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Valiaho
there exists
pq
p implies q / if p, then q
pq
for all
p if and only if q /p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent
2. Sets
xA
x
/A
AB
A contains B / B is a subset of A
AB
A is contained in B / A is a subset of B
AB
A\B
AB
AB
3. Real numbers
x+1
x plus one
x1
x minus one
x1
xy
xy / x multiplied by y
(x y)(x + y)
x
y
x minus y, x plus y
x=5
x equals 5 / x is equal to 5
x 6= 5
x over y
xy
x 6 y
x>y
x is greater than y
xy
x<y
x is less than y
xy
0<x<1
0x1
|x|
mod x / modulus x
x3
x cubed
x4
xn
xn
3
x
4
x
n
x
(x + y)
x 2
y
n!
n factorial
x hat
x bar
x tilde
xi
n
X
ai
the sum from i equals one to n ai / the sum as i runs from 1 to n of the ai
i=1
4. Linear algebra
kxk
OA
OA
AT
A1
OA / vector OA
5. Functions
f (x)
f x / f of x / the function f of x
f :ST
a function f from S to T
x 7 y
f 0 (x)
f 00 (x)
f 000 (x)
f (4) (x)
f
x1
2f
x21
Z
lim
x0
lim
lim
x+0
x0
loge y
ln y
Individual mathematicians often have their own way of pronouncing mathematical expressions and in many cases there is no generally accepted correct pronunciation.
Distinctions made in writing are often not made explicit in speech; thus the sounds f x may
ax + b and
ax + b
an 1
and an1
The primary reference has been David Hall with Tim Bowyer, Nucleus, English for Science
and Technology, Mathematics, Longman 1980. Glen Anderson and Matti Vuorinen have
given good comments and supplements.
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