Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals

Chapter 7 Registers and

Register Transfers
Part 1 Registers, Microoperations and
Implementations

Overview
Part 1 - Registers, Microoperations and
Implementations

Registers and load enable

Register transfer operations
Microoperations - arithmetic, logic, and shift
Microoperations on a single register
Multiplexer-based transfers
Shift registers

Part 2 - Counters, Register Cells, Buses, & Serial

Operations
Part 3 Control of Register Transfers

Registers
Register
a collection of binary storage elements
included a set of flip-flop
n-bit register store n-bit binary information

Frequently used to perform simple data

storage and data movement and
processing operations

7-1 Register and Load Enable

Register with load enable
by clock gating

7-1 Register and Load Enable

Register with load enable

directly through input

7-2 Register transfer

Large digital systems are hard to be designed by using state
table in Chap. 5
Large digital systems are often designed by modular,
hierarchical approach
Large digital systems are partitioned into two types of
modules

Datapath: performs data-processing operations

Control unit: determine the sequence of those operations

7-2 Register transfer

The registers are assumed to be basic
components of the digital system
Register transfer operation: movement
on the data stored in register and the
processing performed on the data
Three basic components
The set of registers in digital systems
The operations performed on the data
Control on the sequence of operations

7-3 Register Transfer Operations

Notation for register: uppercase letters
(sometime followed by numbers)

AR: address register

PC: program counter
IP: instruction register
R2: the register 2

7-3 Register Transfer Operations

Data transfer from a register to another one
R2 R1

Data transfer with conditions

If (K1=1) then (R2 R1)
K1: R2 R1

Hardware implementation

7-3 Register Transfer Operations

More register transfer operation executed at the same time:

K3: R2 R1, R1 R2

7-4 A note for VHDL and Verilog

7-5 Microoperation
An elementary operations performed on
data stored in registers or in memory.
Transfer
Arithmetic
Logic: perform bit manipulation on data in
register
Bitwise AND, Bitwise OR .

Shift

Arithmetic Microoperations

Arithmetic Microoperations
X K1 : R 1 R 1 R 2
X K1 : R 1 R 1 R 2 1

The control variable

X
selects
the
operation, and the
control variable K1
loads the result in to
R1.

Fig. 7.6
Implementation