Trigonometry Problems

Amir Hossein Parvardi

February 16, 2011

1. Prove that:
2
6
8
cos
+ cos
+ cos
=
13
13
13

13 1
4

6
10
2. Prove that 2 cos 4
is a root of the equation:
19 + cos 19 + cos 19
r

4+

3. Prove that

4+ 4x=x

v
s
u
r
u
t1 1 1 1 1 1
+
+
+ cos 8 = cos
2 2 2 2 2 2

4. Prove that

sin4

 
8

+ sin4

3
8

+ sin4

5
8

+ sin4

7
8

3
2

5. Prove that

cos x cos

x
2

cos

x
4

cos

x
8

sin 2x


16 sin x8

6. Prove that
64 sin 10 sin 20 sin 30 sin 40 sin 50 sin 60 sin 70 sin 80 sin 90 =

3
4

7. Find x if
sin x = tan 12 tan 48 tan 54 tan 72
8. Solve the following equations in R:
sin 9x + sin 5x + 2 sin2 x = 1
cos 5x cos 3x sin 3x sin x = cos 2x

cos 5x + cos 3x + sin 5x + sin 3x = 2 cos

sin x + cos x sin x cos x = 1
sin 2x

4x

3 cos 2x = 2

9. Prove following equations:

sin

2
7

cos

13

+ sin

4
7

+ cos

3
13

k N : cos
sin

+ sin

+ cos

+ sin

= 4 sin

3
2k+1

5
13

+ cos

2k+1

2
7

6
7

sin

3
7

+ cos

7
7
13

sin

+ cos

3
7

+ + cos

1
cot
4

9
13

sin

5
7

+ cos

(2k1)
2k+1

11
13

1
2

10. Show that

cos

2
n

+ cos
+ + cos
= 1.
n
n
n

11.Show that cos a + cos 3a + cos 5a + + cos(2n 1)a =

sin 2na
2 sin a .

12. Show that sin a + sin 3a + sin 5a + + sin(2n 1)a =

sin2 na
sin a .

13. Calculate
(tan 1 )2 + (tan 2 )2 + (tan 3 )2 + . . . + (tan 89 )2 .

14. Prove that cot2

+ cot2 3
7 = 5.

tan 3
7.
7 =

+ cot2

15. Show that tan 7 tan 2

7

2
7

1
2







4
and cos 6
are the roots of an equation of the form
16. cos 2
7 , cos 7
7
ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 where a, b, c, d are integers. Determine a, b, c and d.
*17. Find the value of the sum
r
3

2
+
cos
7

r
3

4
+
cos
7

r
3

cos

6
.
7

18. Solve the equation

2 sin4 x(sin 2x 3) 2 sin2 x(sin 2x 3) 1 = 0.
19. Express the sum of the following series in terms of sin x and cos x.
n
X

k=0



k
(2k + 1) sin x +
2
2

20. Find the smallest positive integer N for which

sin 45

1
1
1
1
+
+ +
=
.

sin 46
sin 47 sin 48
sin 133 sin 134
sin N

21. Find the value of

sin 40 + sin 80
.
sin 110
22. Evaluate the sum
S = tan 1 tan 2 + tan 2 tan 3 + tan 3 tan 4 + + tan 2004 tan 2005.
23. Solve the equation :

3 sin x(cos x sin x) + (2 6) cos x + 2 sin x + 3 2 2 = 0.

24. Let f (x) =

1
sin x
7

. Prove that f (3) + f (2) = f (1).

25. Suppose that real numbers x, y, z satisfy

cos x + cos y + cos z
sin x + sin y + sin z
=
=p
cos (x + y + z)
sin (x + y + z)
3

Prove that
cos (x + y) + cos (y + z) + cos (x + z) = p.

2:

26. Solve for , 0

sin5 + cos5 = 1.
27. For x, y [0, 3 ] prove that cos x + cos y 1 + cos xy.
28. Prove that among any four distinct numbers from the interval (0, 2 ) there
are two, say x, y, such that:
8 cos x cos y cos(x y) + 1 > 4(cos2 x + cos2 y).
29. Let B =

7.

Prove that

tan B tan 2B + tan 2B tan 4B + tan 4B tan B = 7.

30. a) Calculate
4
5
1
6 4 cos 13 4 cos 13 =?
cos 13
b) Prove that
tan

4
3
3
+ 4 sin
= tan
+ 4 sin
13
13
13
13

tan

2
6
5
2
+ 4 sin
= tan
+ 4 sin
13
13
13
13

c) Prove that

31. Prove that if , are angles of a triangle and cos2 + cos2 (1 + tan tan ) =
2, then + = 90 .

32. Let a, b, c, d [ 2 , 2 ] be real numbers such that sin a+sin b+sin c+sin d = 1

and cos 2a + cos 2b + cos 2c + cos 2d 10

3 . Prove that a, b, c, d [0, 6 ]
33. Find all integers m, n for which we have sinm x + cosn x = 1, for all x.
34. Prove that tan 55 tan 65 tan 75 = tan 85 .
35. Prove that

4 cos 12 +4
cos 36 +1
3

= tan 78 .

36. Prove that

v
v
u
s
u
u
r
u


q
u

t
6
10
4
t
+ cos
+ cos
.
4 + 4 + 4 4 + 4 + 4 = 2 cos
19
19
19
The signs: + + + + + + + +
37. For reals x, y Prove that cos x + cos y + sin x sin y 2.
38. Solve the equation in real numbers
r

7+2

7 2 7 2x = x.

39. Let A, B, C be three angles of triangle ABC. Prove that

(1 cos A)(1 cos B)(1 cos C) cos A cos B cos C.
40. Solve the equation
sin3 (x) cos3 (x) = sin2 (x) .
41. Find Sn =

Pn

k=1

sin2 k for n > 1

42. Prove the following without using induction:

cos x + cos 2x + + cos nx =

n
cos n+1
2 x sin 2 x
.
x
sin 2

43. Evaluate:
sin +

1
1
1
sin 2 + 2 sin 3 + 3 sin 4 +
2
2
2

44. Compute
n1
X

csc

k=1

k
n

45. Prove that

tan +tan +

+tan +

2
n

h


+ +tan +
5

(n1)
n

= n cot n +

n
2

cot + cot +

+ cot +

2
n

h
+ + cot +

(n1)
n

= n cot n.

46. Calculate

22n sin4

n=1

a
.
2n

47. Compute the following sum:

tan 1 + tan 5 + tan 9 + + tan 177 .

48. Show that for any positive integer n > 1,

n1
X

n1
X

cos

n
n
n
2k 2
=
(1 + cos
+ sin
)
n
2
2
2

sin

n
n
n
2k 2
=
(1 + cos
sin
)
n
2
2
2

k=0

k=0

49. Evaluate the product

n
Y

k=1
n
X

tan

k
.
2(n + 1)

(2k 1)
= n for even n.
4n
k=1


n
X
(2k 1)
cot2
51. Prove that
= n(2n 1).
2n
k=1


n
X
k
n(2n 1)(4n2 + 10n 9)
52. Prove that
cot4
=
.
2n + 1
45
50. Prove that,

(1)k1 cot

k=1

53. Let x be a real number with 0 < x < . Prove that, for all natural numbers
is positive.
n, the sum sin x + sin33x + sin55x + + sin(2n1)x
2n1