JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324
Name:___Bilal Kucukyilmaz______

Date: __7/05/2015_________

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

Waxman, H., Boriack, A., & Lee, Y. (2013). Principals Perceptions of the Importance of
Technology in Schools. 187-196. Retrieved July 5, 2015, from
http://www.cedtech.net/articles/43/433.pdf
INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):
What are principals perceptions of the importance of technology?
Do principals perceptions of technology differ by years of experience and gender?
Purpose of the research:
Main purpose of this article is to find out if attitudes of school principals` towards
technology in classrooms make a difference in graduation rate and academic
achievement.
METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants: 310 principals (126 males and 184 females)

Procedures: The principals` responded to a cognitive interview questionnaire
Data Collection Methods/Data Source: The participants responses were read
several times to become familiar with the data. The data was then coded into meaningful
categories. Once the categories were established, another researcher independently coded
a 10% sample of responses to determine the consistency of the coding. The inter-coder
reliability results revealed a high level of agreement (Cohens kappa = .94).

Data Analysis:
Major Function of Technology (n=310) %
Communication 34.5
Instruction 27.7
Data sharing and management 13.6
Resource 14.5
Administrative tasks 10.0
Student learning 9.7
Note. Percentages do not add up to 100 since some responses were in more than one
category.
RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article):

When examining the major functions of technology by gender, the highest percentage of
males and females discussed using technology for communication (33% and 36%,
respectively). The next highest percentage of males and females felt that technology was
used for instruction (33% and 25%, respectively).

DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):
Many school administrators are novice technology users and have little
experience or training in the knowledge and skills required to be effective technology
leaders (Ertmer, Bai, Dong, Khalil, Park, & Wang, 2002). To help teachers integrate
technology, school leaders need to keep up with the latest technology. Without this
knowledge, administrators find it difficult to help teachers understand the use of
technology in the classroom. Additionally, Paben (2002) indicated that school
leaders visions for their schools must include technology.
Not only administrators but teachers for all subjects have to be trained to
integrate technology into their curriculum in order to maintain higher academic
achievement and performance from students.
REFLECTIONS
Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your
school/work):

My opinion about the topic stayed the same before during and after reading the article.
Technology has to be incorporated into our lesson plans. Technology is progressing with

the speed of the light nowadays, and it is used for many fields of career so why not use it
in schools. Some may view technology as distraction and extra waste of founding but it is
obvious that number of educator voting For technology use is increasing rapidly. I liked
the research article and find it very easy reading and factual, with all sources cited and
data numbers given.