SENSES AND ARCHITECTURE

Simple features in design can be implemented to aid in perceiving with the whole being.
The qualities of a space are what offer the full experience. Such qualities are temperature, textures, materiality, volume and
acoustics. Simple features in design can be implemented to aid in perceiving with the whole being. A person can feel the sense
of the space with the temperature of the space and the airflow. Also, the way sound travels through a space can give a person
an idea of what the space is like. By offering materials that can be touched and adding plants that give off scents, we can
simply enhance a space. It is the small things that make a difference.

ARCHITECTURE AND THE HUMAN SENSES

All too often, architectural designs trust more heavily on the visual one.
The other senses are unfortunately frequently neglected. This is unfortunate
since it is through the senses that architecture can have profound effect.
For instance, architectural building can more truly relate to the surrounding
culture through all of the senses. Addressing historic, traditional or present-day
cultural patterns can make a work of architecture a success when the senses
are not ignored.

The architect must act as a composer that orchestrates space into synchronization for function and beauty through the senses –
and how the human body engages space is of prime importance. As the human body moves, sees, smells, touches, hears and
even tastes within a space – the architecture comes to life. The rhythm of architecture can be felt by occupants as a result of
the architect’s composition – or arrangement of all the sensorial qualities of space. By arranging spatial sensorial features, an
architect can lead occupants through the functional and aesthetic rhythms of a created place. Architectural building for all the
senses can serve to move occupants – elevating their experience. Architectural space is about layering for all of the senses. Like
a musical composition, spatial features come together into a symphony for occupants to experience. Bringing a space to life
means that architectural function and form is not just primarily for the visual sense. By engaging all of the senses, form and
function may be more fully expressed so occupants can have deeper, more meaningful moments – feeling the bouquet of their
surroundings in all of its dimensions.
The senses in architecture
Vision has a strong connection to architecture. The first impression we get from architecture relies most of the
time on the first view that we get on it. And still we perceive architecture with all our senses. In the following
paragraph examples for each sense individually explain its importance in architecture and the possible impact
on us.

Sight – the top sense

The dominance of vision:

Already in early times the vision was the leading sense. Plato regarded vision
as humanity’s greatest gift. Until today, sight prevailed on top of the hierarchy
of the senses and our technological culture has separated the senses even
further.
“Vision and hearing are now the privileged sociable senses, whereas the
other three are considered archaic sensory remnants with a merely private
function, and they are usually suppressed by the code of culture.”
With the technological development our world has become a lot faster than
it used to be. Screens, advertisements, radios. Constantly our senses are
triggered and it seems like time and space are fused by speed. The only
sense that can keep the pace of this development is sight.
As a result architectural design is meant to please this sense. This should not imply that architects focus only on the
nice picture of their design but some of them are just not balanced in terms of the sensual possibilities. Whereas other
architects focused on the visual component of their design but conscious or unconsciously built architecture that did
affect several other senses. Le Corbusier with the statement that “Architecture is the masterly, correct magnificent
play of masses brought together in light” is a good example. His statement is clearly leading to an architecture for
the eye but with his sculpturing talent and his sense for materiality he prevented his buildings from turning into sensory
reduction.
Touch – an intimate sense
The eye is the organ of distance, whereas touch is the sense o nearness,
intimacy and affection. The eye observes and investigates, whereas the
touch approaches and feels.
So when the light makes space for shadow our other senses are sharpened
including the sensitivity to touch.

Feeling shape
We can feel if a room is brightly lid or if it is dim. In the same way as we can
feel the sunlight on our skin. So light is a good method to address touch in
architecture. But the skin can sense more things. It can read texture, weight,
density and temperature of matter.

By touching material we experience more than by the bare gaze at it.

Structures have a visual effect but by touching them we feel more
components of their construct. Hardness, Depth, Temperature these
components can vary in materials that give the same visual impression.

Two different examples of architecture can be the holocaust memorial in

Berlin from Peter Eisenman or the interior of the iWeb by Kas Oosterhuis. Both
the extremely smooth concrete and the sprayed foam layer just invite to be
touched. Though our vision leads us there only the touch is actually satisfying
our curiosity.
Acoustics – the silent sense
A building’s soundtrack

Hearing is a very incorporating sense. It is omni-directional, not focused like vision.

A view at a building will not show the person watching the building but a building will return the sound of a person
walking in it and listening to the
sound.

And still most of the time acoustics remain an unconscious background experience but in the right places it can
create the right atmosphere for almost spiritual sceneries.“We are not aware of the significance of hearing in
spatial experience, although sound often provides the temporal continuum in which visual
impressions are embedded.”

Like a soundtrack in a movie, where music is

increasing the tension in a thrilleror the drama in a
love story, soundsin architecture can increase the
intensity of its perception.
“However the temporary city has lost its echo.” On
one hand we have new technologies that enable
architects to build great soundscapes on the other
hand we cheat on the spatial experience by
installing sound absorbing materials and other
sound optimizing elements.So the built product
does not equal the heard product. The question is,
if this is a smart alternative or just a lack of critical
examination.
Hearing nothing

One of the most exciting auditory experiences in architecture is tranquillity. In the past the tool of silence has been
used to create great atmospheres. The silence in the Pantheon combined with the great view to the roof is
indescribable. The absence of sound is actually creating the atmosphere.
To name a more current design the Jewish museum by Daniel Libeskind is playing with the same phenomenon. In
the museum complex he designed special rooms called voids in which he installed different installations. In one
copper plates in the shape of faces are laying on the ground of a very high room. The visitor has to walk over the
faces and a noise echoed by the high walls will fill up the room. The installation is also meant as a reminder to the
holocaust and the sound should make aware of all the individuals that had to suffer. This is a very dramatic usage
but in other simple installations it can still have a nice effect also if it is a birds song recording in an interior garden or
a ground covered with sand and it is possible to hear the sound of it while walking over it.
Smell – space’s odour
One in a million
We need only a little amount of molecules of substance to trigger an impulse of smell in a nerve end, and we
can smell more than ten thousand different scents. If it is a new scent it is possible to remember the scent and
identify it again later.
Since it is not possible to name all the odours, spatial
qualities are associated. That is why the expression “it is a
hospital smell” is familiar to most people. Also the own
smell of a person is so familiar that it is possible to
recognize your shirt out of 100 identical and your flat when
you come home just by taking a deep breath.
These associations could be used in architecture.
To stimulate emotions, to guide, or to distract.
In the same way as every city has its own smell every
building could have the same. It will end up as a difficult
task, since smell is so sensitive that for example a mixture
of scents in one room is not possible. But the effect could
be as great as the effort.
Taste – more a combination of two
The taste of architecture
The human tongue can only distinguish among 7-8 distinct
types of taste, while the nose can distinguish
among hundreds of substances, even in minute quantities.
Olfaction amplifies the sense of taste. This rule is also
applicable to taste in architecture. It turns out clear that
there is not a literal taste of architecture since the ferry
tale of Hansel and Gretel. And still architecture can
stimulate the sense of taste. In this case together with the
sense of vision not with smell.
Vision becomes transferred to taste. “Certain colours and
delicate details evoke oral sensation. A delicately
coloured, polished stone surface is subliminally sensed
by the tongue”
So the taste in architecture does not literally mean to
kneel down and try to eat the stone bricks, but it means
that architecture can make our mouth water just by the
sight of appealing materials.
EXAMPLE BUILDINGS
Given the physical nature of the built environment, it would be easy to assume that the visual qualities of
spaces dominate our our perception of a building. However, many artists and architects have
experimented with specific sensory devices over the years, proving that every sense can be significant in
transforming the experiential qualities of architecture. Here are five spaces designed to heighten the
awareness in very unexpected ways. Step inside and leave your preconceptions at the door.

Sound: Anechoic Chamber, South Bank University, London

When considering the significance of sound in architecture

it may seem a little perverse to select a room designed to
harness total silence. However, this would be to
over-simplify matters: spend a few hours in an anechoic
chamber, and all manner of previously unperceived
sounds become apparent.
The crackling of your sinuses, the movement of blood
around your head, the thudding of your beating heart…
the walls of foam blades absorb almost every sound,
leaving you hyper-aware of your own body and its
existence within the space.
Sight: Backside Of The Moon, Naoshima

Amongst countless other architectural treasures, Japan’s “Art Island” is home to a timber-clad building that stretches
the sense we take for granted most: sight. James Turrell’s “Backside Of The Moon” contains a pitch-black space that
renders you blind for what might seem like forever.
Eventually, your eyes adjust – only then can the eerie gray light installation be observed, and the space you are
sitting in begins to make coherent sense. The brilliant Tadao Ando painstakingly detailed this installation, and it shows:
This structure represents the essence of how light and darkness can be harnessed to create truly powerful
experiences.
Smell: The Art of Scent, Museum of Art and Design, New York City

When they weren’t busy working on the High Line, Diller Scofidio + Renfro adventured into the realms of sensory
design in New York. Their installation at the Museum of Art and Design launched as the first major exhibition to focus
on fragrance as an artistic medium rather than just a consumer product controlled by luxury brands.
Smell is the sense most associated with reminiscence, and each of the invisible artworks aimed to evoke memories
and affect thought patterns of visitors. The minimalist architecture employed by DS+R framed this experience
beautifully, with fragrances emanating from a series of subtle dimples and pleats within the gallery walls.
Taste: Chocolate Room, American Pavilion, Venice

Originally created for the 35th Venice Biennale in 1970, American artist Edward Ruscha created the ‘wallpaper’
of this room by silk-screen printing 360 sheets with Nestlé chocolate. The oppressive room forces inhabitants to
question their preconceptions about the relationship between taste and euphoria, forming physical proof of that
age-old proverb: too much of anything is a bad thing. While we typically associate chocolate with its euphoric
effect on our taste-buds, the sense of smell was particularly overpowering in this case: the walls began to melt in
the hot summer temperatures, attracting swarms of Venetian ants that ate away at the artwork.
Touch: Hazelwood School, Glasgow

Hazelwood school was designed specifically for children who are “dual sensory impaired” – they are both blind
and deaf – meaning the sense of touch was infinitely more crucial in fostering their independence and aiding
their orientation around the building. Architect Alan Dunlop developed a meandering plan that allows children to
follow a linear route through the building, avoiding maze-like conditions. Furthermore, the interior walls are clad
with multiple textured materials, which pupils can follow with their hands to make sense of their whereabouts
within the school. This means that they can make their way from classroom to classroom with minimal help,
increasing the children’s confidence despite the challenges they face.
Interactive architecture – a possible new field for the senses

As cited in the beginning senses are the mediator

between people and architecture. In interactive
architecture the goal is to reach a dialogue between
the building and its users. This is mostly done gathering
digital information from the people by the use of sensors
and other technical tools.
These senses inserted in the building equal the human
senses. In fact the building is imitating the human
perception.
More interesting than the gathering of this information is
the answer of the building to it. In most cases the answer
is only visual or acoustic. This is a loss of information.
It should be possible to communicate back to all senses,
since it is possible to imitate all perception methods.
Then the name interactive architecture would resemble
more the human interaction, which is also dominated by
acoustic, haptic and visual components but still uses taste
and smell for direct or indirect communication.
Conclusion

Using senses in architecture is not new. But the level of perfection is by far not reached. “ Architecture reflects,
materialises and eternalises ideas and images of ideal life.” Today we aim at the construction of intelligent
buildings that help their users and communicate that. So the method of communicating will always be an
important issue. It is easier to communicate in the same language and with the same method than
responding only in one or two ways, where five a re possible.
The usage of some senses like smell and taste appears rather difficult, but architecture is developing very
quickly at the moment, so one can be confident that appropriate methods will develop to incorporate also
theses senses into architecture.
LIVE CASE STUDY
ITC - KOHINOOR HOTEL - Hyderabad, India

Location
Site Location : Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh.
Altitude : 545 m above mean sea level
ROOMS : 271 ROOMS
Fire & life safety

Building service
electrical
hvac
vertical transportation

Plumbing service
water supply
solid waste management
Fire & life safety
Fire & life safety

Staircase @ 40 m intervals

FHC @ 40m intervals, located at every staircase

Fire indication alarm @ 70’ intervals Smoke detectors @ 15’ intervals Sprinklers @ 20’ intervals
Automatic sprinklers system is used in entire hotel, and it’s
provided in public spaces and corridor spaces

Fire Water Storage

Static water storage of 4,50,000 lts @ Basement 2 and the storage

shall be common for the Hotel fire protection / fire fighting
requirement.

Swimming pool @ First Floor, pool drain shall be connected to the

fire water tanks for supplementing fire water storage.

Fire department connections provided on the external wall of the

Hand held fire extinguishers – placed in 15 m interval
property near the main entrance.

*FHC = Fire Hose Cabinet

SPRINKLER SYSTEM

Quartzoid Bulb Automatic Sprinkler

The sprinkler head consists of a quartzoid bulb which bursts
when the temperature increases beyond the limit and the water starts
flowing from the sprinkler head. These quartzoid bulbs are color coded
in red, yellow green, cyan and purple.

• Red - 68 deg C
• Yellow - 80 deg C
• Green - 93 deg C
• cyan - 141 deg C
• purple - 182 deg C
Basement car park provided with Heat detectors.

All plant room spaces in basements provided with combination of

Heat and smoke detectors with dedicated manual pull station and hooters.

Break-glass stations (manual fire alarm stations,

Maximum distance between pull stations shall not exceed 60 m).

Visual alarm signaling devices (Xenon strobe lights) shall be located throughout the
building.

These devices shall be UL listed and be capable of either ceiling

or wall mounting. Visual units shall be rated at 75 candela
minimum..

Magnetic hold open devices shall be provided where required

for the automatic release of smoke/ fire doors.
Building service
electrical
hvac
vertical transportation
ELECTRICAL
Sources of Power Supply E S T I M AT E D E L E C T R I C A L P O W E R R E Q U I R E M E N T

state electricity board at 11kV with 100 % emergency power

D.G. power supply.
State Electricity Supply

As the anticipated demand load of the Hotel is approximately

2.5 MVA , hence as per state electricity board norms, 11 kV
power shall be made available for the project.
Emergency Power Supply

to cater to demand of 2.5 MVA, *MVA = KVA/1000

2 No. of 1250 kVA of Transformer *MVA - Mega Volt Amp
*KVA - Kilo Volt Amp
2 No. of 1650 kVA of DG sets
DG panel shall be capable of restoring power supply within
10-15 seconds of (black-out or brown-out) of city power.
 BASEMENT-1

GROUND FLOOR

Location of service core

• DG Room
• AC Plant
• RMU Room
• HT Room
• LV Panel
• Boiler Room
• Transformer Room Location of transformer position & mep room
Photovoltaic panels

Photovoltaic modules on a supporting frame has been provided on top of the tower roof to generate on-site renewable energy.
HVAC
Staircase / Lift Pressurization

Fire escape staircases shall be provided with

Pressurization system.

Air ducts installed in vertical risers for supplying air at

staircase landings, for achieving effective pressurization.

Fans to prevent humid fresh air entering into staircase

well.

These systems interlocked with fan motor and smoke

sensor.

The pressurization fans shall get activated upon sensing

of smoke in guest corridors / common passengers / lift
lobby.
Winter Heating System Chiller unit (3 No. 350 TR )
Lift Lobby : 30 Pa
Lift Well : 50 Pa Since, Hyderabad has mild winter, 2 No. 350 TR Water cooled screw chiller
Staircases : 50 Pa no winter heating is required. &
1 No. 350 TR Water cooled screw chiller(stand by)
 BASEMENT-1 GROUND FLOOR

Location of service core

Location of transformer
• DG Room position & mep room
• AC Plant
• RMU Room
• HT Room
• LV Panel
• Boiler Room
• Transformer LEVEL -1
Room
Location of service corridor
for ball room
 LEVEL -2 (Location of service corridor for retails) LEVEL -4 (Location of service corridor for begum restaurant)

LEVEL -5 TERRACE

Location of service corridor for Asian restaurant Location of service corridor for rooms & Italian restaurant
 Estimated Air Conditioning Load Main HVAC Plant Room
Acoustical Criteria
LEVELS Area Load
(sq.ft) (TR)
Air Conditioning system shall be designed to
BASEMENT-02 1637 6.1 maintain the following noise criteria (NC) Levels:
BASEMENT-01 6171 29.8
a. Hotel Room and Presidential Suite : NC 30
GROUND FLOOR 57430 353
b. Main Lobby : NC 35
FIRST FLOOR 31522 200.5 c. Ball Room & Pre Function : NC 35
SECOND FLOOR 24637 124.4 d. Meeting Room : NC 35
THIRD FLOOR 10196 27.3 e. Restaurant/Bar : NC 35
f. Fitness Centre : NC 35
FOURTH FLOOR 12793 76.2 g. Retail : NC 35
FIFTH FLOOR 14759 30.92 h. Kitchen : NC 40
SIXTH FLOOR 21293 44.57 j. Back of the House : NC 40
SEVENTH FLOOR 19723 42
EIGHTH FLOOR 20733 44.23 Mechanical Ventilation
NINTH FLOOR 20885 44.86
Toilet (Public) : 10 ACPH
TENTH FLOOR 17751 43.8
Stores : 6 ACPH
ELEVENTH FLOOR 18678 41.1 AC Plant Room : 30 ACPH
TWELFTH FLOOR 22238 84.17 Boiler Room : 40 ACPH
Laundry Exhaust : 20 ACPH
THIRTEENTH FLOOR 15407 34.4
Smoke extract in public area :12 ACPH
FOUTEENTH FLOOR 21346 111.3 Basement Car Parking : 12 (Normal Mode) ACPH
TOTAL 337196 1339 : 30 (Fire Mode) ACPH
*ACPH = Air changes per hour
vertical transportation
lift
Staircase
Car parking

Passenger lift Service lift / fire lift

capacity = 21 pax capacity = 21 pax
load = 16000 ka load = 16000 ka
speed = 3.5 m/s speed = 2.5 m/s
Lifts (Tower & Podium) Lifts (Tower & Podium)
The vertical Transportation (Lift)
Strategy for Tower is based on two
main cores serving East, West &
Central wing. Each Core is to house 4
Passenger lifts and 2 Service Lifts. The
podium houses additional passenger
and service lifts to operate different
FOH facilities which are subject to
Operator confirmation.
TRAFFIC ANALYSIS FOR GUEST ELEVATORS
WEST WING : HB01 TO HB04
Estimated population: West Wing and 50% Central Wing Where N = No. of 21 passenger 3.5 m/sec.

Type of Guest Rooms: Speed Elevators

a. Guest rooms 181
b. Service Apartments 10 Quality of Service (waiting interval) as per IS:1860 – 1980
c. Pan Asian Restaurant 1 20 – 25 seconds - Excellent
26 – 35 seconds - Good
d. Peshawari Restaurant 1
36 – 40 seconds - Fair
41 -44 seconds - Poor
Population of guest rooms = 181 rooms x 2 persons per room = 362 Over 45 seconds - Unsatisfactory
Population of Service Apartments = 10 rooms x 3 persons per room = 30
Pan Asian Restaurant (100/20%) = 20% of total population = 20 Handling Capacity
Peshawari Restaurant (60/20%) = 20% of total population = 12 H = 300 x Q x 100/ T x P
Total population = 424 persons
Where
Average travel distance = 48.5 meters (2/3of the total distance) = 32.3 meters H = handling capacity as the percentage of peak
Average travel time at 3.5 m/sec = 32.3 / 3.5 = 9.2 sec. population handled during five (5) minutes period.
Average stopping, door opening and closing Q = average number of passengers carried in a car
time for 12 landings = 12 x 8 sec. x 0.5 diversity factor = 48 sec. 21 x 0.8 = 16.8 persons
Average Return Trip Time (RTT) (9.2sec. + 48 ) x 2 = 114.4 sec. T = waiting interval and
T (waiting interval) = RTT/4 = 114.4/4 = 28.6 sec. P = total population to be handled during peak period
by bank of elevators (HB01 TO HB04)
H = 300 x 16.8 x 100/28.6 x 424 = 41.5%
Say 29 seconds
Handling capacity of Elevators = 41 percent
TRAFFIC ANALYSIS FOR GUEST ELEVATORS
EAST WING : HA01 TO HA04
Estimated population: EAST Wing and 50% Central Wing

Type of Guest Rooms: Where N = No. of 21 passenger 3.5 m/sec.

a. Guest rooms 73
b. Studio Apartments 7 Speed Elevators
c. Presidential Suite 1
Quality of Service (waiting interval) as per IS:1860 – 1980
d. Queen Suit 1
20 – 25 seconds - Excellent
e. Corporate club 1 26 – 35 seconds - Good
f. Italian & Sky Bar 1 36 – 40 seconds - Fair
41 -44 seconds - Poor
Population of guest rooms = 73 rooms x 2 persons per room = 146 Over 45 seconds - Unsatisfactory
Population of Studio Apartments = 7 studio X 3 person per studio = 21
Presidential Suite = 1 suit X 2 person =2 Handling Capacity
Queen Suite = 1 suit X 2 person =2 H = 300 x Q x 100/T x P
Corporate club ( 95/20%) = 20% of total population = 19
Italian & Sky Bar ( 140/20% ) = 20% of total population = 28 Where
Total population = 218 persons H = handling capacity as the percentage of peak
population handled during five (5) minutes period.
Average travel distance 45 meters (2/3of the total distance) = 30 meters Q = average number of passengers carried in a car
Average travel time at 3.5 m/sec = 30 / 3.5 = 8.5 sec. 21 x 0.8 = 16.8 persons
T = waiting interval and
Average stopping, door opening and closing
P = total population to be handled during peak period
time for 13 landings = 13 x 8 sec. x 0.5 diversity factor = 52 sec.
by bank of elevators (HA01 TO HA04)
Average Return Trip Time (RTT) (8.5 sec. + 52 ) x 2 = 121 sec. H = 300 x 16.8 x 100/30.25 x 218 = 76%
T (waiting interval) = RTT/4 = 121/4 = 30.25 sec.
Handling capacity of Elevators = 76 percent
Say 30 seconds
Staircases (Tower & Podium) Staircases (Tower & Podium)
The vertical
Transportation (Staircase)
Strategy for Tower is based
on two main cores serving
East, West & Central wing.
Each Core is to house 1
staircase. Additional staircase
is provided in East and West
wing in order to provide
second means of egress
within the required travel
distance.
Stacked vs Conventional Parking Strategy
1) MEP Service zone to be restricted above driveways only. The only area where a 800mm zone is considered in MEP.
2) 3800mm clear height is minimum height required to accommodate stacked parking.
3) No services to be located above stacked parking bays; otherwise, conventional parking bays will be provided only.

• B1: Conventional parking (CP) = 129; Stacked parking (SP) = 208

• B2: Conventional parking (CP) = 102; Stacked parking (SP) = 108
• Total Conventional parking (CP) = 231; Total Stacked parking (SP) = 316
• Final Total Car park count = 547 Cars
Plumbing service
water supply
solid waste management
WATER SUPPLY
 Central Under Ground Water Storage
Source of Water S. No. Description Capacity (Lts.)

It is expected that daily fresh water

i. Fire Storage Tanks 2 No. 225000 ltrs each ,
demand of 2,86,000 lts/day, total = 450000 ltrs.
ii. Raw Water Storage Tanks 2 No. 150000 ltrs each
• municipal source Total : 300000 ltrs.
iii. Domestic Water Storage Tanks 2 No. 150000 ltrs each
• Tanker Total : 300000 ltrs.
• Bore well
Water Storage Tank at Terrace Level
S. No. Description Capacity (Lts.)
i. Fire Water tank 1 No.25000 ltrs.

Water Type & Treatment

Description Hotel

Domestic Water requirement From Plumbing Plant Room at

Basement-2

Hot Water requirement From Boiler Room at Basement-1

Flushing Water requirement From Central STP at Basement-2

(Double height)

Soft Water requirement From Central STP at Basement-2

(Double height)
Water Balance Data

Water Consumption Data – Summary & Treated Waste Water Re-use

S. No. Description Required
1. Domestic Water Requirement 274 kL/day
2. Flushing Water Requirement 35 kL/day
3. Flow to Waste to G.W.T.P. 131 kL/day
4. G.W.T.P. Capacity 140 KLD
Re-use of treated waste water from G.W.T.P. Approx. 125 kL/day from G.W.T.P.

S. No. Description Required

1. Flushing Water Requirement 35 kL/day From G.W.T.P.
2. Cooling Tower Make-up for Air-conditioning& DG Sets Hotel, Air 90 kL/day From G.W.T.P.
Conditioning Plant

3. Flow to Sewer to S.T.P.( Black Water) 164 Kl/day

4. S.T.P. (Black water) Capacity 180 Kl/day
Re-use of treated waste water from S.T.P. Approx. 155 kL/day from G.W.T.P.

5. Gardening , Landscape, Washing etc. 140-155 kL/day From S.T.P.

SUB TOTAL 280 kL / day

Conclusion:

SUB TOTAL Water Requirement for the Project – 548 kL for two days.
Fresh Water Requirement – 274 kL / day
Treated Waste Water Use – 280 kL / day
WATER BALANACE CHART
swimming pool

Filtered water shall be let into the swimming pool through

stainless steel surflow nozzles mounted at the bottom of
the pool.

The turnover time for main pool shall be of 4 hour duration

(6 volume change per day).

Flood Fighting System

Ramp drain channel at each ramp drain pipe connect to storm water tank at basement-2 and access from basement-1 floor
level.

Storm water tank overflow pipe connect to basement-2 drainage sump. (No ground rain water flow enter the basement-2 )

The basement floor construction shall be such to prevent direct ingress of rain water. However, some rain water will be
carried by the ramp to the Basement.

These sumps shall be provided with minimum 2 pumps (1 working, 1 standby) for the drainage.

It will directly connected to the outside drains.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Sewage Treatment Plant
We shall provide 180KLD(Black water) + 140 KLD(Grey water ) treatment plant for treatment of
sewage & grey water treatment plant for treatment of sullage water.

1. Black water treatment – 180 KLD 1. Grey water treatment-140 KLD

Daily average flow - 180 Cum / Day Daily average flow - 140 Cum / Day
pH - 7.5 – 8.5 pH - 6.5 – 8.5
BOD5 - 250 – 400 Mg/L BOD5 - 15-40 Mg/L
S. Solids - 200 – 450 Mg/L S. Solids - 50-125 Mg/L
COD - 600 – 800 Mg/L COD - 100-200 Mg/L
Oil & Grease - 50 Mg / L Oil & Grease - 10 Mg / L

Effluent discharge standard after treatment Effluent discharge standard after treatment
pH - 6.0 – 8.5 pH - 6.0 – 8.5
BOD5 - Less than 10 Mg/L BOD5 - Less than 5-10 Mg/L
S. Solids - Less than 10 Mg/L S. Solids - Less than 10 Mg/L
COD - Less than 40 Mg/L COD - Less than 30 Mg/L
Oil & Grease - Less than 5 Mg / L Oil & Grease - Less than 5 Mg / L
*KLD - Kilolitres per Day
*Mg/L - milligrams per liter
*BOD5 - Biological oxygen demand
*COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand
Material of Piping

Description Hotel Legends:

Chases Shafts GI : Galvanized Iron

Plumbing System CI : Cast Iron

Domestic Water CPVC/PB CPVC/GI/PB
CPVC : Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride
Hot Water PB PB
uPVC : Polyvinyl chloride High density (external
Flushing Water CPVC CPVC /PB facia of the building)
Soft Water CPVC CPVC /PB
RCC : Reinforce concrete cement
Drainage System
HDPE : High density polyethylene
Soil Water CI CI
Waste Water CI CI PB : Poly butylene

Rain Water N/A C.I/UPVC Note:

External Sewage UPVC/HDPE CI pipes shall also be provided for rainwater down-
Water takes located within the core of the building (due to fire
External Storm Water UPVC/HDPE regulation)
BASEMENT-2

Location of water storage tanks

NET CASE STUDY
HOTEL VIVANTA BY TAJ,
WHITEFILED CASE STUDY
• VIVANTA, inspired from “Bon Vivant,” speaks of style, sophistication and refinement.
• The word symbolizes life and being alive.
• VIVANTA can be associated with vitality, all that is vivacious and vivid in character.
• Its identity is sophisticated, hand- crafted and contemporary.

INTRODUCTION
• A 200 Bedded Hotel, Standing at the main entrance to the International Tech Park, Bangalore (ITPB).
• Located 45 km away from the Airport, 18 km away from the CBD of the city.
• Gateway statement between the IT Park and the developing city around it.
• Architects: WOW Architects |Warner Wong Design
• Location: Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
• Collaborator: Spazzio Design Architecture
• Client: The Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL)
• Area: 19638.0 sq.m
• Project Year: 2009
• Photographs: Aaron Pocock

SITE LOCATION
As a part ofthe it park in Whitefield, Bangalore
Airport to Whitefield is 45kms 90mins Central station to Whitefield 18kms 80mins
CONCEPT
*Landscaper over skyscraper – Mobius Strip
*Designed as a flowing land-scrapper that blends earth to sky
*Spaces flow and connect to each other encouraging exchange and interaction.
The building embraces Bangalore’s culture and climate, adopting a site-specific landscape strategy that plays on
relationships between interior and exterior spaces. Public and private spaces interweave in an endless promenade of
spatial experiences with culturally distinctive cinematic qualities that allude to the circling and twisting of traditional Indian
dance forms. The resulting seamless experience dissolves not only the boundaries between the inside and outside of the
hotel but also the stigma of a five-star hotel’s inherent social and cultural status, encouraging casual interactions and
exchanges between hotel guests and locals within its public promenade.
Constraints prescribed by the low height restrictions and the high site coverage in the urban design guidelines were
resolved through a ‘landscraper’ (as opposed to ‘skyscraper’) concept. To maximize the high site coverage, the ground
plane of the site was conceptually manipulated into a mobius strip that would constitute the podium of the hotel. The
twists and folds of the strip extend the perception of space. As the landscape is introduced back to the folded ground
plane, the podium seemingly dematerialises, blurring the distinction between architecture, interior and landscape. The
three-storey room block then extrudes from the ground plane, hovers above and flexes its way around the site, lifting its
way mid-air to enclose 200 rooms within its form.
MATERIAL
• Workmanship defects embraced – raw rustic look
• Bush-Hammer finish; enhancing or hide the texture of exposed concrete
• In places where conc. is inappropriate– stone or timber paneling
• ‘Flux lines’ embedded in concrete interior and exterior – symbolize brand, avoid/conceal expansion joints
• All local materials to avoid carbon expenditure
• Ground plane becomes green roof
• Highly reflective glass with dark and light tinted ones – save energy
SERVICES
• Linen Room which accommodates 4 rotations of clothes
• Support Kitchen – Major Storage and preliminary cutting
• In house doctor – doctor for one hour and on on-call
• Departments – Dean – Finance – Sales – Food and Beverage – Learning and development – Security – Front office/
Reception
• LT/HT, HVAC in the huge machinery room in the basement.
• Fire exits
• Waste water treatment room
PLANTS AND MACHINERY
• Screw Chillers – 250Tr X 03 No's – Kirloskar
• Dg Set’s – 750 Kva X 02 No’s – Cummins
• Transformers – 1000 Kva X 02 No’s
• HotWater Boilers – 2 Lacs K. Calories Per Hour
• 10 Kl Per Hour – Ro Plant ForWaterTreatment
• SewageTreatment Plant – 200 Kl Per Day

SUSTAINABLE MEASURES
• Water Savings Initiatives – 80% use of recycle water within hotel premises i.e. irrigation, Flushing and cooling towers –
Flow control device inWater taps for guest rooms. – Touch less Sensor water taps in lockers
• Energy Savings Initiatives – Motion Sensors in Public area toilets – Timers On External Lighting – 5 KW Solar Panel
commissioned last year which supply fire exits lights for entire hotel. – In process to replace 12 v, 50 w halogen with 7 watt
LED in guest room . 40% LED’s has already been fixed and rest will be done by March 2016.

WATER USAGE
• Basement – 3 tanks
• Roof – 7 tanks
• 150L/C/D
• 9 kitchens – 1000L/hr
• Total usage – 48000 KL/day
AWARDS AND CERTIFICATIONS CERTIFIATIONS
• Certified for ISO 22000ValidTILL 2017
• Food handlers test / Hygiene audits by Diversey
• Earth check Gold certification
• Certificate of excellence through trip advisor
• Leaf Design awards for the best commercial buildingWorld Wide 2012
• Singapore President’s Design award for Hotel Design
• Travel and LeisureAward 2011-Top 2 Hotels in India,
• Best in Bangalore forWomen BusinessTraveler
• Today’sTraveler Award for Best New Age Service Design in Hospitality 2011
• HA+D Award for Design Excellence in Hotel Architecture 2010
• Building of the year (SIA)Architectural DesignAwards 2010
• Architecture DesignAward , Singapore Institute of Architects Awards
• InteriorsAward Commercial Projects (SIA) |Design S, Push Showcase, Special Mention 2010
• IAD Best Architect , Hospitality 2009
• IAD best Interior designer 2009
• Trip Advisor top 10 trendiest hotels 2012| Awards and Accolades
HOTEL JW MARRIOTT
CASE STUDY
LOCATED JUST A 7MINS DRIVEWAY FROM THE DELHI INTERNATIONAL ARPORT, JW MARRIOTT HOTEL NEW DELH AEROCITY
FEATURES A FULL SERVICE SPA, 5 FOOD AND BEVERAGE OUTLETS AND AN OUTDOOR SWIMMINGPOOL. IT HAS A FITNESS
CENTRE AND 24HRS FRONT DESK. IT BOASTS OF 24,000 SQ.FT OF FLEXIBLE EVENT AND MEETING SPACE. IT CONTAINS 482
ROOMS, 29 SUITES, 9 MEETING ROOMS AND 6,329.2 SQ.FT OF TOTAL MEETING SPACE WHEREAS ACCESSIBLE GUEST
ROOMS HAVE A 32 IN WIDE OPENING.

- 6 STOREYS ABOVE GROUND AND 3 BASEMENT LEVEL

- THE UPPER FLOORS (GUEST ROOMS & FOH SPACES)
- LOWER LEVEL FOR BOH (B1,B2,B3)
- B2 & B3 PRIMARILY PARKING, ALSO INCLUDED SERVICES
- B1 AT GROUND LEVEL, SERVICE AREAS WITH A WORKING RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER FOH SPACES

AMONG SEVERAL ON-SITE RESTAURANTS, INCLUDING ALL DAY DINING, K3 AND MODERN JAPENESE AT AKIRA BACK ARE
SPECIALITY RESTAURANTS IN THE HOTEL. THERE’S A QUEEN SPA AND AN ALL WEATHER OUTDOOR POOL. THERE ARE
SEVERAL LOUNGES AND BAR AND TRUMP TOWERS ARE BEING COMING UP IN THE HOTEL ITSELF.
PRESIDENTIAL SUITE - BEDROOM
KING GUEST ROOM
LUXURY SUITE
PRESIDENTIAL SUITE LIVING AREA