjRX;

DPL;
2, OXm = XXLm; Su = SuU. ER; UQlT = LlT
3, dLo = BWnR-XWn. (TVu SdLo) SVu = ERVV
DWPU; du = BWu,
4, ] = Lf V A[; (] = V A[]RV RV YL;
T] = J TW[,
5, YWj = A[YPV; Np = \Ti; R,

7, EsYo = ]lTo; Um = uTm; PjRYo = d]Yo,

8, Su = SuU (A\u) Bm; Su\u = A\UL,
9, Cu] = eLs; Es[ = ]dL; Lm = CpXVm(Lm)
10Su = A\m; En = em Yp (WVfjRm); Lu\= RjR,

CXdLQm
1, NnVUp - GoU\]VfNm; NnR - C\kRLXl TVWfNm; YVLm
Y]Lm - GimU; YVLm - dd LWQlTVo; A - Ju\uTp
l ]t,
2, LXj]p - E UVdLm; T - Ju\uTp l ]t, OXju "Cu@ IkRm YtU E E\r Tp Yks[,
3, dLo - t\fNm; du - GoLX ]VfNm, 4,Nu - ]VfNm;
RYo - ]VXQm TVo;
T]jQ V - "B@ BL GuTRu
RjRp, Np - TilTVo;
5,

YWj - Ju\uTp l ]t; ER YWj - ll TVo;

Npu YWj - A*Q Ju\uTp l ]t, "ER@ Gu\Np
JW Tp AjRj YkRR]p NtThuYXV

6, U\YtL. \YtL - GoU\VeLs ] tLs,

7, G\lm - tmU; PjRYo - ]VXQm TVo,
8, Su U\lT - CWiPm YtUj RL; U\lT-RtTVo (U\jRp
Gum Ts RYRp),
9, Es[ - ]VfNm; Lm - Nnm Gum YnTh ]t,
Nm - "Em@ C \l,
10, Lu\o - ]VXQm TVo; Lu\- TVWfNm,

2, T\PU
ALrYWj Rem XmTXj RmU
CLrYol TjRp RX,

TjR -\l] Vum AR]

U\jR XRm Su,

CuU uU kRWp YuUs

YuU UPYol T\,

6, UNt\o = t\Ut\Yo; LiU = Sh,

37

38

\PU eLU Yiu T\PU

Tt VLl Tm,

JjRW Vu\L YVW YlTo

TjRWl TuTt Tk,

JjRod LS[ CuTm TjRodl

Tuk Qm Lr,

\]pX Rt\o Nnm SSk

R\]pX NnVU Su,

Vu dLY NnRWj RkRm

RVu Yu Pp,

\kRu nU PVo C\kRoYn

Cu]fNp Stt TYo,

EiQ StTo TVo \oNpm

Cu]fN ]tTt u

10

T\PU: HRm J LWQj]X UPUVX JYu

RUd L NnRYj Rm AR] AYuLh NnV Tjd
LsRp,
\s 1. 2. 3. 4 CY Su ThPm T\PUV \ld
\lThP,

\s 9.10

5, JjRW = RijRYW; Ju\L = J T[L; Tk YlTo =

CPP U]jh LsYo,
6, Tum = Am; TukQm = AU[m
7, \]pX = NnVjRLR. LVYt\; SSk = uTjt Yk;
8, Vu = U]f NdLp; dLY = eLs; RVu =
TUVu; Pp = L,
9, \kRu = Tt\t\Yo TX; C\kRo = SVd LPkRYW; Cu] =
V; SttTYo = TlTYo,
10 EiQ = EQYj Roj; StTo - (Et\SVl)
TlTYo,

CXdLQm
1, ALrYo. CLrYo - ]VXQm TVoLs; TjRp- RtTVo;
Cd\hTp EYUV AUks[,

AgNtTs

\s 5.6.7.8

4, \= Np; eLU = XLU; (SeLXm t\X)

CY Su ThPm \o NnR] TjRp

NpXlThP,
CY CWi ThPm \o LdLf Np-V]
TjRp \lThP,

2, U\jRp - RtTVo; TjRp - Ap Dt VeLs ]t;

Su - l ]t,
3, k - TiTTVo; JWp. T\- RtTVoLs; Cd\hTp
GjdLh EYUV AUks[,
4, eLU - GoU\j RtTVo; Tt - ]VfNm; JLlTm Nnm Gum YnTh ]t,
5 JjRo - ]VXQm TVo; Tk - ]VfNm; YVo GoU\l TXoTp ]t,
6, TjRo - ]VXQm TVo; Tum - TVWfNm,
7, Rt\o - HZm YtUj RL; Nnm - \l EmU; Sk ]VfNm; A\u - DtlT-,

1, ALrYW = RiTYW; Rem = Tjd Lsm; CLrYo

= AYUlTo; TjRp = UujRp; RX = \kR A\Um,

8, NnRW - ]VXQm TVo; Pp - Ap Dt VeLs

]t,

2, TjRp = UudL; C\l] = \o NnR AYUlT

9, \kRo - ]VXQm TVo; Cu]f Np - DLhP GoU\l

TVWfNm; SttTYo - ]VXQm TVo,

3, CuU = YU; JWp = dRp; YuU = Y-U; UPYo =

A-Ls; T\= TjRp; k = VWn YkRYo,

39

10, EiQ - GoU\]VfNm,

40

3, APU*
AYt\e Lde L NYodm
Es[dL XL AWi,
Nu\CPjRt NXP RC
SuuT nlT R,
GlTs VoVoYnd Lhm AlTs
UnlTs LiT R,

\s 9

CR]p APVodj uTm CuU

\lThP,

\s 10

CR]p APVW EPUm

H]VW CuUm \lThP],

1, At\m = A; C; NYod = TLYod; AWi = LhP,

2, KC = d; EnlT = NjY; P - PUp,

GiT[ YLf NXfNp-j Ru\oYn

iTs LiT R,

EXLk RCV RhTm UXoRe

mT pX R,

4, GiT[YL = GVTs BU; iTs = hTU] Ts; NXf

Np- = U]eLs[f Np-,
5, RCV = ShTdY; JhTm = APU; mTp = Rp; Lm YRp;
UXoRp = Rp; Lm UXoRp,
6, E\Y = JY,
7, BY - u]o YWdV; ALpXRYo - AVUhPRo,

GqY \Y XL XLjR
PqY \Y R,

APVo BY RYo AXo

A*R LpX RYo,

AgY RgNU TRU AgY

RgNp AYo Rp,

GWRd Ldm A]od pX

AW YYRo Sn,

APVo GpX PVo AXo

GuPV W Xo,

10

AgNtTs

3, UnlTs = EiUlTs; LiT = (LRp) LQYpX. A,

8, TRU = ACuU; AYo = APVYo; AgNp = Gil Toj

AR]f NnV Rp,
NnVl TVlTRp (Ju\]f
NnVl
TVlTRX AgNp GuTo),
9, GW = GoLXjp SWdV; AW = SemT; Sn = uTm;
10, GuPVWm - GpXm EPVWm; CXo = CpXRYo;

CXdLQm
1, At\m - RtTVo; AdLXL - DLhP GoU\l TVWfNm,
2,JC - Np-N A[TP; EnlT - ]VXQm TVo;
Nu\CPjRp - E UVdLm (HZu E tL YiV CPjp u\u
E u\)
3, Vo Vo - AdjRPo;
4, GiTs. iTs - TijRLLs; NX - ]VfNm,

APU : (Lp LsL]V AY EiU

APV]Rp)

5, RC - Np-NV[TP; UXoRp. mTp - RtTVoLs;

mTm - GimU

\s 1

CR]p Au \ld \lThP,

6, GqY\Y - ]VXQm TVo; AqY\Y - RtTVo,

\s 2. 3. 4. 5. 6

CqYk ThPm Au CXdLQm

\lThP,

7, ALpXRYo - ]VXQm TVo

\s 7. 8

CqWi ThPm APVW

CXdLQm \lThP,

8, AgY - ]VXQm TVo; AgNU - GoU\j RtTVo;

AgNp - RtTVo; AYoRp - B\m YtUjRL,
9, AW - ]VfNm,
10, EPVo. CXo - l ]tLs

41

UXoRm

42

4, ]jhTm
]jhTm GuT RYu U]jhTm
Ut\V GpXm \,

\s 5

CR]p ARu \ld \lThP,

\s 6

CR]p A*PVo Gnm TVu \lThP,

\s 7

CR]p AYW AU \lThP,

\s 8. 9

CYWi ThPm AYo ] NnU

\lThP,

\s 10

CR]p ]jhTpXRW C \lThP,

F\Wp Et\u JpLU CqWiu

B\uTo BnkRYo Ls,

LPd LhLf NnRdL RiU CPdLhu

Gt\ Uk Rm,

NpRp Vodm GV AVYm.

Np-V YiQm NVp,

\n UiPo ]jhTm YkRuLi

F\n Es[l Tm,

2, F = TTm ]; JWp = NnVU; JpLU = R[WU; BS; Ls - ;

3, LP = Cp; LhL = XlTmT; Gt\ = eLR; Um = uTm;

CPdLhu = CPV YlTUu;

1, hTm = Y-U; Ut\Y = JkRY; \= iUVu NpXlTP;

]jhTm = NVp NnYRtL] U]Y-U;

GiV GiVe LnT GiVo

iVo BLl Tu,

ELi Ps[U Yim EsTkRod

LfN Vu]o EPj,

LXeL LiP ]dLi [eL

dLe Lk NVp,

uTm E\Ym NnL Yt

CuTm TVdm ],

G]jhT UnVd Lim ]jhTm

YiPW YiP X,

9, E\Yu = k YUm; Yt-Y SVLd Li;

NnL = NnVYim; TVdm = EiPdm,

10

10, YiPW = Ls[R AUfNW; YiP = mT; Ex

YiP = EVokRo Su UVo,

4, NVp = NnRp;

AgNtTs

5, = \l; Gn = Tt; UiPo = UhUlThP AUfNo;

Es[lTm = Su UdLlTm; F Gn = SpX [Y Gn
jRXp,
6, GiV = GiQlThPY; GnT = APYo; iVo = Y-Vo;
7, ELi = Yu U Sd; Gs[U = CLZjRp;
8, LXeL = U]kRk; LiP] = kR ]Pj; [eL =
NmT-u; dLm = hjRp; Lk = Jk; NVp = NnL,

CXdLQm

]jhTm: A\m Lm TVdm V ] lTd

YiYRV U]jiU

]jhTm - SuLm Yt Em TVm EPu RdL RL;

\s 1

CR]p ]jhTUY Cu] GuT \lThP,

\s 2. 3

CY CWi ThPm AR] T \lThP,

1, U]jhTm - B\mYtUj RL; \- TXuTp ]t\n

Yks[,

\s 4

CR]p ARu AU \lThP,

2, BnkRYo - ]VXQm TVo; JWp. JpLU - RtTVoLs;

Ls - RXj kR RtTVo,
3, Gt\ - DLhP GoU\l TVWfNm; LhL - NVYu]fNm
(Lh - T)

43

44

4, NpRp - RtTVo; Vodm - tmU; GV - l

]t; NVp - RtTVo; Np-V = TVWfNm,

II.

T]:

1,

d\s jd lTL,

5, Gn - ]VfNm; UiPo - ]VXQm TVo; Es[lTm Nnm Gm YnTh ]t,

2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10,

YsYo Tt AkRYt\GL,
Su NnRW Sh] PXL - Hu?
T\PUu \l]j YsYo Yu [dL,
JjRo. TjRo jd \s Y] VY?
\om Cu]f NpXl TlTYo GjRLVYo?
Au CXdLQjR GL,
APVu CXdLQeL[L YsYo V]Yt\GL,
]j hTju \lm. A*PVo Gnm TVm j
GL,
]jhTju \lTj YsYo GeM]m Lhs[o?

III.

S]:

1,

4,

NnkSuVRp Tt YsYo s[ LjL[j Rj

GL,
T\PU Gum ALWm YlTjm LjL[j
Rj GL,
APU Gum ALWjp RdLl Tts[
LjL[j Rj GL,
]jhTm Gum RXlp YsYo s[] VY?

IV.

CXdLQd l YWL:

6, GiV - ]VXQm TVo; GnT - TXoTp ]t;

GiVe. GiVYe GuTRu RjRp LWm;
7, Li - ]VfNm; Gs[U - RtTVo; EPj - l
]t; TkRo - TijRL;
8, LXeL. [eL. Lk - ]VfNeLs; dLm - Rt TVo,
9, NnL - VeLs ]t,
10, YiPW - ]VXQm TVo; EX - CPYTVo,

Tt
I.

]:

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,

d\d YZem YTVoLs XYt\GL,

YsYd YZem Y TVoLs XYt\d L,
YsYo LXm j GL,
YVLm Y]Lm JlTL - GRt?
X EXLjR P LlTV G?
LP-u TV G?
U\YtL G]m \YtL G]m YsYo GYt\d
l\o?
NnkSu U\jR-u LUVd L,
GR] U\jRp GRm Su?
YuUs YuU G?
JjRm TjRm GnY] VY?
VWl T\Vp YpRp Yim?
Au \lT GL,
APVo. AXo CVp]f hL,
SeL Ym uTm VdpX?
GpXm EPVYo. JupXRYo - Vo Vo?
]jhTm GuT V?
"BnkRYo Ls@ - V?
Gt\ Um RY G?
GVm AVm BY] VY?
GiVe GnYo VYo?
ELi Gs[U Yim - Hu?
EX VW UV?

8,
9,
10,
11,
12,
13,
14,
15,
16,
17,
18,
19,
20,
21,
22,
23,

45

2,
3,

YVLm Y]Lm
LXj]p
G\lm
Cu]
ALpXRYo
dLo

Rem
k
Tt
At\m
A\u
JWp

RC
GiTs
GW
GnT
NnL
KC

SpLU
Ls
Vodm
Lm
U\YtL
U]jhTm

V.TTR ElXdLQm RL:

NnR
LsYo
U\YtL
\YtL
EsYo
Pp

TjRp
eLU
Tt
YlTo
Yu
NnL

EnlT
LiT
EPVo
E\Y
GnY
46

Et\
Np-V
UiPo
Gn
Lu\

VI.

jl Qof RL:

UNt\o
Su\u
A\]pX
kRWp

\PU
GiTs
ApXo
]jhTm

UkRm
\n
TkRo

VII.P RoL:
1,

2,
3,
4,
5,

6,
7,

\hT GuT
A) SX YiT
B) Y YiT
C) DWYiT
A\jlT-p Es[ ALWeLu GidL
A) 70
B) 38
C) 25
d\p AUks[ CVpLs
A) 4
B) 9
C) 30
D)10
LiPPlTm YsYWiuT AYo YrkR LXm
A),,31
B) ,,31
C) ,,18
D) ,, 190
ThT-u CVpLs
A) TWm. CpX\Vp. \Y\Vp. FVp
B) AWVp. AeLVp. JVp
C) L[Vp. LtVp
d\u TUV EQojY
A) TZU
B) YsYUX C) SXVo
"YsY]l Tt\Rt Tt\R Lr YVLU@ G]lTVYo
A) TWRNu B) LU
C) TWVo

VIII.LhP CPeLp Ht\NtL[ AUj GL:

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,

LXj ]tNnR _______________Rm

_______________UQl T,
GU _______________ EsYo ReLi
Uk PjRYo _______________
JjRW Vu\L YVW _______________
TjRWl _______________ Tk
EiQ _______________ TVo \oNpm
_______________ ]tTt u
GlTs _______________ Lhm AlTs
_______________ LiT R,
AgY RgNU _______________ AgY
RgNp AYo _______________
NpRp Vodm GV _______________
Np-V _______________ NVp
uTm E\Ym _______________ Yt
_______________ TVdm ],
47

IX.

NtL[l T[k TjL:

]
T]
Np
l
UPYo
JWp
Tum
k
NYo
JhTm
EnlT
TRU
JpLU
Um
iVo

TtdL
\Ti
LfV A[
J TW[
em Yp
dRp
Am
VRn YkRYo
A-Ls
TlTYo
APU
NjY
A CuU
TLYo
CpXRYu
uTm
Y-Vo
\l
R[WU

X. rd Lm \hTdLp Tu Ym AL[f
h
[dL:
1,
2,
3,

ALrYWj Rem XmTXj RmU

CLrYol TjRp RX,
CuU uU kRWp YuUs
YuU UPYol T\,
ER YWjRu R ER
NVlThPo Npu YWj

48

XI.

d\u TU Lo!
]V[ TRf p o iP
T]V[ Lhm TjRp

- LXo

YsYm Rm \s TYVp YVjRo

EsYRpXm A[kRo Kok

- TWQo

EsR sR s[m EdU

YsYo Yn U Ui

- Ue UR]o

TnlTX TnVVnl T]Tn VpXR

UnlTX UnVn [e]Y - lT-u
RnYj Ys YoNn d\[p
YVj YrYo U]j,
- Rd W]o
jRLm Whd L[ltf
jRm LXej LlTRu - jRLu
RnYl XYo Ys YoNu]
Tnp UCdm T
NkRrf NpYj d\[ SgNU
kR] NnYn ]m
jd\[ SgNWj Rm Yrp
KjR GL Kok

49

- LU

50

4,RPoXfNns
A, XlTLWm
XlTLWm Rs[ ImTeLlVeLs RXVV;
jRrd LlVm. EWPhP ThPf Nns. SPLd LlVm
Gu TpY \ll TVoL[p TWhPlT\, LiQu LtXm
LWQUL Y[okR LRVR-]p (Xm+ALWm) XlTLWm Gu
TVo hPlThP, C. Ru Rp LlV Xm,
Lod LiPm. UWdLiPm. YgdLiPm G] u
LiPeL[m UeLX Yrjl TPp RXL YWkRLR\L lT
LRL[m Li [e\,
AWVp ZjRod A\m t\YEm
EWNp Tjd EVokRo HjRm
Fr] EjYk Fhm GuTEm
Gum u EiUL[m Es\VLd Li Lru\,
CkX CVtVYo NW C[YWNo C[eLYLs BYo, CUVYWmTu
SgNWXRdm NZu ULs StNQdm UL]Lj RuVYo,
NWu NehYu Gu\ NW AWNu CYodj RUVu \ Gum
AYd AWUVj RRtL CYo \ iPo Gum YYf
NnLs u\], LXm ,, CWiPm t\i, Ckd
EWVV TZV EWVVoLs CYo, JYo AmTReLd
Uhm EWYZeV AmTR EWLWo, (p Udm AmTR EW
Ei,) Ut\Yo [dLUL EW GV AVod SpXo, (CYo EW.
p Udm PdLpX,) CdLXjR YrkR S,,YeLPN
ShPo EW. pUdm Es[,
""UULX Up EWl Ts tV
XlTLWm tm@@
Gu Ckp \ TYR]p UULXVm XlTLWjRm
CWhPd LlVeLs GuTo, UULXV CVtV UWd
XYLu jRXf NjR]o. C[eLYL[ "L YkRo
Yodm EV; ALs W AL@ Gu Yid Ls[. ALm
""Shm VUo ThPf Nns@@ Gu uYk CdLlVjR
BdVjRo GuT TLju YXL AVY\,
49

50

TWVo Cku AU TUL[ EQok. ""SgNVsm

Xm@@. G]l Lrks[o, LU RLSVLms[. "RX FV
NkRu Y Rm XlTLWm@. G]l TWhs[o, TXWm
U]UWl TWhPl Tm TkRrdLlVULf XlTLWm Lr\,

ForY
LRfdLm
Lo SLWjl Te YLWV UNjYu. USnLu Gum
CYoRm UdL[ LiQm LYXm BYo, CYodm UQm
LrkR, Lo SLWjp RXdLXY Gu\ ThPm Tt\Ys UR
Gum BPpULs; URuTp LYXu lTtd LiQV
j AmURV YrY]]u, CYodm UULXVu\
TiULYum \kR, CkWZ LruT UR TV L]p
YlTPpL[p Qdt AYs LYXu IVtlk
LiQuTp m]u, ThNpYm A]jm CZkRRp SV
LYXdd LiQ Ru LtXmT AjRs, AR]V RXLd
Li UW SLX ThPd Ld LYXu LiQV Lo
SLW h e]u,
LkVLs Gum NUQj \u QV CYm
UWVVjR \gNV APk Re]o, BVoXl TiQV
URPm APdLXlTjRlThP]o, LiQ LQYdf NUj
EQh UrkRs,
""\fXmu JuLi VuTn
UYYu; UVeL JL@@
Gu XmTd Li UW ALSLo Nu\ LYXu AWiU]l
TtLpX]p LsYu Gu LhPlThPu, Fr] LWQULl
TiVu "AY]d Lu AfXm LQoL De@ Gu BQPY
LYXu LXNnVlThPu,
BVoULs UR hp VjReLs Ru], G]Y BVo
Ts[o BnfVo WY Lrjj UX YThP]o, WY
p Fo AWYeLh Vs Jj LYXuLpXlThP
NnVd ]s, WYd j Lm TR JuQo]p
LXekR LiQ LQYu LXlThP Nn LhPm
TeVkRs; XgNW kRs; LiLs YlT ARs,
""WYd jt Yk V TiL[ LeLs, EeLs
A]Yo um Lh\u; LnLof NpY] LsY] Gu LQYu@
Gu LhPs, AYs Lsd J Y]- GkR, "TiQ Eu
LQYu LsY]pXu; AqY V CqWj Eim@ Gu AdWp
J-jR,
51

AdWp LhP LiQ Ut\f XmTd Lp Hk EWjR

WXjj RuVo Ze UW SLX \ Lhf NpY[]s,
FoUdLs Z CdL. LiQ EWjR]Yt\d Y ForY,
Y GuT CNlTPp YLV,

ForY
\

Gu\]u YnVu CXeo Y[jR

uXs u\ XmTu LVk
\p AWNuRu Fk Ym
\Pl Tjl TioLs DRu;
ThPu. TPR VWm. TLX

Et\u E\R EY]? DRu;

LsY] ApXu LQYu Gu LtXm
Lsm XlThPt Lu\W DRu;
URoj RLV UPYoLi u]W.
LRt LQY]d LiT]! DRu;
10
LRt LQY]d LiPp. AYu Yp
R SpEW LhT]! DRu;
R SpEW L[ RY]p
SRdL NnRs Gu Gs[p C Ju - Gu

15

FWYo Ll

ApXt Bt\ AY[d Li. He.

UpXp UWVo GpXk Rm UVed
L[VR uTm CdLLdd Lh
Y[VR NeLp Y[kR CYuLp?
Uu]Yo Uu]u UdP YsYkRu

20

Ru]Yu Lt\m RkR CYuLp?

UiWf Nnm U\Yp. SkRL
RiP YmU [jR CYuLp
NmTt Xm Ju LHk SmThPp
YmTl TkRnYm YkR CYuLp?

25

52

IA EiLi AHe AWtYs

RnYmEt \sTm RLVs. CYuLp?
GuT] Np-. C]k He. Bt\m
UuT tm VR UUWd
LmTX UdLs LQY]j ReLhPf
30
NmTtL A]Vs LiP[j Ru LQu
UpXuU OXm Cs Fh. UUXUp.
NqYu Lo ef NeLWu Nu\lTl
pXu UsUXl eLVs N-P
JpXu J- TPjR Fo,
35
Tim EiLp! Tim EiLp?
LiP LSo E\ ReEm
Tim EiLp? Tim EiLp?
Nu\m EiLp; Nu\m EiLp
Du\ Z Gj Y[odEm
Nu\m EiLp? Nu\m EiLp? 40
RnYm EiLp? RnYm EiLp?
YYp RlV Uu]Yu P-p
RnYm EiLp? RnYm EiLp?
GuY Np- AYs LQYu Ru
Tug UoTm TkRj RCd Ls[

Y 14-30
ApXt = YjRt; Bt\ = ReLUhP; UpXp = Y[m;
GuLp = Gu] LWQjRp LrkRR. Lt\m = AWVp; SmThPp
= SmUdLjRt ThPL. YmTl TkRnYm = VRL YkR TV
RnYm; IA EiLi = AZV NqYTPokR. UiPLiLs;
RnYt\s TkRLVs = RnYm HVYs Tp B]s; C]k
= Yk; LmTXUdLs = BWYjjm UdLs,

Y 31 - 35
pXuUsUX = JUej Rum UX; N-P =
AXm AWt\,

Y 36-50

45

u\u. Gk@@ \U YiLm

LuV@@ Gu\Ys Lio LVu Ut\
ARe Xju rk BZVs Ru LQYu
RRLV kRVj QY[dL VtTt\l
T Jk GkkRu TpXUWo Zjs[u, 50
-C[eLYLs
AgNtTs
Y 1-13
YnVu = LWYu; DoY[ = Ajf NnVl Tt\ Y[Vp
53

CXe = Ju\; R = R[PV LiQ; \ = ; \ =

Lt; DRu = C* AfXmu Ut\u; TLX = UXdLXm;
(Vt\ CkRlTp) E\R = \o APVR uTm; Et\u = Vu
APkRu; DRu = C* Gu]l TV]p VuEt\ JuTm;
XlTh = EV X LP Rm LYok Lsm Th;
(XlTs LlTRt DPL); DRu = CYo U; URo =
LRp; URoj RLV UPYo = LQYo LR-dm TiPV ULo; R
SpW = t\Ut\ CV U; DRu = C* Gu W; SRdL
NnRs = YkRjRdL] NnRs; Gs[p = CLrL; CYu = C
Ud J Ynl,

LSo = LQYo; YYs = VYs (CeL S XU)

RlV = RYV; YiLm = JTkV Lm; LuV =
LulTt; Ut\ = PdL; T = EPp; (\dLm YRtLL
EPX hPj GkRu GuL)

CXdLQm
Y 1- 13
DoY[ - ]jRL; LVk - HZm YtUj RL;
LtXm - HZm YtU Em TVm EPu RdLRL; SpW
- TijRL; Gs[p - Apt VeLs ]t,

Y 14-35
SkRL. RiP. NeLp - TijRLLs. TtXm u\m YtU Em TVm EPu RdL RL; EiLi - ]j
54

RL; Lp - CPfNp IVlTp YkR; tm - Nnm

Gum YnThl TVWfNm, UUW. UpXp UW EfNt\PoLs; LQu - GoU\ BiTp ]t; UOXm.
UUX - EfNt\PoLs. JlT - NVYu YnTh ]VfNm,

Y 35-50
Du\ Z - C\kRLXl TVWfNm; ReEm. Y[odEm CuNV[TPLs; YYs - EfNt\Po; RC NpNV[TP; \U - ]jRL; Y[dL - CWiPm
YtU Em TVm EPu RdL RL,

Tt
CWhPd LlVeLs VY?
XlTLWm - TVod LWQk RL,
XlTLWm - p AUlT GL,
XlTLWm m u EiULs VY?
XlTLWjt EWVV TUdLs VYo?

II. T]:
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,

Y[jR
XmTu
LVk
\P
TjlTio

C[eLYL[l Ttd lW RL,

"DRu@ - Ts [dLmRL,
LiQVd LiP FWYo Ljd V] VY?
"JpXu J-TPjR Fo@ - J- GmVUdL] LWQjR
[dL,
EiLp@ Gum \p LiQ ]k V] VY?
LYX]d LiP T LrkR AtRm V?
LiQu Wm SLoUkRo UVed V]m VY?
UiUXlTp LiQ C]k He EWjR]m
LYX]d LiPT LrkR AtRjRm CT YLp
YWL,

uXs
Hk
tm
Du\

L[VR
Jk
LuV
Lu\o

ThPu
LiTu
Gs[p
LiP

1,

XlTLWjs[ LiPeLs
A) u
B) B
C) lT

2,

XlTLW EWVVs JYo

A) C[mWQo
B) AmTRWLWo
C) Sf]odV,

3,

XlTLWjt YZem \ll TVoLp Ju,

A) LiQ LR
B) \lTLWm
C) EWPhP ThPf Nns

4,

XlTLWju Eh
A) TPXm
B) CVp

5,

6,

C) LR

RX FV NkRu - Y
Rm XlTLWm Gu TWhVYo
A) TWRNu
B) TWVo
C) LU RL SVLm s[
Y GuT ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, YLV
A) NkRlTPp
B)CNlTPp
C) LlTPp

VIII.TjL

IV. CXdLQdl YWL,

DoY[
Y[odEm
Gs[p
EiLp

TkRnYm
eLVs
ARe
U\Yp
NmTu

VI. TTR ElXdLQm RL,

III. S]:
1,
2,

LtXm
SpW
NeLp
UdP
TtL

VII.P RoL:

I. ]:
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,

V. jl Qof GL,

RiP
SpW
YsYkRu

tm
UOXm
RC

55

LtXm
YYs
SkRL

XYoLs
C[eLYLs
jRdLRYo
SRjR]o
jRXfNjR]o

CVtV pLs
UULX
XlTLWm
YLkRU
Y[VT
iPXL
56

B, LmTWUVQm

IX. Uj\u Y[oTt

XlTLWdLR LXu - LoQL LRVL Shl\eLp
jRLm LRVLm YZe Y\, NqVp UW Ynk
LlVjR Tt\ CdLR UdLs YZdLtp X Ut\eLPu
YZeYR AL, BWOo Et\ WTjVV LiQ YTP WU
RYRLs WTR. LVmUu YTPL HtLlThs[ Gum
ZdLs CRu Y[oXV Gum AOoLs YR BnL,
LXu - LoQL SPLm; Lr Tt\ CqYL[ m CpXj
Vo Ynd LhPL,
""Ljp kR UX LZhP VpX,,
LLV CVo R@@
LiQVug Npdd LiL[p STYs GuT Ts,
AWR Tfm EWR lm EPV UpVp BV LiQ
LgNtL[ Y\dm AYXfZX UnlT Ru\ Sjd
LhL,

X. S\r Tt
TpY NkRd lL[PV TPpL[m Tjd LiL,
p:
GU UU] GjRRo
CLX- LPX LdLY
T LdZm
m UU LdLY

CWU LRd BLVm Gum AdLRV YPUp CVtV

Yud BL Gum TVo Ei, LmTSPo Yu GV
YPUd LlVjRj Rj Rr Up LlVg Nns[o,
G]Y C Y p G]lT\,
LmTu CWUVQjRd LmT SPLm G]m LmTjWm G]m
Lt\kR AOo L oYo, LmTu Vl YiQeLs p Sm
u ou\], "YW LmTu Nu] YiQk Rit\\@
Gu J LQdm Ei,
RXdVjp RPeV LlV Y[of LmTo TPlp EfNX
VPYR Sm LQXm, LmTWUVQm B LiPeL[PV, AY
TXLiPm. AVjV LiPm. BWV LiPm. hkR LiPm.
kRW LiPm. jR LiPm GuT]Ym,
HZeLiPUL EjRW LiPm Gum TVd LmTu
NULXjRYWV JhPdjRo CVt]o,
(LmTo TtV H]V lL[d LPs Yrjl Tp LiL),
kRW LiPjs[ Y RR TPXju Li Es[ TPpLs
SU TPlTVLj Ro NnVlThs[],

-L-eLjlTW
Ljl T\ LhPd L[N
dd dd
jlR dl V] L
Lht\Z ShTt\QW
YhlT hd X
jlTP Jjl TYX TU[

- lLr
(Sp)
LZ P \LL LX YL CN m YLVp
HZ V VWYoLs VYN] NuUm DNPUm

- RYWm,
57

LmTWUVQm Gum ClTeLlVm LmTo Gum XYo

TU]p CVt\lThPRm, LmTo Rm CVtV Ckd "CWUYRWm@
Gu\ TVhPo, AY LmTWUVQm Gu YZeLXt,

LiPm - Tm - TPXm - Eh

kRWLiPm
CWUVQjs IkReLiPUL [eY kRWLiPm,
CdLiPU LlVju UVL [e\ GuTo, ClT
Ym V YVV AUu NVpL[ NpXlTu\],
AUdf kRWu Gum TVm Ei GuTRp AUu
RXUl TiLs Tt [em CdLiPm kRW LiPm
G]Xt GuTo,
LPXjRi CXeLt dL AUu R CdPjRj
RjVm ANLY]jRVPk RVd LiPm AeL
RPm CWYQu Yk EWVVm R AY]dLkWj.
JdVm Rd SpXU Np CQedU AWdVW H
CWYQu ALu\m R U]kR[okRm EW Pj kRm CWU
Ru Vu G] AUu Ru RuVm CWUu APV[
58

UL[d Vm LQVVj RkRm R AR]p UrkRm

AUPm PUV YZe YWjRm CWUdf Nu]
NnLm AUu TXW T CXeLV Gh Aek
CWUPm YkRm CWU]d Li AR u LrkRYt\
WpTPf NpRm BV NnL[ ClTt LQXm, RVd
Li YkR AUu V NnLs ClTp AUu t\Lj
RWlThs[],

Y RR TPXm
AUu CWUdf Ru XVd l]p
EQojRp

Gn]u AUm; Gn HkRpRu

UnLZp RXu; [ eV
RVX SdV RXVu; L]u
YVLm RCS \g Yrj]u,

RVd LiPR AUu CWUPm Rp

LiP]u Ltd LVd LiL[p;

RiW AXLPp CXeLj Ru]Lo
AiPoS VLCj\j. IVm
Ti[ VUu \Uu TuYu,

3*

EuTk RVum EUdm Eu]l Tt\

UuT U Vum YnUdm X Uu]u
RuTk R]V Vuk RLUdm RXU Nu\s
GuTk RnYUV Cu]U Lh GuTu,
4
tTk RPkRs W! eo CXeL Ytp
StTk RYjR [V SeLVd LiP ]pXu
Ct\l TuT Rum CmT\ VuT Rum
LtTm TVW Rum LSPm Vd LiPu,
5*
59

CXeLV m S CWYQu CdL Gnl

TXeZ VYW VpXm TY\ Sdl TkRu
AXeRi NX dLu; AqY AQeLu ][d
LXe Ri Wt \V Liod LPt LiPu, 7
RVX YQeLt LjR CPTk RuU Sd
IV. Vu CkR LX AXeLpYp CXeL YkRu
Gn]u; CWk \g]u: Ck SeL
YnW NpXf d L\pUt Li hPu, 8
BP AQeu Ltm IVu ]m NnV
VSp X\m Gue ]V] RPok LlTl
T]u AWd UWf Npu Tu Gu\e()
H]u AYWXm Gu UkWj \e t\o,
9

NnV EQokR CWUu Urf

i\p AYuNVp RV Sd]u;

Yi\ Km Y-Vs; UtYu
LiPm Ei; AYs Ltm Su\]d
LiP]u; l]p EQm LsLVu,

YXs CXeL Vum SLo JNo iRn

LXm UXRm CpXRo L]Ld LtTf
NXVe LRp Em p ]p RjR V
NXp CkR[V; RYm NnR RYUm RVp,
6

Au]Ro Tp SeL Bo \lT RL

Eu]s LVu \kd LmTm E\lTf tj
RuUd Ljt Nojm A[Yp Rj SVu
Tu] YQe u uTVo Lu\ Tru,
10
A\j RVf Nu] To. AP V[m GpXm
N\ Sd SVu kRp dLm CuU
Y\ Gi YiQ UWm LhPd LiPs
Cu EoRk m UkRjR R]V RkRn,

11

YeV B Ru] YgNoFo YkR RUu

\eVo UZdLi Wp BWm LXNm Bh
He]s CkR RpXp CVmTXs; GnjR U
e]s VkR RpXp CUjXs Eol iPs, 12

60

Au]Yod LV]u t kRu ]jR YpXm

Nu\ VVf Np j RL kR Zp
Cu]Ru \ XU jR] RrjR Ru\
Uu]u YjRl Tm EQoj]u; Eol YkRs, 13
Ce[ RuU VpXm CV CVmTd LhPs;
Ae[ RuU VpXm AV]t LVf Nu]s;
eL[u lTu Cu]; [m okR u]
UeYu EWPuu UXW Nu YjRs,
14
RRkR PUV CWUPm AUu NojRp

YjRu -u YjR UUd LWN Yed

LjRXj u DkRs; RUWd LiLs BW
jRL Li Vu LjR]u YR Sup
Enj[ LX UpXm LZm Ke tTu,

8, CPTkRuU = RkR LXm Yndm RuU; L\p =

LpRp; AXeLp = UX;
9, Tu Npu = SuURY]m U [lT]U]
NtL[l TlTPVL Gjf NpeLs, H]u = H]u;
10, E\lT = AjRUL; Nojm A[Y = Uhm T; Eu]s =
]kR]s; Lu\ Tru = Nu] T;
11, dLm = YgN]; = YT; Uk = ArRm
12, CVmTXs = (EQofl TdLp) TfNum T][pXs,
GnjRU = C[jR EPm; e]s = jRs; B = UWm;
iPs = YlTj]s, Eol iPs = Tf hPs,
13, AjR = LrkRY; YjRlT = uTm; Eol = Tf; RL
= Up Tm NVXs,(R)

15
- LmTo

14, CV = TjR\. \VL; [m okRu] =

(GmWd U]pXVu; eLs Ju = J URm
15, UUdLW = PU; jRL = AO]; Li= LL,

CXdLQm

AgNtTs
1,

HkRp = \kRu (CWUu); LZp = Y (LZXkRLp); [ =

RUW; RVp = (UL[V) RlWh; YVLm = RW; YVLm
RC = RWp rk; C\g = YQe,

2, i\p = (TWt\p dLY]V) CWUWu; K =

kRp;(kRXPV[V R) RV = (NV-u SdLjRj
Rok) Ak; Y-Vs = (EPp. U]m CWiu EVp TLYu
Fm) EPu Es[s; EVs; (Lt Y-UPu Es[s
GuT l) Ut = Um,
3, \j = LL, TuYu = EWlT]]u; W = AX,
*TYL : LjRm
4, Uu = RVWRu; U = UULs; R]V = ULs; Lh = LhTVL,
5, RPkRs = ALu\Rs; CmT\= YV TU(TUdV
TU); e o = TWk TV LPp (rkR CXeL) Yt UX (CXeLj u J T) *TYL : AodLSX BV
jRm,
6, Em = EuRm (CXdYu); YX = LPp; iRn = Y][V;
L SPm = B]kR SP]m; L]Lm = Tu; NX = ToQNX,
7, TY\ = RjRVL, AQe Au]s = RnYm TpYs;
AXe = ANRp; JkR
61

1,

Gn]u - t; UnLZp - ]jRL; RXu GoU\]t; LZp - RVTVo; RC NpNV[TP

2, i\p Sd]u
- TijRLl \jl \kR
AuUjRL; Yi\ Km YVs - ]jRLl \jl
\kR AuUj RL; YVs - l ]t,
3, RiW - Tij RL; AXLPp - ]jRL; \j (uX) HYp ]t,
4, Lh - uX HYp ]t,
5, TkRPkRs - TijRL; eo - ]j RL; RPkRs
- EfNt\Po; TkRYm - TijRL; Ct\l - HZm
YtUjRL; LSPm - ]jRL,
6, SLo - ]jRL. Em - \lTVo; IV - ; Em EuRm GuTRu UE,
7, TXeZ - u\m YtU Em TVm EPuRdL RL,
8, Liu odLPp - EYLm; L\p - RtTVo,
9, Npu - HYp ]t; A\u - (A\m) Cl T; GXm GpXm GuTRu CPd\,
10, Bo - TijRL; Tu] - EYUjRL,
62

11, YiQ UWm - CWiPm YtU Em TVm EPu RdL

RL,
12, To APV[m - EmUjRL
13, EQoj]u - RuU JU ]t; tkR - CWiPm
YtUj RL
15, UU - EfNt\Po; LjRXm - CTVWhl TijRL

Tt
I. ]:
kRWLiPm Gu TVo YWd LWQm V?
AUu CWU] GnVm NnR NVp V?
CWUu lTp EQokRY VY?
"LiP]u@ Gu AUu VY VY?
"EoRk Dm@ UkRjR Gu AUu lhPRu Ts
V?

II. T]:
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,

LmTo - l YWL,
LmTWUVQm l YWL,
AUu NnRm CWUu EQokRm VY?
"Gu TkRnYm@ Gu AUu EWjR] VY?
LSPm Vd LiPu Gu AUu EWjRYt\ GL,
"RYm@ NnR RYUm RVp "CXeLp CkR XV AUu
GqY ]u?
7, CXeLVoLu YkRm Be LrkR]m VY?
8, U]kR[okR R NnVjkR NVm AR]d LiP AUu
NnLm VY?
9, LQV LiP Ru NVpLs VY?
10, AUu Rdf NpV NnLs VY?
11, R CWUdf NpVlV Nnm APV[m Tt
GL,

III.S]:
1,
2,

i\p
Em
L\p
LjRXm

LSPm
UU
UXW
Bo

GnjR U
Npu
RC
Ct\l

RUWdLiLs
AXLPp
\j
Yi\Km YVs

V. jl Qof RL:

14, UXW - EYUjRL

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,

IV. CXdLQdl YWL:

RV AUu LiYk V NnL[ CT YLp

L GL,
CWYQu YLm ARuu LrkR]UV NVpL[
AUu EWjR Te] CT YLu LUp GL,
63

i\p
Yi\
Y\
[m

Ct\l
BP
Bo
UdL

u]s
RPkRs
UZdLio
Sup

CmT\
UdLj
YjRlT

VI. ElXdLQmRL:
Gn]u
C\g
\j
iPs

Lh
CkRs
dLu
EQoj]u

L\p
Npu
Ct\o
tTu

RXu
LiP]u
e]s
SdV

VII.P RoL:
1,

Rm CVtV CWU LRdd LmTo ChP TVo

A) Yp
B) BLVm
C) CWUYRWm

2,

LmTSPLju Vl YiQeLdd \lTm LQd

A) Rit\
B) tVh
C)

3,

LmTWUVQjs[ LiPeLu GidL

A) B
C) H
C) JuT

4,

EjRWLiPjRl TVYo
A) JhPdjRo
B) Yu

C) LZklXYo

5,

kRWLiPm CWUVQjp
A) RtLiPm
B) IkReLiPm
C) HZeLiPm

6,

kRWu Gum TVWp CWUVQjp YZeLlTTYo

A) AUu
B) CWYQu C) CXdYu

7,

VY Gu\ZdLlTTYo
A) LPu
B) AUu
C) PQu

R]V Vu\ Np-u Ts

A) AmU
B) EPu\kRs

9,

C) ULs

CWUu LjRRLf RPm AUu LhV

A) LQV B) AULs
C) LRm
64

10, RlWh Ru] hfNpX Yi jR LXm

A) J eLs B) KWi
C) JSs

VIII.Uj\u Y[oTt
Y RRTPXm TPlT Ym AUu t\Lj
RWlThs[, CR] KWeL SPLUL G EQofLs XlTU
UnlTRu\ Sjd LhL, LmT SPLju LhVZLf
YOod EQojL,
LiP]u Ltd LVd LiL[p Gu\ ALp [em
LmTu TPu EolT m BVo Ynd LhPL,
"LiPu LiPu LiPu RVd LiPu CWLY
L Lp Eu EY u]d
LYn RX Eu SUU Tu]l
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
T VWdVo LYp \u]l
Tg TkR TZgjWm Gu]d LiPu LiPu,,,,,

C, RmTY
CjR Sh-k CV NTu Yd LjRdL NUVm
TWlTj Rr Sht YkR WUYo CVtVjR TeLlVm
RmTYVm, u LiPeLs - lTjR TPXeLs - YWj
Atl T]k TPpLs LiP RmTY, RmT + A
GueLp Gum YPR UX Gum Ru + T + A GumT
"RuTu\ TdL[ AVL EPV@ Gum TsTYRt,
CV TUu Y[olj RkRVWV N UYWl
ThPj RXYWLd Li RmTY SP Tp\,
LjRdLjfNTu LsLLm AWLm LR YYL
Ckp CPm Tts[], G]Y Ckp jY NUVjRu
LXdL[gVm Gu AZdLlT\,

-CWU SPLd ojR]

WUYo
LuvPu
_NlTv
Gum
CVtTVWPVYo, LuvPu Gum CjR Uf Npd
AgNU GuT Ts, BLY CYo Rm TVWj RVSRN Gu
Utd LiPo, RrfNu\o CYW WUYo Gu AZjR]o,

l]p EQojRm lTRm GpXodm CVVd U!

AUu EQojRm IVu CWUu EQokRUV TY]Vd Li
UrL,

1710 Bm Bi RrSht YkR ClTVo lTjRZiLs

NUVl Tk Rrl Tm k 1747 Bm Bip AmTXdL Gum
CPjp CVtLVn]o,

AUu CPPUp KW ft NpV Tp Y RR

TPXm AUkd\, CR CkRl TPX UQYo fPUt
Np-l TodLXm,
S[YhPj RU S]j Rkj
SLQm hPWh
ShPjR mTWU hPjRkg
Ss ]lT QiP
L[ YhPm TZV S YhPj]
lt YtThUr
hPjt LZ
YRiP RiP LRiP U NdW
Y[YhPg LZX Uhj ShPm
U UjRo,,,,,,

WUYu RrlTLs Gum ]dLtTX],

tXdVeLs. EWSP. ALW. U TVol. CXdLQm.
TeLlVm Gu RXdV YWXtp AYW TeLl
XTPVRL [e\,

- UWTWo

65

CYo dLYod LXmTLm. jRVmUs AmU]. YVo

JdLm. TWUojR LR. NkRr CXdLQm. LkRr CXdLQm.
Rup [dLm. NWLW RV pL[m CVts[o,
d\u A\jlTp ThTp CWiP]m WUYo CXju
Up U TVojs[o, AlXYo TUu CVtV RmTYd
LlVju SU TPlT Ro NnVlThs[,

Y[u NjR TPXm

LlVj RXY]] Y[u Gum N UYo R Uu]u
AWN UWp RuV YWXt\WlTY Y[u NjR TPXUm,
(VNl Gum N Gum JTVodLlThP _Nl Gum
TVW WUYo Y[u Gu RrlTjs[U Et SdLjRdL,
Y[eL[ Y[Wf NnTYu Gum Ljt\u GWV Ut N
66

Gu\ TVo YZe\, ARu SV U TVolTLY "Y[u@ Gu\

TVW WUYo Ch YZes[o GuL)

LRfdLm
RV Shp Np Gu\ Uu]u BhkR SsLp
UXSLp YrkR -jRVo GuTo U\Vl Tjm LP[
CLrkm YkR]o, AYoLs Np Uu]] Gojl TPLi
YkRT LVj Gum AWdLu AYoLPV Ru]u,
AYu CvWVp UdL[ CLrk. ""mp JYu Gu] Tok
YtT\YL, Gm CYod UhU To LZhm, Rt\Yo
Yu\Yod AUVLYim@@ Gu A\Yp jRu, UdLs
AYu Rt\jRm LUL[m Li UiP]o,
CvWVXo AgV RuUVd LiP Np Uu]u Yk]u,
"CqYWdL]l Tp YpYd Gu UL[ UQgNn R\u@,
Gu AjRu, StT SsLs LkR], RRu Gum C[gYu
TPtNokR Ru AiQuUo YWm TodL YkRu; AWdL]
CLrf UL[m UdLs AgjRXm Li Yk]u,
"Yt EPp Y-U LiPYd Sm AgYR? RnYju
YpXUV YUVLd Li S] AY] YpYu@ Gu s
EWjRu,
A LhP Uu]u AYd BReL[ YZeL uYWj RR]
R]d AYt\l TVuTjRj RV Gu Uj ALu\u, u]o
J LYm Ik LtLm Li To]df Nu\u, CYm
GWo u WW ]o, RRu LpXVjRm LYPl
hVm Vm LiXo; L-Vj LULm TX rkRR]V
LiP]o,
""RnY YpXUV kR] NnYod Cu]TV SUu
Lio@@ Gu R AYu RXVd LnRu,

Y[u NjR TPXm

Y VtL Pj SLWXm SeL

U VtLo YjRY [k]o SlTi
B VtLk RLpp EdL YnkR
L VjRe LVY WdLR ]ojRu, 1

67

iP YsP SeVl TPoL pTp

UiP RsVu YhPU TjYg PWj
iP XU]f jR s DhL Red
iP [YZp [olTh PokRu,

LVju A\Yp

ojR ToNVd ]od LYuYk Rnf

ojR SuAYu \kRTo RjR RdLj
RojR Te]o RmTWu \Y Wu]
BojR KLVu SLjLr Y\kR\k RZlTu, 3
SLW UkRu Uh

TV u\U TVR RU HR
EV RuX ]d Li Yd
LV i LRjRu Lj Ru]
AV L Vj R\kRNt LhP]o UiPo, 4
LVj SLWUkRWLrRp

Su] mTP SdC YV RuU

Lu] eY PjR]u NdLZd Ljl
Tu] mTLp TWU]l TLlT LrkR
Nu] mTL RPokR]u GYW SLlTu,

Np Uu]u AdL

Re YXf NtV WLsLh PYm

e YW] Tm AVRu ]gt
He Y]Yu GokR Aq YWdL] Yu\p
Be S]Yt LuULs AdYu GuTu,

RRu YL

Cu] YnlTLp StTm CkRu AiQo

u]o YW WiNVl T]o AYWj
u] BNVp RPok[k RR ]n
Au] VYm Ag]o A\Re LhPu,
68

Ru WUm C\Tdm

LhP YNLm [o\ SgPj RV

DhP XU] Gk[m ]kRY Vdd
LhP YnUt LPkRYp LP[ SLlT
YhP Xp eV LVY] Wu\u,

LVj - RRu EWVPp

RnYju As YUVp S] YpYu Gu

RRu EWjRp

LYVj]t LjPj P-e Lem

TnY Vj]u LkR Nt LgY Ru]
UnY Vj]p ZNV UYR LPs
NnY Vj]t YuSu YpY ]u\u,

10

RRu LYm Lpm Rk LQoRp

RkR BnkRYg XV LYQj RYm

CkR TX] Sds [Nj WeL
kR BNVp YVo BVd \l
kR LX
TLYe L]Y UojRo,
11
LX
LVju LTU

BojR KRLh PWdLu \UodLo YLl

TojR TX]l TjRk VY UgNd
ojR YX LYk RLpL t
TojR LPSh T V]W NnRu,

69

13

Ru WU

YpY YpN PXu PXP S]

GpYV RWVt \ Xj\d LPs
YpL V] UnjPp hW VL
JpNn Y]] PLYi Zt] [Vu, 14 *

AWNu BReL[ YZeLu YRm RRuAYt\

UjRm

AV YiUV ANj RWNu Su\u]

V [Y YX R]Tp L
EV ToNV JeRk R]u AYt \Ru
V Bn\ RXu G]Uj RLu\u,

V PYo tTR URmT LUp

SV P] SPjU LReL S]
YV P[k olP U is
BV PXLj Rl\j RY Vu\u,

LVj rRm RRu NVm

LpX Vt\m LY]f Zt\ UdLp

JpX VhP UYe LiX dm
NpX VjR] XRt TnR Uu]u
GpX Tnk kR] rRe LiPo,

15

LP Ljt Lp EU m Tt
TP Ljt ToTRj RgNrk R]u\u
PV Ljt QokRY Vu RnYm
EP Wj] EQo]u gWe LnRu,

16

LoLj RN Nd LjRYq YWdLu Yu\

oLj [Yp u]oj \jRRu ]U YXt
ToLj RWu pXu TU\ TjR Vm
ToLj RRtLg Oum TkP YL NnR], 17
-WU Yo
AgNtTs
1,

12

YVp = YVL AUkR U]p (rkR) LP =

(TLYoLs) LlTt\VR; U = Vu; Lo YjR - JV;
SlTi = Sp; B = UZ o; Lk = L; EdL EYeLi; YnkR = LUV AVLl Tojd LiP;
ULmTp LV UVPVYu GuL,
70

2, P = CPu JTdLm; Se = CLdLh; UiP = \kR;

VuYhPm = ALu\ LPVm; Tj = UkLi; AjR =
JkR; i = j; A[ = \kR; [olT = \V;
GokRu = uu\u;
3, ojR = Bt\pdL; Su AYu = Sm AYm; RojRTe]o =
Rpt\Yo; RmTo = AULs; BojR - (A\) AZjR;
KLVp = Ll]p; (Ndu LVp Ll EiPt)
CLr A\k = CLrfVnl T,
4, TVR = TV; EV RuX E = GR]m Jlhd
\VR EYm; Y= Ag; Li = LiPT; LRjR =
]dL,
5, Sd = SdLt; LpSeY = UXfLWm; Nd = Ru
Gum ALeLWm; ALkR; Lj = ]k.
6, ReYo = (TLYu) Ru]d LlTYo; Tu = AWNu; AVm =
Nom,

CXdLQm
1,

LP - DLhP GoU\l TVWfNm; ALpp ]jRL,

2, Lp. YgPo - TijRLLs; iPXU] G] EYU,

3, ]o - ]VXQmTVo;
A\kR\k - Adj RPo,

4, LRjR - ll TVWfNm; LhP]o = ]VXQm TVo,

5, RPokR]u SLlTu - t\fNm,
6, AdYu - RuU JU ]t,
7, Ag]o - ]VXQm TVo,
8, LhP YNLm - TVWfNm,
9, LYVm. UnYVm - B\m YtUj RLLs,

7, CkRu = LkRu; u] = SeL (hPl Tnl Todm

lTjRp)

10, AV BiU - ll TVWfNm,

8, [o\Sg = CVpTLY [of dL SgNm; = N; GV

DhPp Bm G] = SlT J NWd LhV TX,

12, Lp. T - TijRLLs,

9, LYVm = RsY-U; UnYVm = EPpY-U; LkR = ]kR,

10, = kR; JA[ = J TkV. V = Uk V; Bn\
= TVuTjm \,
11, IgX = Ik LtLs; LpJ = Ltu KN;

SuAYu - EmUj RL,

11, CkR TXu - TVWfNm,

13, URmT L - ]jRL,
14, YYp - EfNt\Po,
15, LiXo - GoU\ ]t,
16, EQou - HYp ]t,
17, TU\ - ]jRL,

12, KR = KN
13, EolP = TfP; U = Zu
14, Yp = YpXjRdL. YYp = VYp. Pp = Y-U; GpY =
RdLNUVm; YpL = YU dL LWeLs; JpNnYu = Wk
NVtTYu, TYL = L-j\
15, JpX = WYL; Np = ULm; XRp = LpTu\ St; GpX
= LW,
16, LPLm = EXL Ss; E = C; Ue = Cl; Wm =
RX,
17, AN = C; N = S\; SUYp = AfNkRmYp,

71

SUYp - EfNt\Po,

Tt
I. ]:
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8,

RmTY - Ts L,
jY NUVjRYu LXdL[gVm Gu Tt\lTm p
V?
RmTY u ThPj RXYo Vo?
RmTY GjR] LiPeL[PV?
WU Yu CVtTVo V?
WU Yu CXdVl TeLl GjRLj?
WUYo CVtV pLs VY?
WU Yu UTVoll TV [dL,
72

9, Y[u NjR TPXm EWlT V?

10, Y[u Gu\ Np-u T[ [dL?
11, RV Shp TLLi u\ C]jRo VYo?

3,

LVj UkR CLrfWLs VY?

Np Uu]u AdL V?
C[kRRu Gjf Nu\ BRm V?
LVj RR]d Li Yi EWjRY VY?
RRu LVjd EWjR UU V?
RRu LVj] Yu\U VeM]m?

III.S]:
1,

LVj Gu\ AWdLu YLm RRu AY] Yu\

\j]m CT YLu LUp YWL,

IV. CXdLQdl YWL:

LP
LRjR
A\kR\k

Li
T
AdYu

LYVm
]o
EQou

d\u A\jlTp ThTp BVYt\ WUYo

UTVojj RkR,
A) BeX Up B) CXju Up C) YPUp

5,

RmTY u ThPj RXYo

A) NUYo
B) CVTUu

AZlTu
LiXo
EQou

AdYu
CWeL
BojR

LhP]o
A\Rp

Ag]o
HYn

VI. jl Qof RL:

Lp
A\kR\k

SeY
T

YgPo
i

NdLZ
CgWm

VII.Ts [eU j GL:

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,

BojR KLV]Lj LrY\kR\kRZlTu,

LYVj]t LjPjP-e Lem,
VPYo tTR?
i BVP EXLjRl\j RYVu\u,
JpNnY ]]P LYi Zt][Vu,

VIII.P RoL:
1,
2,

WUYu RnS
A) RZLm
B) Wu

C) CjR-

LuvPu Gug Npdl Ts

A) Lu\Yu B) AgNRYu C) YtShPYu
73

C) RRu

IX. Uj\u Y[oTt:

1,

ELi Gs[U Yim Gu\

GjdLhPLf X LrfL[ YWL,

2,

RRdm LVjdm SPkR EWVPX SPLULl

TPj WgNVl Td LhL,

3,

WUYWl Tm AVp ShPYo RZLjt YkRm. Rr

U AYoL[d LYok LiPm. AqYVp ShPo Rdf
NnR BdLlTL[m m BVo BtlTjR XLg
Nu Ak U AYt\Xd oU Nn LsL,

4,

AqYiQm o AkR UpSh BnYOo JYWlTt

J LhW YWL,

ALpp
YYp

V. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

C) AmTR ALW

4,

II. T]:
1,
2,
3
4,
5,
6,

WUYo RjR ALW

A) NWLW
B) TWLW

d\d

X. S\r Tt:
WUYu RmTY d kRV BVo GV
uW Z RWlThs[, CqWVj RPul Tjl TZL,
At\Ss EWSP Cu]YiQm CkR GuTEm AlTl TdLl
TZ]p RY] JdlLd Sm TZLm GuTEm
X]m,

RmTY LW : Ss: _X 27 - Bi 1927 (27-7-1927)

fN,
EVoY Xg NgPW ]eLkRu \iLo VYodm
[eLtL. AR]j Rjd LhY RYNWpXR Tp
CjRNUem TPokRqPj UjVkR O]Y qjRU
LlVjR vjl TWhP YiYpXV, CY LWd Lpl
XU RV \eL[t LtYpX XYi ULTo Tt [eV
jY WUVV WUYodLnR Teojl WT-Vjd
dV LWQUt, R U V Ru TdLs XYo
RVYod dLuTm TVlTUu VYth RkR kRkReLs
U\ lm VlUU,
74

D, TiVu T
TiVu T Gum CdLlVm TYkRo TWRN]p
CVt\lThPRm,
TWRNu 29-4-1891 Cp fNp \kRo, CYo Tt\o
L]LNT. CXdVmUs GuTYWYo, Tt\o CYdhP TVo
lWj]m GuTRm, CYo RrUm Wg Um \kR
XU Tt\Yo, RZVWLl TkRYo, TWVo fNp
CkRT AYPu LiP RPo CYW GV SPp GRm
TWRNu GuTVo Ls[m iYRt, "c lWUV
TWu LRUiPXjRf NokR lWj]m@ - Gu TWVo CYW
Ht\m CYo RmUl TWRNu Gu AZjd LiPm CYWl
uRPokR LOoLs TWRNu TWmTWVu TVo Tt\m.
AYoLm RmU YRNu. LmTRNu lWj]RNu (WR) Gu
CqYLVLl ] TVoLs LiPm Rr YWXtt lPj Rm
LrL[m,
Rr Um RZm Rr Sm oTtf \dLY CYo RU
TPt\m YRm TVuTj]o, UUXofd LjL[ CYo
TPpLt TWdLd LQXm, AR]p CYo "Whd LOo@ G]l
Tt\lThPo,
"Ru C]jRm UVm TPR LR
YpXRUWm; pXR T\Y@,,,,, Gu
TV EVd LOo CWp LmNRq TXY TYkRo
TWRNm [e\o,
mT[d. TiVu T. NWRiPYm. CiP .
RZfu Lj. WkRVo. gjh. AZu l. C[Oo
CXdVm. RVdLm. d\s EW RV TX pL[ Gs[o,
CYo GV WkRVo SPLm NjV ALRl T Tt\,
"Yrp NmUVf NnTYs V@ Gum TPXl Y AW
R] Rr Yrjl TPXL Htd Lis[, RZL AW CYo TVWp
TpLXdLZLUu m. CYoRm pL[ ShPUVdm
CYdf \lf Nns[, CYo YhP "p@ Gu\ CXdV
CRr TpY LOoLs Ru Y[Wd LWQUkR,
"G]u\ RkRdm Rndm UdLs
C]u\ RrS R]dm Gu]p
]V[ SXUm PdUu\p
NjRm Ss G]dj S[m,
75

Gu TiVu T YXLf NpXlTm Lj CdLOo TUu

YrdLd dLs Gu\ Ls[Xm,
"Ri NnYn Rdj
\Rk \Rk
jRkR@
Gu RZoL[j RhVlV TYkRo 21-4-1964 Au
CVtLVn]o,

uLRf dLm
LoShP BiP Uu]u LWYXu; AYu U]
LidVs; CYoRm JW ULs Au]m,
LidVu AiQm TPjRXYU] SdLiQu
r f Vp YZ Uu]u TPVl LrkR, TPLjp
SdLiQu YgNjRp AWNm AWm UiP]o, AWiU]kR
TZds Lo ShP YZel TiV Uu]u Gs[ ThPVm
TNL DkR EPYm Um AULm CkR], AlTZV
SdLiQu LlTt\ ]jRu,
AWiU]kR TZV SdLiQu Gj AeL UtPp
u\ WlT]j R] LVs Gu L AYPm Lj U\j
YdLl TjRu, TZ CqY\ LU U\k Tt,
AWNdl \ SP[ YiVYs C[YW Au]U, BLY
TiVu T APeV TZVd Li Yk RYod Au]m
UXYs Gum AdLlThP,
AWu R BjRdZ GuTYs, AYs LQYu WlTu hj
Rp NnTY]LVp AY] Yjj RV YrkRs, AYs ULu
YXu GuTu BVW Ajd Lpm LXTXm Ltj LrkRu,
BjRY Au]jRl TdLjR NUYs,
CfZp Au]m AYs R m TPt Npm T
VtLt Rdt, BjRu ULu YXu Ys[jk AYoL[
hPu, YZSh U\Yo Au]jRf \ldL Ym Tm
GoUjd LjRu,
AYu NnR ERLd Au]m Su ]s, LR RPo\,

76

AgNtTs

TiVu T
BjRY CYoVoGu \u]m LhPs!
AYuRu GuULu GuNu]s BjR!
jRm LiPVo YZ ShPo
\dL YLX UjR Gu]d
LjRm CYoRU? Gu\s Au]m!
LPUk RuCY] Gu\s BjR!
YnjW U]jR EWd LdL
U\lT mSu Gu\s Au]m!
JNtm TVpX EPmT. YrY
EipX GuU u]j u]
SNtm XLR hPf Nu\o
SLldL CXdL] Ru]
Wd YnKVd \hp Uu]o
NndL SRiP Uu] uTi
QWdL BhTjR jRp Yim?
AdL CR] BdL Yim!
G]Du\ RkRdm Rndm UdLs
C]mDu\ RrS R]dm Gu]p
]V[ SXUm Pd Uu\p
NjRm SsG]dj S [m
T]V[ SXUm Ru] XjRl
TolT]o UdLX TR VYu
E]Ju Yiu\u Gu]p BY
iPu\p ARtLu\u Ei Pu\u,
CZkRTi Vu TNj RYod Lu]
CZkT Yu@ Gu WNm Gem
ZeVKo N] Ao Tm!
VXU CjR]Ss Ljo Tm!
TZmTV TiV]o TZd s[
TLYoRU JjmKo lm Ei!
LjRLr EUdi Li YkRp!
LPLjR RmCk Shd Lu\s,

1,

jRm Li = lT T\dm Li; Uj = CPUj,

2, u = u]p; = EPmTV Ye; = od Tu\

XVt\ Yr; Wd Yn KVd \ = KVUp W Jdm
t\m; \ = AWiU] t\m, TYkRo TP-p XVU
TNlTY kRVu\,
3, ]V[ = LfR[; TR = TRo

4, TZ = Th

CXdLQm
GuULs - SuLm YtUjRL; Rm Li - Nnm Gum
YnThl TVWfNm; LjRo. RYo - ]VXQm TVoLs;
XLR - GoU\l TVWfNm; Du\ RkR - TVWfNm; CZkR
(TiVu) T - TVWfNm; ZeV (Ko) N - TVWfNm; Ao uX GoU\ ]t; LjR Lr - TVWfNm,

Tt

I. ]:
1, RZL AW TWRN]l Tts[U VeM]m?
2, LoSh AWNu AWVo TVoL[ GL,
3, BjRd Z - Vo?
4, Au]m YX]lTt ]V V?

II. T]:

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,

TYkRo TWRNu - l YWL,

TYkRo GV pLs VY? Ju\u \l] YWL,
TiVu TNV TZds CkR] VY?
TZV hj RU Au]m YX] GqY Yid
LiPs?
"LPUkRu CY]@ - CPghL,

III. S]:
1,

"U\lT mSu@ - Gu V Au]jPm YXu V

GfWL[ CT YLu L GL,

IV. CXdLQdl YWL:

GuULu

RmLi

CZkR TiVuT

-TWRNu
77

78

Ao

V. jl Qof GL:
jRm
]V[

LiPVo
NjRm

TiQW
Ei

VI.TTR ElXdLQm RL:

LhPs

CZkR

Ao

ZeV

VII.Uj\u Y[oTt:
TYkRo TWRNu RQofl TPpL[l TL, "Rdm
ARu To@ Gum "NeL Ze@ Gum Jdm CNlTPpL[d
LhloLs, "EW. EQoY Y[olT RZ@ Gum "Ru
kRV GRjRWU@ Gum "RZ Vo dL; S]o m@ Gum
"Es[ RhPp Ep Cdm RsRr@ Gum
CumTXY\Lm [em LRLp DTLsL, AYoRm
NRV UUXofd LjLs LR YX Ym lQofl
TWlWL[m, AYt\ Ful TL,

VIII.S\r Tt:
XLW. [LW ZLW YTLs. ]LW QLW YTLs XeU
TRp Yim, JLs J Uu NpYeLs, NpYjRf RlT
Su\! rd Lm TPpLu JfY RuU Tjl TZL,
Z V GuTRm UdLs
UZXf Nt L[ RYo,
LZ AdLp Tss YjRt\p; Nu\o
ZAjh TR Lp,
]jQ Su Nm T]jQVd
LsYo TVuRYo,

-d\s
""TVXk RkR TeLp YiUZ
AL mp YX LtT,
Rt Lu U\r Gjt
LUPp ArkR EdLs TeX@@
""AqRr ArTRe LUZl TRk@@
""Ys Ys e\l TQjRs@@
""Y\ YkR UX Ue@@
""RYnd Lu]p Rio EiQo@@

-SSpYP
79

80

5, tXdVeLs
WTkRm Gu\ YPNpd Su LhPlThP GuT T[m,
TeLlVeLu ElTL AUkkR . \m RX] TXm
tLXjR RjR CXdV YLL[L ElTt\], AqYLp
EY] CXdV YLLs tLXjp tXdVeLs G] YZeLX],
ThVp pLs tXdVeLu CXdLQjR [dd
u\], ThVp pLs YfNQkUX lhf NpXd
V Xm, WUYo CVtV NWLWp WTkRm Rit\
G]d AYtu TVoL[m lhs[o, LY. EX. .
LXmTLm. s[jRr. \Yg. AkR RVY tXdVeLs
\lT]YL[Ld LRlTu\],
C\Yu. Uu]u. UdLs \kRo RX]u \lL[
Gjd m SdXV tXdVeLs GRlTts[],
LXkRm RrjRn l AL[l ]k Ykd\s
GuTRtf NuL[nf tXdVeLs Lru\],

A, CWNWN NZX
EX GuT tXdV YLLs Ju, ThPj RXYu EX
YRXf \ljl TR-u ClTVo Tt\, EX GuTRtl
TYYWp GuT Ts, RXYu p EXYW. AY]l TR.
TmT. UeL. UPkR. AY. RY. T[mTi Gum
HYLl TY ULm Li LRp LsYRd Y EX Gum
tXdVm Bm, C L-YiTYp CVt\lTm, CqXdVm
EXl\m G]m YZeLlTm,
ThPjRXYu \l. WPp. JlT] NnRp. TYWeLs P
Zj Ru Fop H EX YWp BVYt\ EXu uX G]m
EXYm RXY]d Li LRp LiP H TY ULo
RjRVLd Y] EXu uX G]m Yo,
H TYl TiLu YV \Vl u YU Yo, TR
5-7. TmT 8-11. UeL 12-13. UPkR 14-19. AY 20-25. RY
26-32 T[m Ti 33-40.
Cel TPUL CPm TY CWNWNNZu EX, CWNWN
NZXYl TVYo JhPdjRo, LfNdLWYoj. LWhNNu
Gu\pXm LZlTm JhPdjRo dWUNZu. CWiPm
79

80

XjeLu. CWiPm CWNWNu BV u Uu]oLu AYm

NpYdL [eVYo, AmYWl Ttm AYo TV u
EXdLm YX G]lT\, RdLVLlTW. XjeLu s[j
Rr RV] CYo CVtV Y pLs Bm, jRo GuTR CYo
CVtTVo, JhPm (TkRVm) YjlTYp YpXYo BRXp CYo
JhPdjRo G]lThPo, CYW LXm TuWiPm t\i Bm,

-Ym

YL XdLd L[ jRY
YLt LiP To - R

11

YWl UXr YWY WeLi

TWl UYeL To - WdLu

12

Pm TWUPeL Ye VWiP
Pm Te PTo -Pt

13

TmTU [qYk uTRl u

Ym TUs YkR]u To

14

ULm NX UXV UiPTm

L UmUek RWQm - N[Wm

Rt UP UPWeg Nnum
tV TeLk Ru\U - Tt

UVe Ut Qe YQe
EVe VYod LYo - RVeZo

1,

2, Rt = iQ; BPp AWeLm = jl TPm; TeLm =

TdLjs[ CPeLm; Ru\U = AqPeLp Ru\RT,

ZeLu t

RtL VWi Li NRL

LtL Nt\ XLo - tL
YhP ULR YY YY
hP dLt\ tLo - Yhf

hP Ldf NQ YZ
YhP YsLQ Yo - JV

UVk YpXt Y]k em

TVkR Lt\Ys To - EVo

CPliP Tg Yg hP
LPlT WNe Lo - LlTj

- JhPdjRo
AgNtTs
L = Xt\m (ULu UXs[ Y);
RWQm=UX R-VYt\p Lh AZjY; N[Wm = TXL

3, Qe = Se; EVe = U]m Yk; U = R; NZUu]u

EXlTkR]L ULo AR]d LRt ULm BPWem
UiPTm N[Wm Nnum RV GpX CPeLm rk
]o GuL,
4, RtL KWi = RuPV p ]Ls CWiPm; (Ru
Gu\ pX); L = Y[j; NRL = L (CkWu
LpUZ TnR TX); LtL = LV] LtLs; uL = u]
Y[j,
5, ULR = LPp; HY= NjR; YhP = Am GnR
(CWUYRWjp); Yh = UXV Yh, CXeLdf N AQ
LhP YQu Y PRT ]k CWUu Am GnRm YQu
YQe Y hPm NZu Up Htf NpXlThP,

RWLiP Yt\WNo RgNul Tud

LWLiP To WNe Lo - NWRl

6, hPL = j Ys[lTdPu YkR L; NQ =

NZS; NZS YZ Ld YhP Ys Gu CVdL,
LLtNZPV Yt CmUu]df NpXlThP,

TjW NVl TPlTW WUu

LjR YPLe Lo - RjXp

10

7, UVk - NkW] ; YpXt\ Yu = YV CV EPV

ULm; emT = Y]jp XLiPXkR FoLs, AR]
J NZu Yt LiPu, AR]p eLXkR Rj

81

82

RhNmVu G]lThPu,
NpXlThP, EVo = NWo,

AqYt

CmUu]df

8, CPliP = TVodLlThP; Tg Ygp = TV UXPV

Yg Gum Rm Fp; LPlT WNm = LPmT UWjRp NnVlThP
TZV WNm; CUVYWmTu SgNWXRu LP-t Nu
LPtLs[ Nn RpX LjR TLYW LYp UWUV LPmT
UWjR Yhf NnR WNm C; LlT = CYu LjRXp,
9, RWLiP = (CYu LjRXp) Rm ShP im Ttd
LiP (Ut\WNo) Rm Nu = Rm RXVp; Tud LW LiP
= Ld Ui Uk LW Lh]o (AqY YtVd LiP
NZu) NZPm Rt\ AWNo Rm RX Ui Uk Ldd
LW Lh]o GuT Lj;
10, NWRm = YnU; TjWm = nU; NWR TjW NVl TP =
EiUm nUm EPV YtVj Rm UYV BRlTP;
LjR APLm = hV PjR; RjXp = RjR EXp
Gu\Ru LWm; AWNPV LUVp EXLm RjR GuT
Lj,
11, YLp = CTjR RX\; GdLdL[m = GqY[
TV AWNoL[m; TWWUo Rm Yu\ SL[m AkSh AWNo
L[m LTdd LdL AYo TWmTWp YkR NZd
AY EUV], TWWUo CTjR RX\ AWNoL[
Yu\Yo, AY = SLs,
12, YWl UX = GpXVV UUX; Rf rYW =
Rf t YRt; BWeLi TWlU YeL Gu\
CkW]V -dLV; -V]d Lp CkW] YjRYoLs
NZoLs; u WdL = XTtd LdL,
13, F AmTWm APeL = CPV Es[ BLVm APemTVL; A[Y
(BLVm YW) NpX AiPPm = AiPeLs; Tm =
Jjdm; Pp = LlmTh]m,
14, TUs = AWNo; AWNWj Up G]f NpY UW, "P
Uu]Wd Lp UXd LiP]@ GuTo - G]Y TUs
GuT NZ Uu]]d jR GuL, (A]YWm BsTYWV);
CWNWNNZu; t\WNo = uTLl u YYu; CeLPp = TV
LPp, EX YkR AWN]d LRtf rkR TiLs RUds[
pXl TeLs. Ys TeLs. WNm TeLs. TeLs.
L TeLs Gu BWYWm AZ]d LiL,

83

CXdLQm
1, Ym ULm - GimU; GmUem - tmU
2, UPm BPWem - GimU; Nnu. BPWe ]jRLLs; tV TeLo = TVWfNm,
3, UVe. Qe YQe. EVe - ]VfNeLs,
4, Nt\ X - TVWfNm; Lo - HYp ]t,
6, NQ - NZS GuTRu UE U; hPYs - TVWfNm,
7, UVk. Y]k - CWiPm YtUjRLLs;
em T - Nnm Gum YnThl TVWfNm,
8, Tg. WNm - TijRLLs
9, To WNm - HZm YtU Em TVm EPu RdL
RL; RW = BTVo (B[lTm Sht BYkR)
10, TPl TWWUu - CWiPm YtU Em TVm EPu
RdL RL,
11, Te P. Ym TUs - Nnm Gum YnThl
TVWfNeLs,
12, KeVo - JTh TuU,
13, EVWiPm - ]j RL,

B, YeLPjRkR
tXdV YLLs Ju AkRVm, AkRm Gu\ Npd
C Gum B Gu\ Npd Rp Gum Ts, JqY
TPm Es[ C GjR. ANV. W. AV ARt Aj
Ym TP-u RXL YmT AUjl TY AkR G]lTm,
CR]f Nt\PoX Gu YZeYm Ei,
YeLPjp Lp Lidm U-u A[ Yil
TPlTt\ AkR p, BRXp CR]j YeLPj AkR Gu
Yo,
CkXlTVYo s[lTUs IVeLo BYo, 17 Bm
t\ip RuV CYo AZV UQY[RNo G]m AZdLlThPo,
RnYdLOo Gu TsTm "qVL@ Gu\ TVWm CYW
AZjR]o, CYo CVtV Gh pLu RV AxPWTkRm G]d
Yo, ""AxPWTkRm Lt\Yu AWl TiRu@@ Gum TZU
CkpLu EVoYl XlTjm, CYoRm TPpLs NpSdm
TsSdm RP Sdm SPSdm Li Jou\], ,,
84

1623 Rp 1659 YW UWV BiP UX SVdL Uu]u AYp

Ko AYXWn AUok YrdL SPj YkR CYo u]o C\j Rip
RmU DTjd LiPo,

YeLPj RkR
TR Yl

Ye LPj XTt u\]; t\u]Vp

RYe LPjj RWU ]PkR]; Rr\lu
EYe LPjd [jR kR]; t\ZdL
YYe LPjm VgNXu \] Up LZX,
1

3, AeLm Bm LPm = EPXV L; AV = AQVR; U [d

= O] [d. e AP = \j VW AdL; LPUp = UR]p
UVdLPV; IWYRm = CkW] V]; Cu VR = CRPf
\kRR?
AeLUm LPm BXVm Bd. AV U[d Ht. YeLP UX
YjRm; e AP AYu NYdL LUX ]kRm; Vm
LPUp IWYRm H CdU Cu VR? G] CVjd LtL,
4, Cd BWQm = Cd YRm; GlTs = GpXl TsLu;
LdLWQm = EtTjd LWQm; LgNm = RUW UXo; Bo TkV;
AQe = ULs; UdLo AQm Tp = UQm ULm
Tkm NX; UVYu = Up,

UX Udg DNm TRm YNYm

X Udm Ym RYm SdVk
LX UdsYj Rjm UX. LmUXVp
YX Udm TUu E\ YeLPU,
2
YeLP UX AV U[d LtVeLm
BeLP UXV Ud Yj RUYu NYdL
eLP UXd L]k Rm; Ct VR
VeLP UX WYR U dUR,

CdL WQgNp UlT uT UlThm

LdL WQSt \St \kRe LgNf NpYl
TdL WQeu \XY Ul TkRnYm
UdL WQm TpYP YeLP UVY],
4
s[l TUs IVeLo
AgNtTs
1,

LPjm = (L_kWu Gum) URV]; Et (RXVp)

uTUPk; t\u] = LL; RYm LPj = UWeLs Yu\
Lhp; EYeLs = EYjRPV GeLs; Rjd = BTjR
JlTRt; LZp = Y,
2, T = Fo; (Up E\m jRXm); UXU = UX SWjp
Rum \UVj RjR; g = RXUo; TRu = WUu;
YNYu = CkWu; X Udm = NjWeL[ BWm; Ak =
UX; Uds = Ap; Hjm = dm; LmUXVp =
LL[V UXL[p; YX = LPp (Ce; TtLPp) Udm =
LPm
85

CXdLQm
1,

t\u] - TijRL; Rr\l - ]jRL; Up LZp B\m YtUjRL; LZp - (Yd B YkR)
RVTVo,

2, UXU - HZm YtU Em TVm EPu RdL RL;

Udg - CWiPm YtU Em TVm EPu RdL RL;
DNm TRm - GimU; Ak LX - EmUj RL;
LmUX - EYLm; Udm - Ujdm GuTRu CPd\; E\
YeLPm - ]jRL,
3, U[d - EYLm; AV U[d - DLhP GoU\l
TVWfNm; NY - TijRL; ]kRm - RuUl TuU
]t; L ]kRm - CWiPm YtUjRL,
4, Cd BWQm - CTVWhl TijRL; St\n TijRL; YeLP UVYu - HZm YtU Em TVm EPu
RdL RL; TkRnYm - Tij RL, CkSu TPpLm
T CPm Tts[,

C,UWd LXmTLm
TXYL YiQm UQm \kR UXoL[j Rjd LhV
UXVd LRmTm GuTo, ATXl TXYL Elm TXYLl Tm
T]eLm TXYLl Tm LXk NnVlTm tXdV
YLVd LXmTLm Gu\ TVWp YZe]o, LRmTm GuT LXmTLm Gu
kRRLd LYo PdPo E,Y,N,
LXm - TuWi. TLm - Ap T(B); T]h ElLs
EPVRLl TPlTY, LXmTLm, VYl. AmU]. \m. U\m.
LtVo R-V] Al T]h ElLs Bm, Rp RuV
Rp LXmTLm Skd LXmTLm GuTo,
86

UWd LXmTLm UW USLt Lp Lis[ As

AeLVtLi EP]V NdLSRl TU]l ThPj RXYWLd
Li TPlThP p, CkXl TVYo T]Zm t\ip YrkR
UWTWo BYo, \kR Rp IkRi YW TNR ZkRVn
Ck u]o fNko Ll TUu Y[p Tk\u
Tt\Yo UWTWo, AYo CVtV ]hVmU s[j Rr. s[j
Rr CXdV YLp Lf \kR Ju GuTo, LkRo L YiT. Ld
LXmTLm. jd UWN s[j Rr. NLXLXYp UX. S
[dLm R-V] CYo CVtV Y X pLs Bm, UWTWu
NnhLu Rf\l AYtu Cu]N Bm, Rr CYd
CkR Au A[PtLV, CYo RZm RnYjRm CLiL[Ld
Li YrkR \VYo,

UL *
HUYt TuL XVYt TuUX
VNXj Ru \Yo
LULh LuToU WNof NeLmY[o
P t Nu Lo
RUWd Li UX]f NkRU
NW-t g pLs
UUl gW Rot go
YnUj iP YR,
-UWTWo
AgNtTs
HUYt = UUX; HUm = Tu; UWfNdLNo UXVNXm
HUYtTm LXV YtTm Tu\Ru Ap GkRlTo;
UXVNXm = Tp UX; LULh AuTo = AWVV RPRLl
Whdd LQYo; NkRU NWp = NkR] UWeLs dL UXfNWp;
Ulg = \ X, TYL : God LSX BV jRm,
ClTPp RX t\L CPmTts[,
NkRm: R]]j RkRR] R]]j RkRR]
R]]j RkR R]]
CXdVm tXdV YLLp LlLrTt\ Ju, Ru
mm RXYdj RX lTRL AUjdLi. TNR
TsL[l TY TX Gs[ pLs A]j ULm
LQdPdu\], YPUdLOo LRNu GV UL NkRNm
EXLl Lr Tt\Rm, ClTPm p Bm,
87

CXdLQm
LXV Yt - CTVWhl TijRL; ANXm - LWQlTVo;
fNeLm - Tij RL; gp. CW Ro p. Y[oPp ]j RLLs; Ulg - B\m YtUj RL; UU EfNp RPo; CWRo - CWiPm YtUj RL,

D, dPt Ts
"Ts@ GuT Ts[U] SuNn XeL[m Aef NnVlTm
EZ]m dm, BLY Ts EZYu Thdl TVWL YkR,
Ts tXdV YLLs Ju,
""N UVt Nqt [k
RoRp YiP jR Rut
X]] UT XQok RW@@
GuT RpLlVm, RpLlVo lm Gh YLlp Ju\]
Xu Gum CXdV YL "Ts YL@ CXdVjtl Tkm GuTo,
SpY-df YPZdp RiTS. t\.
LRiPWU B BV u BLm LXdm CPjt YPdL Es[
to dPp, Aes[ C\Y]V AZLo TPlThP dPt
Ts Bm,
NY YQYeL[ JeQdm CXhVe LiP XL
dPt Ts R\,
EZYoLu YrdL LrfL[f Y T\f Npm tXdVm
Ts, jRTs. C[VTs mTu YWY AYu TU \p.
ShY[u. LhPp. UZ Yi YTPp. UZdVoRp. Btp
o YW RX] TX ElL[l Tt\ Ts CXdVUm, km
jRU TWYW C TPl Tm, CkX CVtVYo Cu]o G]
AVlTPpX, Ckp RuV LXjRl T]Zm t\i GuTo,

RuLW Sh Y[m
LVd LiP V Lk;
LXeLd LiP YiRod LiPm,
UVd LiP SL YWm;
ULd LiP Yu Ys[m,
88

III. CXdLQd l YWL,

NVd LiP LndXf NkSp;

RlTd LiP RTRo Es[m,
RVd LiP EWjm NkR]m;
YX UeLj RuLW SP,

Nnu
ToWNm
Rr\l
NY

AgNtTs

Yp Lm; Y LV, Ro LXem; UdLs U]eLXeLo, SL

YWm Um. UdLs TVp UVo, U KY Ys[m; UdLs U
YPo, RX Nnj tT NkSp; UdLs RX Vo RTRo
RjlTo; LQYu U]Vo RjWo, RnY NkR]U. Au
Nnp Ts Rn CW Gu Ts LsL,

LtL
[dLt

YiRo - TijRL; LV. UV - TVWfNeLs; SL YWm

- EmUj RL; EWjm NkR]m - Nnm Gum YnThl
TVWfNm; RTRo Es[m - B\m YtUj RL; NkSp TijRL; Ys[m - ]jRL,

Lo
SPkR]
Sd
1,
2,

3,

4,

I. ]:

5,
6

GRtl

II. T]:

3,
4,
5,

s[l TUs IVeLo Ttd lTL,

CWNWN NZu p. Ys. W. L. P jd
\lThP] VY?
TUs E\ YeLPlT jl s[lTUs
IVeLo Y] VY?
RX ULjPm UkR ULs VY?
RuLW Shu Y[m j dPtTs EWlT]Yt\
GL,
89

UVk
NY

Tg
TkRnYm

RgNu
RuLW

EWjm
u\]

]kRm
Lo

LiP
AZdL

VI.P RoL

Tt

1,
2,

tV TeLo
UXU
YeLPUVYu

V. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

CXdLQm

"EX@ GuTRu T[ [dL,

JhPdjRo - TVodLWQm RL,
"AkR@ -[dL,
UpLZu \lTLj qVL Y] VY?
LXmTLm - TVodLWQm RL,
dPp m BLs VY?
"Ts@ RpLlVo m GhYL Y]lLs
Tkm?

YmTUs
Lo
LmUX
U[d

IV. jl Qof RL:

RodLiPm = Rod LhLs; URp = ZRp; Yu Ys[m

= ALU] jRPu KYm TYs[m,

1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,

Tg
NQ
AkLX
AV

7)

Lf NdLWYoj. LWhNNu Gu\pXm LZlTTYo

A) LmTo
B) JhPdjRo
C) C[eLYLs
"qVL@ Gu\ TVWp AZdLlTTYo
A) s[l TUs IVeLo B) JhPdjRo
C) UWTWo
Rp RuV Rp LXmTLm
A) UWd LXmTLm
B) Skd LXmTLm
C) Ld LXmTLm
"Xu@ Gum Gum CXdV YL
A) LXmTLm
B) Ts
C) EX
T]h ElL[p TPlTm tXdVm
A) LXmTLm
B) EX
C)Ts
"WTkRm@ Gum YPNp EQojm Ts
A) SLfY p
B) Su LhPlThP
C) AW p
dPt TsdV TYL
A) klT
B) BVlT

C) YglT

VII.TjL
p
CWNWNNZX
YeLPjRkR UWd LXmTLm
dPt Ts
-

BVo
s[lTUs IVeLo
UWTWo
BVo TVo RVpX
JhPdjRo
LWdLXmUVo
90

VI Uj\u Y[oTt:
1,
2,
3,

XLm Nu LmTWUVQm EshP LlVeLp

ShY[m GqY \lThs[ Gu Ak CuL,
ShY[l TPpLs XYt\j RdL,
RXdV YNdLi YX tXdV pL[f
Y Rok UrL,
TZV LX R-V kRV]
TVoL[PV pLs XYt\ m BVo Xm AL,

IX. Ak LsL,
WUYo m 96 YLf tXdVeLs
33 YtdLWkR UgN 65 RNeLlTj
NRLm
66 RNeLj RVp
34 TodL Yg
s[jRr
67 AWNu jRm
35
YWXt
Yg
TW
68 SV]lTj
36 NdL[ Yg
LXmTLm
69 TVRWl Tj
ALlTs LY 37 Lg UX
70 TR LNm
IkQf Nns 38 Sf UX
71 LN TRm
39
EOUX
YdLd LY
72 AXeLWl TgNLm
40 mT UX
mUdLY
73 Ld[
41 YLUX
AeLUX
74 UeLX Ys[
42 YRWQUgN
AhP UeLXm
75
43 GiNns
AWLUX
76 StT
44
RLXf
Nns
CWhPU UX
77 ZULu
45 J-Vp AkR
CQUUX
78 RiPLm
46 Tt\kR
SYU UX
79 TLm
47 t\kR
SuU UX
80 NRLm
48
EX
SUUX
81 NVE
49 EXUPp
TXNkR UX
82 Y\ Yrj
50 Y[UPp
LXmTLUX
83 \X Yrj
51 JT JT*
UUX
84 TYdLRp
52 CT CT*
Lrf UX
85 \jlTh
53
BtlTP
TUrfUX
86 EZjlTh
54 LiTP X
YjRUX
87 FNp
55 XP X
Unoj UX
88 GtdL
56 TVuN
LlUX
89 LL YiT
57
FuN
YpUX
90 u]l
58 TVo SN
YNkR UX
91 jR XdLQm
59 Fo SN
RWL UX
92 Lg
60 Fo YiT
EtTY UX
93 CVuU Yrj
61
[dL
X
R]UX
62
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94 TUeLXm
mUUX
63 LPX
95 TeLlVm
RiPL UX
64 LVX
WYhUX
96 LlVm
NWLWs WUYo lm 96 YLf tXdVeLs CY,
CYts \lTPR XYt\ CXdLQ pLs lu\],

1
2,
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32

91

92

6, UUXoflTPpLs
TZUV BWnf Cu Htd LsYm UV Htd Ls[j
RVeYm SmPV Tk Pdm TiTm, UWu LV]
AjRj-k SmUp Gp TPVUV CRtL]
LWQUm, UWu TVWp LXjt JqYR UlL[m
SmRPok Ttd LiP Ykd\m, CjRLV TdL[
SmCXdVeLm Li\m, B]p LXjtLtT CXdVju
R] ToYm Tdm Ud LiP Ykdu\],AeM]m U
YYR SmUp \kRs[ CVX,

""TZU TZU Vu
TY] TN Xul
TZUkR X - V
TUWo HRYo,@@
Gu TV TWk CXdV UUXof RPe\ G]Xm,
UUXofl TYXoLs LijR]UL UWTj Rif
NpTYoLUpXo, AlTV TZUp AkTYoLm ApXo, AYoLs
ToY ; T Tm ; SP ; CXdV ShPm
EjLm V], AYoRm CXdVeLp NqVp UWLs \lTYm
NL AYXeL[j RlTm Lm, UPmTm SV
UUXofl TPpLu Eo S G]Xm,

A) UXdLX YQ]
ClTPp TWVu TgN NTRjp Es[, UVf d
U]mCQeV TiPYoLs. Aj]dl TVQm \lT\oLs,
TVQjPV UXdLXjp KPjp Re\oLs, AlT
AkY]ju AZdLhL[ GpXm Aof]u TgNPm
\u, Aof]u m AkY] YQ]u J TV SUdl
TPUL Yks[,

NWLWs WUYo lm 96 YLf tXdVeLs CY,

CYts \lTPR XYt\ CXdLQ pLs lu\],
91

92

To; Pol TVf ZY TPop;

GjR] lTh PY]? KL!
Gu]! CkR Yu]j VpLs
GjR] YYm! GjR] LXY!
u ZmLs! NmTu Lnf
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GjR] NmU! TUe LUm
GjR]! LV TmTm Rm!
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LgL WeLs! LQ. Be
ReLj eLXm RmTX Rdm
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JjWs! JjWs! Yu]d L[gVm!
- , lWUV TWVo
(Y]jRd LPXLm ULd hPeL[ WPVLm. ReLj
L[Lm. TnLVLm. RVLm. eLXeL[Lm
EYjd m AZ] Ak UrL!)

tl:
YPUp. VNo CVtV ULTWRd LRp Ym TgN.
VR]u NTp NnR WV UVULd Li. TWVo
CdeLVjRl TPjs[o, "TgN Sm TWRjRn; VR]d
hPm Sm ShP AUlTjkR Ys[Vo; TiPYoLs
Au\Vl TWR UdLs@ Gu. TlTYo GiU TgNNTRm
TPlTts[,

CYt]PV LVUu RtLXjX Nn RYu. SU

RnUdl jo RY]u\u, KWi Y`j
tTZdLs[ RrUdLs GpXdm SuTs [emT
GYPu LVjds[ SVeLs \TPUm SPjRp Yim,
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TgN NTRjt Gs[ LW kR]dV \kR TVm,

BVo l:
ClTPXl TVYo
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1882 Bm Bi. NmToj eLs 11 Bm Ss jd UYhPj
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C[Ul TVo lWUVu, C[UXV Tl]m Bt\p
TtkRUVp. LXULs Gum Ts Rm "TW@ Gum \ll
TVo Tt\o,
"Rr Shp RrlXYu JYu CpXVm YN eL@ Yk
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NnRYo, TiRoLu LWWP] SPp Red PkR RZl
TXm TjRm YLp. GV. CV TdL[L Yj EXYhPYo
TWVo,
CYo "RYpXm Rr ZdLm NdLf Nno@ G]m "RUWj
RZN EXLUpXm TWm YL NnRp Yim@ G]m RrU
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BuL RX. TiRX. NRV RX. RX]
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BYo,

TWVu TgNNTRm. AZlf NdLm. RhPf NdLm.

AUf NdLm. RtNdLm. NTRf NdLm BV Ik NdLeL[d
Lis[,

CTRm t\iu CXdV UUXofd jhP CYo,

LiQuTh. TgN NTRm. pTh Gum lTm TPpL[m.
ShlTtm. UlTtm NRVf ojR EQom Fhu\
tdLQdL] TPpL[m TVR AUV O]WRm. RW
RX] EWSP CXdVeL[m TPjj RZu]d
Y[gNojRYo BYo,

TPlT. AZlf NdLjp Es[, ""GVTReLs. GVSP.

Gp Ak Ls[d V NkRm. T _]eLs mm Uh.

Rr. BeXm. NUdRm. Ck. YeL[m. Wg AW RX]

TXULp XU TtkR CkR UdL ""VUkR ULX

93

94

RrUTp CRY Ree LQm@@ G]l Tj RrUu

TUV EXLVf NnRYo, "Npp EVo Rrf NpX ARjR TjP TlT@ G]l TlTdd YTp TXdm
j RrlTt\ Y[ojR UTe LOWYo,

AgNtTs
T = Vu; Yu]m = AZ; p = ULm; TnL = (UPWp
BdLlTPR) oX; (Ce ULm) ChLPp = XdLPp (Ce Y]m)
L[gVm = Rl,

CXdLQm
TPop - ]jRL; NmTu. TmRm. LgLWm TijRLLs. ReLj. ReLjR. TtLW. ReLj eLXm EYLeLs; PW - ]jRL,

Tt
I. ]:
1, TWVo Ttf l GL,
2, TgN NTRm Ttf l GL,
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1, TWVo Lhm AkY] YQ]Vj Rj YWL,

NmTu

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o LiP LPpLh. UXdLh Tu\Yt\ Yj JTdL
A[p LhW YWL,

95

ClTPp. "TWRNu LRj R Ju@ Gum p CPm

Tts[, jRLNX GuT pXVm Gu YZdp YZeLlT\,
jRLNX Gum RXlp AUks[ TPpLs CWi TPpLs
Cel TPUL YdLlTts[],

BVo l:
ClTPXl TVYo.
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96

G]f NRV EQom dLZlTV WhdLOo TYkRo TW RN]o

BYo,
TWRN]o 29-4-1891 Cp Yp \kRo, CYo Tt\o
L]LNT; CXd AmUs, CYPV CVtTVo. L]L lWj]m,
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CYo. mT [d. CiP . RVdLm. TiVu T.
CNV. AZu l. LiQ Whd LlVm. WkRVo
(SPLp) RX] Ridm UX] pL[ CVts[o,
S. U. C]m. NRVf ojRm. CVtL RX]Yt\l T
T[Ld Li CYVtV pLs C\Y CuTdL[gVeLs,
NkRZf Nk RZLd LQ AYLd LiP CYo. Gu]kRr
ShuLi GpXe Lp LtL Yim G] ZkRo,
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SPm Yim,@
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NXu AUTUL[m RY]m EQojm ClTPpLs
Ce YdLlTts[],

AgNtTs
U]TYm = E[lTe; RUR RjYm = Ru]Xm TRp;
NLUdLs = EPu Ym UdLs; Ju = K]m; CXY = [eY;
Y = p; YfNX = XLm; NoYLX NX = TpLXdLZLm,
*TYL : GiodLSX BV jRm,

CXdLQm
GXm - GpXm GuTRu RjRp LWm; AuS CTVWhl TijRL; C - AdjRPo; EVo GiQm
- ]jRL; YfNX - CWiPm YtU Em TVm
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97

Tt
I. ]:
1,
2,
3,

TYkRu \l. Tt\o Ttd l GL,

TYkRu pLs Suu TVo GL,
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II. T]:
1,

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III. S]:
1,

jRLNX Gum RXlp TYkRo Rm LjL[j

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IV CXdLQd l YWL:
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VI P RoL:
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2, NjV ALRl T Tt\ p

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B) TiVu T

C) mT[d

3, TWRNu YhP CRr

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B) p

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4, ""Yrt NmUVf NnTYu V@@ Gu\ TPXj RZ

YrjRL Htd Lis[ AW
A) RrSh AW B) Y AW
C) Wg AW

VII.Uj\u Y[oTt
1,
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H. KX. Y. d. TYp. jRLm
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TiPWm. NWY TiPWm. jRL TiPWm. HPLm. YfNX.
YVLm. XLm. p XVm,

98

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hRo. Sg. Ls
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Jt\lThP = Jt\VlTR; YnVu = LWYu; WV =
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LWVu; Ne = YhPt,

CXdLQm

hRo - CWiPm YtU Em TVm EPu RdL RL;

EVoUWm - ]jRL; YnVu eLs = EmUj RL; oUWm
- ]jRL; LslRo - B\m YtUj RL

Tt
I. ]:
1,

LOW YRNu Ttf l YWL,

II. S]:
1, L Gu\ RXlu rd LOW YRNu EWlT]Yt\
GL,

- LOW YRNu,
"TWRNu TWmTW@ Gu\ZdLlTm. TYXo RX\p YTYo
LOW YRNu, YVVjR p-Vp 22-7-1915 Cp
AWeL dL - [VmUs CQVod ULYLl \kRo, CYodl
Tt\o ChP TVo AWeLN Gu\ GjWN GuTRm,

III. CXdLQdl YWL:

hRo

Ljl

oUWm

IV. jlQof RL:

u]Wi

Ljl

YWL

CYo. TYkRo TWRNPm RPdLd Lp Tu\Yo, AjRPdLd

LpV Tl]m RQotm RPdLUt, CYoRm TPpLs.
99

YnVueLs

100

UWlThP

AYt

D) dL]m
EWSPu dL]kRu LR; Kem
EQofLu dL]kRu APdLm; LRp
YWYtu dL]kRu Tiu SQm;
ULu dL]kRu N Vm;
EULu dL]kRu NhP hPm;
EQLu dL]kRu TePm;
AWV-u dL]kRu CWiP Lh;
ATYju dL]kRu pLs,

1*

TWm LZm Yr YRtl

TWY Qm; SUp Xm
Wm \lTm YrY Rtf
dL]U Qm; TLh YrdL
W Tu\Ym; dL ]kRu
t\l Tu\Ym; dL]jR
YW TVojRk YU t
d d ARYoLs TXT i,

RW[ U]lTuU Gu Np j
RioTp TQjRVXm NX NnRp
WR YUd jRm; Yrp
dL]kRu JYdf \kR NjRm;
WLf NhPL JqYo Sm
dL]Unl TVoTp Yrk YkRp
TWeLp p m UZo TXl
TfNu uTUXm Rl Tm
3
-EYUd LOo WR
T\eLp XuT GL Sdl TWeLp G] Yks[,
ClTPpLs GhPm EXLjRr USh UXp CPm Tts[],

BVo l:
ClTPpL[ CVtVYo EYUd LOo WR,
101

""jdm RX
j jRnl TPp NnRYo - YsYo
Ru TX jdm RX,,,,,,,,@@
Gu RPem CNl TUXVj YsYdf hVYo,
""]f NtLs YtUV HtTpX
Ym ThPj Rrf NeLm NolTpX@@
G]m UQUdL[ YrjmT.
""CWhPd [ Tp CQkR YeLs
kRp TpX@@,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
G]m T. EYU UWp UL[f NojRYo,
""TmTpXm VV TR ULl
TVuTjd Lsu\ LWQjRp
Tmdl TRm G]lT hPo
TRm GuTRV SUpXm
TmTu u\m,@@
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AmdLp Guu\m@@
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CqY\pXm T. TdLX TX NpXnLd jhPYo,
TYkRo TWRN]u RXUQdLWV CYo. Yo
UYhPj Uu]odl TdLjs[ TZVp \kRYo, CYo
CVtTVo CWN LTXu, TYkRu LiP AuTp Rm TVWf
lWj]RNu G] UtdLi AR]m d. "WR@ G]l ]k
LiPo,
CYo "RuUZ@. "\Lm@. "Ym iQmm@. "WRu
LRLs@ RX] LR pL[l TPjs[o, tdLQdL]
RlTPpL[m W CNlTPpL[m Ts[o,
CYo. RZL CV-N SPLUu\m YZem LXUUlThPm
Tt\Yo, CYPV "RuUZ@ p RZL AWu Rr Y[ofj\l
TNl Tts[,
Ym TYXWV WR. RZLjp EXm Tu]kRZl
TYXoLdjRXUl TYXo; YLh, RZL AW YZeV TYkRo
]l T]l Tt\ RtTYXo CYW,

AgNtTs
TLh YrdL = BPmTWU] YrdL; Nh = dL]m
(RdLt\ NX) TYL : Giod LSX BV jRm,
102

CXdLQm
NhPhPm - EmUj RL; p - CWiPm YtU Em
TVm EPu RdL RL; t - B\m YtUj RL; d
d - AdjRPo; WR - GoU\l TVWfNm

Tt
I. ]:
1,
2,
3,

LOo WR Ttf l YWL,

WR Gum ]TVo GqY YkR?
uTm GqY RlTm?

II. T]:
1,
2,
3,

EYUd LOo WR GqYYt\f dL]m G]l

Thhs[o?
dL]jRp Ym TVuLs VY?
WR ""Ko EYUd LOo@@ GuTR ClTPpLk Nu
Lh [dL,

III. S]:
1,

dL]m Gum RXlp LOo WR Y]Yt\j Rj

GL,

IV. CXdLQd l RL:

TWm LZm

TW

dd

WR

E) UR SVm
kjRu! kjRu! EXL UdLs
kRX JpX! TXW CeL
Nkdm TRpXm Chd s[
RXk tTX Urf GuTo!
ku\ EQoLm u. Sm
uSPdL YLh GYm Cu
NkX tu\o! FdLm Fh
NVL YSPjRp LPU GuTu!
RuRh Yu\ AUl j
RXVhm! Bhu\ LU Uhm
u hPp Bu\ U em!
SlTQkRp LlT[eLs CpX GuTu
LuWp LhPT TX Ut\o
LRYRd LhPPu Au NnRp
YuYm URXm! Lp u\
YtUVj RLojRm UR SVm!
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V. jlQof RL:
NVm

TW

YUt

WL

VI. AVf hL:

ClTPpLs. CdLOu. ""SpX EXLm S[ UXm@@ Gum

LRj Rl p Es[],

BVo l:

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TfNu uTUpXm Rl Tm@

VII.Uj\u Y[oTt:
Riof dL]m. uNWf dL]m. GTs dL]m BVYt\
Ytjm [mTWj RPoLs. LRLs Gl TZL,

LOo BXko L, UL]WeLu 1-6-1942 Cp Nu]V AjR

BXkp \kRYo, CYo Tt\o U,LTp; L, ]mTs,
Ym LOW] CYo. GiQt\ CNl TPpL[m LR
SPLeL[m TPjs[o, CYPV ""CUVm GeLs LXp@@ Gum
LRj Rlp RZL AWu T]l Tts[, Y].
RXdLh. TYWeLUP CYts HRm Ju\s CYo Rr
Jjd LiP Cdm,

AgNtTs
kR = Es[m; u = \k; Nk = RdLs Pm;
103

104

F) YXL[pX YsL[!

Bhu\ = AUlTju\; Bu\ = AUlTu\; U =

C;

CXdLQm
kjRu - RuU JU ]t; LuWp - B\m
YtUj RL; RXk = CWiPm YtUj RL,

Tt
I. S]
1,

URSVm Ttd LOo BXko L, UL]WeLu

Y]Yt\j Rj GL,

II. TTR ElXdLQm RL

k

tu\o

Bu\

LhP

III.Uj\u Y[oTt
URSVm GuT NpXlTYRu; A NnVlTY, Rm Nn
\Wm NnVj iY, Cu] NnRodm CVY NnRp;
CuNtTRp; LU LR \d ERRp; CLrYol
TjRp; NLlTf NtTdm Ti; CY TpY] UR
SVlTiL[m, ClTiLs URm. U. C]m. LPk UR Xm
Gu\ Ju\V Sd YlTUu AY UR SVUm
GuTR] EQokm EQojm YZl TslTYjXV tTL,

Xp Pdm Y-T] - ]m
X YXVj R\n!
TX Y]mRu YrdLV] - Ym
TpX GRtl T\n?
"YeL GuT PjR]m - Eu
WpLs Tjm XR]m!@
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LLp Zu Ym!
LhP WX Pm CUVm
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h W
u SLUn Y]m
W
eV Ru Zdf Np
RsLs E] RtNX -
RP UpXm UXofNX!
RpLs Hm E]dpX - Cj
RY ]mRu Eu GpX!
LpSLm V LLs YV
LeLm km KYm - Eu
RsL Wim Rt YPdLnj
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UY- Lh YPU!
im Uim [L[ - CY
YXL [pX; YsL[!
- RW TW

tl:

ClTPp. LOo RW TWu ""C GeLs Zd@@ Gum LRj

Rlp Es[,

BVo l:
LOo RW TW 26-2-1947 Cp YiQUX UYhPm "Y[@
Gum tp \kRo, Tt\o , WN; xTm AmUs,
105

106

34 BiLs BVWLl TVt. CYo SpXVdL] PdPo

CWRxQu Tt\Yo, \kR LOW] CYo "V VpLs@.
"Wp YfNeLs@. "Vj \dm TuN@. "Cu] LWm@.
RX] LR tL[l TPjs[o, TpY TL[m
L[m Yus[ CdLOo 13-5-2000 Cp CVtL Gn]o,

AgNtTs
PjR]m = AVU; XR]m = R,

CXdLQm
T\n - uX JU ]t; YeL - Tij
RL; WpLs Tjm. RsLWim - tmULs; LeLp - Tij
RL; T\m - EVo \lmU
UXofNX - CWiPm YtU Em TVm RdLRL;
RY]m - ]j RL
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UY- - EfNt\Po; im Uim - GimU,

Tt
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Rj GL,

II. TTR ElXdLQm RL:

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III. jl Qof RL:

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107

108

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VPV YfNjtLLY
CYoL[
dfL[ hPoL[!
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h hd
ZkRL[ GlT
LiPPl ToLs?
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ClTPp LOo Alp WUu "hWp@ Gum LRj
Rlp Es[,

BVo l:
LOo AlpWUu 1937 Cp UWp \kRYo, Ym LOW]
CYo "UWd LRu Yo TojRYo; dLRp UXo TojRYo@ Gu
TWhPlTTYo, U UQeLUm CYo TPlLs TX, Tp.
SVolTm. NkRf\Ls. LWL[ SVYpX. XeLs CpXR
LR GuT] AYth X, YVmT CvXV LXdLpp
RrlTWVWL Ck Kn Tt\ CYo. RZL AWu "TWRNu
@, RrlTpLXd LZLju "Rr Au] @ RX]
L[l Tt\ TUdVYo,
(EXLo A]YWm TeLYXp Brjdm. ZkRj
RX[o Gum NRVd \Th]. ClTPp N\, BR-u
TsYlTP)
109

CXdLQm
p - B\m YtUjRL; Lio Ys[m. TdL.
TmTWm. UpV Lm. Wp. dfLs - EYLeLs,

Tt
I. ]:
1,
2,
3,
4,

YoLdj RhPm fVl dL SWpXRR Hu?

YoLdd LRd LlTp P KnpXR Hu?
ZkRj RX[oLs Hu LiQf BP CVXpX?
ZkRj RX[oLs Hu TmTWm t [VP VpX?

II. S]:
1,

ZkRj RX[o AYX XVd LOo Alp WUu

U Rj YWL,

III. CXdLQd l YWL:

p

Lio Ys[m

TdL

IV. jl Qof RL:

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df

V. P RoL:
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B) VNo

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2,

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B) 7
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4)

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B) TWRNu C) SUdLp LOo

5) NkRZf NkRZLd LQ mVYo

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7,

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110

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WR pLs Rr Y[ofj \u T]l Tt\ p

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C, RWTW

10, EYUd LOo G]l TWhPlThPYo

A) lWUV TW B) WR C) LiQRNu

VI. TjL
1.

p
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Alp WUu
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WR
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111

112

7, YThlTPpLs
C\V[ Yil TmTPpLs YThl TPpLs Bm,
C\Yu TeLQj\m GpXpX Bt\m ]k
TtfNVp ClTp CPm Tm,
Es[m Juk YT Nnu EXLpXm CPoe
SXUXm [m GuT Nu\o LsL, AYWYo RjRU AY
YLVp AYWYo C\Y]j RZXm,
UkRo Rm SgNm GmURm Gq\ Gu Lu\R AmURm
Aq\ Gu As TY C\Uj RjYm, AqYiQU AYWYo
NokR NUVeLuT C\Y]j R TV TPpLs
YThlTPpLs Gu RWlThs[],
Ce B NUVeLu NoT] TPpLs CPm Tts[],
CY AqYf NUVjRWp KQokm \odWjm YTPl
Tt\YVRXp "SV Rr@ GuTRtm "RnY JikRr@
GuTRtm NuL[n tT] G]Xm,

A,YTUu
LtT Lj]d L]LUp YWVd
LU LT]d LiR X]f
NtT RlTs C[ jm
nV NV YiQn Spp
At RlTZ BYQe Lh
AV ]Gu] B[ LiP
StT RjRSs [\] AR
S ]uU\k Ru]d L],
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111

112

B, Up

E, CV TUu

B]R NpYj RWmTVoLs RtZ

Y]g NpYm UiQWm VuYiPu
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Lu
Uu
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Gu

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YL L[Xm YuL UYj
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TN] ojV VgN j Ym

- XNLWo

- Gf, H, xQls[

F, SLs SVLm

C, jRWu

LV WjRLr TYo jRL

VPYo LXdL U\Y
NVW UnlT[ VYo U]j
NVpL PLt Yo
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TV jR YYo
SVo YodLT S]o TRjQV
SSp YjR YoL[,

XYu ojRu iVu WQu

EXL Su VokR VuL
t\e LjRn Nt\g NjRn
t\ QokR RpY YuL
LUt LPkRn HU UVn
Sd LmTL LkR VuL
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A, YTUu

D, ALu

CfNns AlTo. NmTkRo. kRWo BV RYW Ys kRWo Rm

RYWl TLeLu Ro NnVlThs[,

Te NUW Vkl
PP VdLou WhPf
eL YN]j k
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AeL YU R\kRn
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kRWo RYWm. Tu\ Ylp HZk \VL

YdLlThs[,
kRWo ]lT Shp SYp Ru]o, CYo
Tt\o NPV]o - CN OVo BYo, CYoRm s[j lTVo
SmVWo GuTRm, CYo ]l T ShPViP SWeL
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Gum AZdLlT\o, AkR Shu EUVf kRWo RYWjp
TWdLd LQXm,

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CYo GV jRiPj RL Gum XV RXLd

Li NdZo GV jRiPo WQm GkR,
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113

114

AgNtTs

C, jRWu

LtTLj] = YiYo YiV]Yt\ AlTV YZem

LtTLUWm Tu\Y]; L]L UpYW = TV TuUX (Tu\Yu);
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LiP,,,, CqYLs YTUu SmVWj RjRh LiP
Lrfd ALfNu\m,

jRW]l Ttm ClT UULX Gum um Ro

NnVlThs[,

CXdLQm
LiRp - CXdLQl T-; (u u]Lj RdL) TZBYQm
- TijRL; NtTRm - JThTuU,

B,Up
BrYoLs TuYWp A[lThP SXWjqVl WTkRm
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TPpL[m, SU TPlT TUs Up SuLm Tjp
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B]R = \ TPR (LPR) AWmTVoLs = (AZt\kR)
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115

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CWiPm t\i,
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(CuTmBm) BWm = NdLWdLp; LkRu = \kRu; BVkkR
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GuTo, CkR WL AUVl Tt\o Tm Lr Tt\YWLm. RWLm
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- GeM]m (LrYu)

CXdLQm
S. LmTL - Tij RLLs; GuL = RuU JU
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Ckp XLj Rh Gum AZdLlT\,
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116

AgNtTs
NUW = NUWm BV YiLY; PP = CUem; CVdLo
= LkRYo; CWhP = ANdL; eLYN]m = AVQ; BN]m = CdL;
kRY = Sp-QdLPV Nu\o hPm; JUiXm = BXLm.
WToj. L]lWT Gum Y UiXeLs u, Zt\ =
JW; dP = NkWjRm; NLXTN]m. jRSRm Gum u
PLs; Cmu J UiXeLm. u PLm AL
RYd EV] GuTo) NkWjRm = jdP; NLXTN]m =
TtP; jRSRm = UdP; AeLm = AeLLUm; Ym =
(oYLUm. AeLLUm. WoQYLUm Gum Cm um AL RYu
BLUeL[m Gu\L)

CXdLQm
P P - AdjRPo; Te RUW - ]jRL; CWhP.
Zt\. LlT. R[ - NVYu YnTh ]VfNeLs; dP =
TijRL,

E, CVTUu
CVTU] Yrjm ClTPp CWhNV VjLm Gum
-um RokRdLlThs[,
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DPt\m mYo Npm kR] VjW GuTY CWhNV
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NeLW SWVQls[m RnYSVVmUm BYo,

F, SLs SVLm
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Gu Yrjm ClTPp \lWQjum Ro NnVlThs[,
\lWQjRj Rr UWd LtTl TeLlVULf NnRjRYo
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