INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
OVERVIEW

OF INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN ORDINARY BUILDINGS AND

INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

MAJOR

ASPECTS IN INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

EXAMPLES

IN INDIA AND DUBAI

CONCLUSION

DEFINITION OF INTELLIGENT
BUILDING :
The Intelligent Building Institute has proposed:
An intelligent building is one that provides a
productive
and
cost-effective
environment
through optimization of its four basic elements structure, systems, services and management and the interrelationships between them.
Intelligent buildings help business owners,
property managers and occupants to realize their
goals in the areas of cost, comfort, convenience,
safety, long-term flexibility and marketability."

INTRODUCTION
Intelligent Buildings are the buildings of 21 st century. They
combines innovations with skillful management to maximize
the returns on investment.
These buildings keep a watch over themselves and their own
well being.
They put off lights, shut down air conditioners, check the
water storage tanks, recharge the central UPS in case of a
power failure and switch on the alarm in case of fire.

Use of technology and process to create a

building that is safer and more productive for its
occupants and more operationally efficient for
its owners.

Intelligent Buildings are equipped with robust

telecommunication infrastructure, allowing for
more efficient use of resources and increasing
the comfort and security of its occupants.

The origin of Intelligent Buildings and building

management systems has roots in the Industrial sector in
the 1980s.

The high technology concept of intelligent building

systems was introduced in United States.

OVERVIEW OF INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

Building should know what is happening inside and

immediately outside.
Building should decide the most effective way of
providing a convenient, comfortable and productive
environment for its occupants.
Building should respond as quickly as possible to the
occupants requests.
These attributes indicates the need for various
technology and management systems. The successful
integration of these systems will produce three
dimensions of building intelligence.

EXAMPLES OF HOW TECHNOLOGY HELPED TO

PROVIDE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND A
SUPERIOR ENVIRONMENT
FEATURE

BENEFIT

Dimmable fluorescent lighting

integrated with sun blind control

Optimal lighting level and quality

can be determined by the occupants.

Lighting control with motion sensors

integrated with security

Reduces energy use and increases

security

Natural and displacement

ventilation.

More efficient and effective

distribution of ventilation

Use of economizers for free cooling.

Energy efficiency.

Individual temperature and lighting

control

Improved comfort is shown to improve

productivity.

Radiant heating and cooling.

Improved comfort, reduced energy

use

After hours control of lights and

HVAC integrated with security

Improved security while reducing

energy use

THREE DIMENSIONS OF BUILDING

INTELLIGENCE

Strata Tower, Abu Dhabi

Office Automation system and Local Area Netw

Advanced Telecommunication

Dubai Opera House

To enable rapid
communication
with outside world,
via the central
computer system
using optical fiber
installations,
microwave and
conventional
satellite links.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY

BUILDINGS AND INTELLIGENT
BUILDINGS

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY

BUILDINGS AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

While planning an intelligent building, a Building ser

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY BUILDINGS

AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

In an Intelligent Building, the security system, comm

Da Vinci rotating tower

HOW BUILDINGS BECOME INTELLIGENT

The high technology concept of intelligent building systems
was introduced in United States in early 1980s. An Intelligent
Building provides a productive and cost-effective environment
through the integration of Structure, Systems, Services, and
Management.

MAJOR ASPECTS OF INTELLIGENT

BUILDING

SECURITY
This includes controlling access, surveillance and
communication
Access control : Access control restricts how and when
people enter and/or exit an area. Your particular needs
will determine how that is accomplished. Access Control
Systems allow people or vehicles into a restricted area
via identification through coded keys, magnetic cards,
or biometric readers such as hand, face, voice, finger or
retina readers. These systems are used in many
businesses, hotels and apartment complexes.

COMMON FEATURES OF ACCESS

CONTROL SYSTEMS

Limit access- Systems can be programmed to

allow certain users to enter specific areas only at
certain times. Other users can be allowed to
enter all locations at all times.
Automating Systems can automatically lock a
door or gate each evening at a certain time and
unlock it automatically at another time.

WORKING OF AN ACCESS CONTROL

SYSTEMS
1.

2.
3.

First we need a barrier to prevent someone from

entering or exiting, such as a locked door or
gate.
Next we need a way to determine who is trying
to enter.
A credential reader is used to read the
information on a key or card, to register a
combination of numbers entered on a pad or to
identify some characteristic that the user has,
such as a fingerprint the shape of a hand, a
pattern in the eye, etc.

4.

5.

6.

This identifier is sent to a controller that has

stored a record of those identifiers that are
authorized to enter the area.
If the credential holder is authorized the
controller unlocks the gate or door and the
credential holder is allowed to enter.
In many systems a record of all authorized and
unauthorized credentials is stored in the system
for future reference.

GADGETS

FINGER PRINT LOCK

EASY AND

SIMPLE INSTALLATION
UNLOCK BY FINGERPRINT OR CODE
CAN STORE UPTO 150 DIFFERENT FINGER
PRINTS

RETINA BASED DOOR ACCESS SYSTEM

Pre-stores the
person's eye color
and its other physical
features.

Scans
retina,
matches it with the
data stored and only
then the door gets
opened.

VOICE AND VIDEO INTERCOM

This type of access control is most commonly

used in blocks of flats or apartments, where
access to the front door needs to be controlled
remotely. Communication between the internal
phone and the outside speaker is established,
before authorization to enter is granted

CODE- BASED ACCESS SYSTEM

A secure pin code entered onto a touch screen is

required, before Access to a controlled area is
allowed

SWIPE CARD ACCESS SYSTEM

Entrance to a secured area is allowed, through

the "swiping" of a pre-programmed card with
magnetic strip through a reader

BIOMETRIC ACCESS SYSTEM

The newest technology in access control,

biometric systems verify a person's identity, by
unique physical characteristics, such as a
fingerprint or retina.

SAFETY AND SURVEILLANCE

Intelligence with respect to life safety in an
intelligent building consists of the use of high
technology to maximize the performance of fire
alarm and security systems while at the same
time minimizing costs.
Life safety factors involved in intelligent
buildings include:

reduced manpower dependence,

closed-circuit television,
card access control,
smoke detection,
intrusion alarms,
emergency control of elevators, doors and
uninterruptible power supplies.

Surveillance
Helps in monitoring movement within and outside a building and
its periphery through camera (Closed-Circuit Television Camera) or
perimeter devices like intrusion alarms. Also helps in alerting the
security manager, in case of violation of pre-set norms.

SAFETY

Fire protection systems pump water to the areas where the fire
occurs, so as to douse it automatically through sprinkler bulbs and
also manually through the fire brigade.
Sufficient water pressure should be maintained
throughout.

SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEMS

Early warning systems like smoke detection systems,

detects the fire at a very early stage and pinpoint to the
caretaker where exactly it is occurring, so that the fire is
extinguished locally through manual fire extinguishers.

TELE COMMUNICATION

Intelligence with respect to telecommunications

in an intelligent building consists of the offering
to tenants of many sophisticated telecom features
at a considerably reduced cost due to the fact that
the equipment is shared by many users. Some of
the telecom features involved in intelligent
buildings are:
private

telephone exchange systems,

cablevision,
audio-visual and video-conferencing,
satellite communications and,
electronic mail, Intranets and Internet access

TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Telecommunication Systems and Office Automation Systems like

the UPS and the Public Address system provides the required
support in the event of security violation or fire.

BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND

INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

Energy-effective systems balance a building's electric light, daylight

and mechanical systems for maximum benefit.

Lighting Systems: Adding daylight to a building is one way to

achieve an energy effective design. And with the reduced need for
electric light, a great deal of money can be saved on energy.

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS

An intelligent building starts with an environmentally

friendly design.
Creating a project that is environmentally friendly and
energy efficient ties in closely with many of the intelligent
attributes.
Intelligent buildings are designed for long-term
sustainability and minimal environmental impact through
the selection of recycled and recyclable materials,
construction, maintenance and operations procedures.
Providing the ability to integrate building controls,
optimize operations, and enterprise level management
results in a significant enhancement in energy efficiency,
lowering both cost and energy usage compared to nonintelligent projects.

ECONOMY CONSIDERATION :
Creating an intelligent building does require an
investment in advanced technology, processes, and
solutions.
An upfront investment is required to realize a
significant return later on.
It is unrealistic to expect to make a project
intelligent unless there is early buy in on
investment.
One of the challenges is to educate owners on the
benefits of an intelligent building design.
This makes the education of both owners and
architects about the benefits of intelligent solutions
critical for success.

EXAMPLES OF
INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

INTELLIGENT BUILDING IN INDIA

The need for Intelligent Buildings rose with the
emergence of the IT sector. IT firms need uninterrupted
working environment for 365 days a year. Some kind of
round the clock monitoring is also necessary.
Techno-campus of Cognizant Technology Solutions,
Thoraipakkam on old Mamallapuram road is one of the
Intelligent buildings in India. It took 14 months to evolve
a fully integrated design plan and arrive at the IBMS
solution that covers security, safety and automation, and
since January 2004 the concept has been functional in the
400,000-sqft complex.

Cognizant Technology Solutions' office at

Thoraipakkam, where an intelligent
building management system is in place

SOME OF THE FEATURES OF THE IBMS

AT COGNIZANT

Smoke

detection systems
Bio metric finger scanning systems
73 CCTV cameras
Control of HVAC
Control of water levels in overhead tanks
Automatic lighting control

NIIT BUILDING

TIDEL PARK CHENNAI

GATE WAY TOWER AT GURGAON

DAVINCI ROTATING TOWER

BURJ KHALIFA DUBAI

CONCLUSION
The intelligent building is clearly the building of the
future.
The goal of having an intelligent building only starts
with early planning in the design stage.
In many ways, this mirrors the design and fulfillment of
many green or LEED projects today, but it uses
technology to provide for a superior space.
There are enormous benefits to be gained by creating
intelligent buildings.

With proper marketing such buildings will entice

tenants to sign on with a much greater ease.
By supporting the tenants in as many services as
possible the building owners also gain from the
profits realized from these services and tenants
profit from the discounts to be had on their end
as well.
We need to continue to work as an industry to
quantify these benefits, educate owners and
consultants, and to deliver a superior product to
the market.