3.

044 MATERIALS PROCESSING

LECTURE 11

Solidication of Multicomponent Liquids

single component system: single Tm

multicomponent system: solidify over a range of T

Date: March 19th, 2012.

1

LECTURE 11

1. Assume: equilibrium solidication (rapid diusion in both liquid and solid)

3.044 MATERIALS PROCESSING

Key Lesson: phase transformations push solute around

Conservation of Solute:

Lever Rule: c0 = fs cs + fl
2. More realistic assumption:
diusion is fast in liquid and non-existent in
cl
solid

LECTURE 11

3.044 MATERIALS PROCESSING

Solute Balance:

(cl cs ) dfs = fl dcl

(cl cs) dfs = (1 fs) dcl
dfs
dcl
=
1 fs
cl cs
B.C.

@ fs = 0 : cl = c0 & cs = cs,1

Dene k : partition coecient

k=

cs
cl

LECTURE 11

from phase diagram, k describes the width of a 2-phase eld

k is a materials constant if and only if the solidus and liquidus are lines
rst solid to form is of composition cs,1
cs,1 = kc0
c

= cs,1 =
kc0

Solve: Non-Equilibrium Lever Rule

or
cS = kc0(1 (k1)
cl = c0fl
fs)
(k1)
The Non-Equilibrium
Lever Rule applies
to stirred liquids,
rapid diusion in liquid, slow solid diusion

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3.044 Materials Processing

Spring 2013

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