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50
Electronically
Controlled Air
Suspension (ECAS)
for Trucks
Maintenance Manual No. 36
Issued 7-99
ECAS System for 6 x 2 and 6 x 4 Vehicles
with Rear Air Suspensions
Service Notes
Service Notes
This maintenance manual describes the correct service and repair procedures for Meritor WABCOs
Electronically Controlled Air Suspension (ECAS) for Trucks. This manual describes the ECAS system for
6 x 2 and 6 x 4 vehicles with rear air suspensions. The information contained in this manual was current
at the time of printing and is subject to change without notice or liability.
You must follow your company procedures when you service or repair equipment or components.
You must understand all procedures and instructions before you begin to work on a unit. Some
procedures require the use of special tools for safe and correct service. Failure to use special tools when
required can cause serious personal injury to service personnel, as well as damage to equipment
and components.
Meritor WABCO uses the following notations to warn the user of possible safety problems and to provide
information that will prevent damage to equipment and components.
WARNING
A WARNING indicates a procedure that
you must follow exactly to avoid serious
personal injury.
CAUTION
A CAUTION indicates a procedure that
you must follow exactly to avoid damaging
equipment or components. Serious personal
injury can also occur.
How to Order
Call Meritors Customer Service Center at
800-535-5560.
Table of Contents
Section 1:
Introduction
Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
ECAS System Overview
ECAS Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
Height Sensor
Solenoid Valve Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Vehicle Speed Sensor
Lamps
Switches
Remote Control Unit
Section 2: Operation
System Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Automatic Height Control
Load Transfer (6 x 2 Trucks)
Remote Control Operation
Section 1
Introduction
Contents
Section 1
Introduction
D
VERSION
ABS
Figure 1.1
6
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
Section 1
Introduction
ECAS Components
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
The ECU, Figure 1.2, contains a microprocessor,
memory, input conditioners and output drivers.
A 35-pin connector links the ECU with other ECAS
components, the vehicles communication datalink
and, depending upon the ECAS generation, with
the ABS/ATC ECU, an additional speed sensor and
the stop light switch.
Height Sensor
A height sensor, mounted on the chassis, provides
the ECU with a chassis height signal that
determines the distance between the chassis and
the axle. The sensor housing contains a coil in
which an armature is moved up and down. The
armature is connected to a lever which is attached
to the drive axle housing by a linkage rod. When
the distance between the chassis and the axle
changes, the lever turns, causing the armature to
move into or out of the coil within the sensor. This
modifies the signal produced by sensor. Figure 1.3.
Figure 1.2
Figure 1.3
HEIGHT
SENSOR
LEVER
Section 1
Introduction
Solenoid Valve Unit
Lamps
Switches
Either a three-position dash switch or two separate
dash switches allow the operator to set the ECAS
system to perform either automatic load transfer,
driver activated load transfer or no load transfer.
A stop light switch signals the ECU when the
brakes are applied.
D
VERSION
ABS
Notes
Section 2
Operation
System Functions
Section 2
Operation
REAR AXLE
PRESELECTION
LIGHT
MEMORY
LEVEL 1
RAISE
LOWER
REAR AXLE
PRESELECTION
MEMORY
LEVEL 2
NORMAL
LEVEL
STOP
Axle Preselection
Before the remote control can be used, the rear
axle must be selected for activation. Pushing the
rear axle preselection key enables the level control
for this axle. An acknowledgment light on the
remote control indicates that the axle is selected.
Pressing the rear axle preselection key a second
time will disable remote control and turn off the
acknowledgment light.
Normal Height
Pressing the normal height key will immediately
return the chassis height to the programmed
normal level.
5
Section 2
Operation
Setting and Selecting
Memory Levels
M1
M2
STOP Key
STOP
REAR AXLE
PRESELECTION
LIGHT
REAR AXLE
PRESELECTION
MEMORY
LEVEL 1
MEMORY
LEVEL 2
NORMAL
LEVEL
RAISE
STOP
LOWER
Section 3
Troubleshooting and Testing
Section 3
Troubleshooting
and Testing
WARNING
To prevent serious eye injury, always wear safe
eye protection when you perform vehicle
maintenance or service.
All personnel must be clear of the vehicle before
you begin to troubleshoot ECAS. Serious personal
injury can result when the vehicle frame moves up
and down.
ABS Faults
ECU WIRING
CONNECTOR
Section 3
Troubleshooting and Testing
Test Instructions
NOTE: Refer to the Volt-ohmmeter (VOM)
manufacturers manual for VOM operating
instructions.
The following information applies to the tests
presented in the Test Adaptor Guide table on the
following pages.
1. Before you perform any of the steps listed in
the Test Adaptor Guide:
r Check the Ignition Status column of the
table. The vehicles ignition may be required
to be either in the ON or OFF position. The
engine does not have to be running.
r Check that the air system pressure reading
is between the compressor cut-in and
cut-out pressure.
2. Set the VOM to the appropriate setting that will
accommodate the expected readings listed in
the Measurement or Reaction column of
the table.
3. For each step in the Test Adaptor Guide,
compare the VOM reading or reaction with the
acceptable values or reactions listed in the
Measurement or Reaction column. Write
down the results of your comparisons.
4. Repair or replace wiring or components when
a meter reading or reaction is different than
that listed in the Measurements or Reaction
column of the Test Adaptor Guide.
5. Disconnect the test adaptor.
r If the ignition is ON from previous testing,
turn it OFF before you disconnect the test
adaptor.
r Reconnect the 35-pin connector to the ECU.
Section 3
Troubleshooting and Testing
Test Adaptor Guide
ECAS Power Supply
Step
Check
Ignition
Status
Voltage to ECU
Voltage to ECU
Adaptor
Pins
Measurement or
Reaction
Possible Cause of
Malfunction
ON or OFF 1 and 27
9-15 volts DC
r Blown fuse
ON
9 and 27
9-15 volts DC
OFF
9 and 27
0 volts DC
Step
Check
Ignition
Status
Adaptor
Pins
Measurement or
Reaction
Possible Cause of
Malfunction
Indicator lamp
OFF
9 and 23
Greater than
30 ohms
r Defective bulb/LED
r Switch broken or
defective
ON or OFF 7 and 27
0 volts DC
ON or OFF 7 and 27
9-15 volts DC
r Wiring to stoplight
switch
OFF
17 and 27
Greater than
30 kilo ohms
r Switch broken or
defective
OFF
17 and 27
0-2 ohms
r Wiring to stoplight
switch
Connection to ABS
ECU (C version only)
OFF
16 on
ECAS and
12 on ABS
0-2 ohms
C
VERSION
ABS
r Interrupted wiring
between ECAS ECU and
ABS ECU
Section 3
Troubleshooting and Testing
Test Adaptor Guide (Cont.)
ECAS Height and Speed Sensors
Step
Check
Height sensor
resistance
Ignition
Status
Adaptor
Pins
Measurement or
Reaction
Possible Cause of
Malfunction
OFF
25 and 27
100-140 ohms
Speed sensor
resistance
(C version only)
OFF
20 and 22
800-2,000 ohms
r Sensor connector
C
VERSION
ABS
Speed sensor
resistance to ground
(C version only)
OFF
20 and 27
22 and 27
Greater than
30,000 ohms
C
VERSION
ABS
r Defective sensor
ECAS Valve
Step
Check
10
10
Ignition
Status
Adaptor
Pins
Measurement or
Reaction
Possible Cause of
Malfunction
OFF
13 and 27
15 and 27
30 and 27
15-25 ohms
r Interrupted wiring
between ECU and valve
connector
If vehicle is not
equipped with
load transfer, no
reading needs to
be done between
pins 30 and 27.
Section 3
Troubleshooting and Testing
WABCO Diagnostic Controller
Failure Memory
If faults are present in the ECAS system, they are
displayed in clear text on the controller screen.
Also shown are the number of times the fault has
occurred and whether the fault is currently
present. A displayed fault that is not currently
present represents an intermittent malfunction.
Calibration
This function allows recalibration of the ECAS
system when components (particularly the ECU or
a sensor) are replaced.
Figure 3.3
1
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
DIAGNOSTIC CONTROLLER
PROGRAM CARD
35-PIN MEASURING ADAPTOR
MULTIMETER CABLE, BLACK
MULTIMETER CABLE, RED
CONNECTING CABLE (SAE 1587)
6
5
4
11
Notes
12
Section 4
Component Replacement
Component Removal
and Installation
Section 4 Replacement
Component
WARNING
To prevent serious eye injury, always wear safe
eye protection when you perform vehicle
maintenance or service.
All personnel must clear of the vehicle before you
begin to troubleshoot ECAS. Serious personal
injury can result when the vehicle frame moves up
and down.
WARNING
Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the
wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving.
Support the vehicle with safety stands. Do not
work under a vehicle supported only by jacks.
Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury
can result.
ECU Replacement
Removal
WARNING
Park the vehicle on a level surface. To prevent
serious personal injury, block the wheels to
prevent the vehicle from moving.
WARNING
Release all air from the suspension system before
you remove any components. Pressurized air can
cause serious personal injury.
Removal
Installation
1. Install ECU in the cab.
13
Section 4
Component Replacement
Figure 4.1
OVERHEAD VIEW
1
Removal
WARNING
Park the vehicle on a level surface. Block the
wheels to prevent the vehicle from moving.
Support the vehicle with safety stands. Do not
work under a vehicle supported only by jacks.
Jacks can slip and fall over. Serious personal injury
can result.
The ECAS height sensor is mounted between the
chassis and the drive axle housing. Figure 4.2.
1 SOLENOID VALVE
2 BRACKET
3 WIRE
Installation
1. Attach the new solenoid valve to the
mounting bracket.
Installation
Section 4
Component Replacement
Figure 4.2
5
3
1 AXLE
2 LINKAGE ROD
3 LEVER
4 SENSOR
5 BRACKET
6 CHASSIS
15
Notes
16
Section 5
System Configuration Layouts
6.3
HEIGHT
SENSOR
TAG
AXLE
SOLENOID
VALVE
26
31
22
RIGHT
DRIVING
AXLE
LEFT
DRIVING
AXLE
CONNECTOR
PLUG
6.4 6.2
13 15
6.1
30
TAG
AXLE
25 27
STOP
M1
REMOTE
CONTROL
UNIT
1
TRACTION HELP
BATTERY
12V
23
17 16
C-VERSION
ABS/ATC (PIN 12)
16 AMPS
34 33 18
7 9
5 AMPS
IGNITION KEY
BRAKE LIGHT SWITCH
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
TRACTION HELP
FAILURE INDICATION
WARNING LEVEL
E. G.
DIAGNOSIS A
SAE/TMC J 1587 DIAGNOSTIC CONTROLLER
446 300 320 0
DIAGNOSIS B
M2
CLOCK
35 21
DATA
CRUISE CONTROL
20 22 4
ECAS ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT (ECU) 446 055 045 0 OR 446 055 093 0 (12 V)
6 X 2 SYSTEM
C VERSION ABS
Section 5
17
18
34 33 18
7 9
+
12V
17 16 23
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
M1
M2
CLOCK
STOP
35 21
DATA
CRUISE CONTROL
TRACTION HELP STOP
TRACTION HELP
BATTERY
16 AMPS
5 AMPS
TRACTION HELP
FAILURE INDICATION
WARNING LEVEL
CONNECTED TO
SAE/TMC J 1587
DATA LINK
26
31
TAG
AXLE
REMOTE
CONTROL
UNIT
SOLENOID
VALVE
HEIGHT
SENSOR
TAG
AXLE
22
RIGHT
6.3
CONNECTOR
PLUG
DRIVING
AXLE
6.4 6.2
13 15
LEFT
6.1
30
DRIVING
AXLE
25 27
6 X 2 SYSTEM
D VERSION ABS
Section 5
System Configuration Layouts
20 22 4
2 34 33
+
12V
23
REMOTE
CONTROL
UNIT
5 AMPS
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
MAXIMUM 5 WATTS
M1
M2
CLOCK
STOP
35 21
DATA
CRUISE CONTROL
BATTERY
16 AMPS
IGNITION KEY
FAILURE INDICATION
WARNING LEVEL
E. G.
DIAGNOSIS A
SAE/TMC J 1587 DIAGNOSTIC CONTROLLER
446 300 320 0
DIAGNOSIS B
25 27
REAR AXLE
REAR AXLE
LEFT
SOLENOID
VALVE
CONNECTOR
PLUG
31
HEIGHT
SENSOR
6.4
6.3
6.2
13 15
ECAS ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT (ECU) 446 055 045 0 OR 446 055 093 0 (12 V)
6 X 4 SYSTEM
C OR D VERSION ABS
RIGHT
REAR AXLE
REAR AXLE
Section 5
System Configuration Layouts
19
Meritor WABCO
Vehicle Control Systems
2135 West Maple Road
Troy, MI 48084 USA
800-535-5560
www.meritorauto.com
Information contained in this publication was in effect at the time the publication was approved for
printing and is subject to change without notice or liability. Meritor WABCO reserves the right to
revise the information presented or discontinue the production of parts described at any time.
Copyright 1999
Meritor WABCO
All Rights Reserved