Calculation of Uncertanity Electrical NABL

NABL 174
NABL
NATIONAL ACCREDITATION
BOARD FOR TESTING AND
CALIBRATION LABORATORIES
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
for
UNCERTAINTY OF
MEASUREMENT IN
ELECTRICAL TESTING
ISSUE NO : 02
ISSUE DATE: 04.10.2004
AMENDMENT NO : 01
AMENDMENT DATE: 05.07.2005
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
NABL acknowledges the keen interest taken by Dr. M. Ramamoorty, Director, Electrical
Research and Development Association (ERDA), Vadodara in guiding and advising the
Committee in preparing this document as Chairman of NABL Technical Committee Electrical
Testing.
NABL also acknowledges the contributions made by the members of the Technical Committee
Electrical Testing in sparing their valuable time for their contribution and expertise in preparing
this document.
NABL would also like to thank the Experts of Central Power Research Institute (CPRI),
Bangalore; Electrical Research and Development Association (ERDA), Vadodara and Institute
for Design of Electrical Measuring Instruments (IDEMI), Mumbai in giving their valuable inputs in
various sections of this document.
Issue 2 is being brought out to harmonise all examples. All examples shown are at confidence
level of approximately 95% and for normal distribution, the coverage factor, k=2.
Dr. Sulbha M. Gupta

Director, NABL & Adviser
Deptt. of Science and Technology
National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02
Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

Issue Date: 04.10.2004
Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: i
AMENDMENT SHEET
Sl
Page
No.
At all
Clause
No.
-
Date of
Amendment made
Amendment
ISO/IEC 17025: 1999 &
05.07.05
Reasons
Implementation
refer-
ISO/IEC 17025 replaced of ISO/IEC
ences
by ISO/IEC 17025: 2005 17025: 2005
Signature
QM
Sd/-
Signature
Director
Sd/-
10

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Last Amend No: 01 Amend Date: 05.07.2005
Page No: ii
CONTENTS
Sl
Page
Title
Acknowledgement
Amendment Sheet
ii
Contents
iii
1.
Introduction
2.
Scope of Document
3.
References
4.
Uncertainty Calculation for Voltage
5.
Uncertainty Calculation for Current
6.
Uncertainty Calculation for Power Loss in Energy Meters
13
7.
Uncertainty Calculation for Tripping Characteristic In MCB
17
8.
Uncertainty Calculation for Transformer
23
9.
Uncertainty Calculation for Power Measurements in 3 Phase
29
Inductor Motor
10.
Technical Committee Members Electrical Testing
35

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: iii
1.
INTRODUCTION
In the broad field of Electrical Engineering, various equipment and systems are used to
cater to the application for Electrical power generation, transmission, distribution,
control, instrumentation, Communication and domestic application. Each one of the
products/ equipment requires a wide variety of tests and hence a need of specialized
testing facility.
The field of Electrical Testing covers tests of an essentially electrical nature performed
on instruments, equipment, appliances, components and materials.
The Specific Criteria for Electrical Testing Laboratories (NABL 104) has been brought
out which deals with the technical issues and serve the purpose of giving all the
necessary action and guidelines for the preparation of application for NABL
Accreditation by the laboratories and conducting assessment by the Technical
Assessors.
As per the requirements of clause 5.4.6 of ISO/ IEC 17025: 2005, the testing
laboratories are required to estimate the Uncertainty of Measurement.
When estimating the Uncertainty of Measurement, all uncertainty components which
are of importance in the given situation shall be taken into account, which shall include
but not be limiting to:
a
reference standards and reference materials with reported uncertainty in the

calibration certificate(s)
method employed
equipment used with reported uncertainty in the calibration certificate(s)
environmental conditions
properties and condition of the item being tested

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 01
Amend Date: 05.07.2005
Page No: 1/ 36
The testing laboratories shall identify all the components of uncertainty and make a
reasonable estimation for all test parameters, and shall ensure that the form of
reporting of the result does not give a wrong impression of the uncertainty. The degree
of rigor needed in an estimation of Uncertainty of Measurement depends on the
requirements of test method, requirements of client and the existence of narrow limits
on which decisions on conformance to a specification are based.
All laboratories will calculate the uncertainty of measurement at 95% confidence level.

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 2/ 36
2.
SCOPE OF DOCUMENT
This document is supplementary to Specific Criteria for Electrical Testing Laboratories
(NABL 104). As per the requirements of clause 5.4.6 of ISO/ IEC 17025: 2005, the
testing laboratories are required to estimate the Uncertainty of Measurement. This
document guides the laboratory to estimate the Uncertainty of Measurement for
Electrical Testing.
A few examples of Uncertainty of Measurement of in the field of Electrical Testing have
been illustrated in this document.

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 01
Page No: 3/ 36
3.
REFERENCES
ISO/ IEC 17025: 2005
1.
General Requirements for the Competence of Testing

and Calibration Laboratories
2.
ISO: 10012: 1992
Quality
Assurance
Requirements
for
Measuring
Equipment
3.
NABL 104
Specific Criteria for Electrical Testing Laboratories
4.
NABL 141
Guidelines
for
Estimation
and
Expression
of
Uncertainty in Measurement
5.
NABL 142
Policy
on
Calibration
and
Traceability
Measurements
6.
NABL 151
Application Form for Testing Laboratories
7.
NABL 160
Guide for Preparing a Quality Manual

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 01
Page No: 4/ 36
of
Sample 1
UNCERTAINTY CALCULATION
FOR
VOLTAGE
Product
MCB, 32 A, 240/ 415V, Single pole
Test
Short circuit test of MCB
Equipment used
Digitizer with Amplifier
Range used for calibration
62.5 1000 Volt
Accuracy
0.16 % of Reading
Uncertainty of Digitizer with Amplifier from

its calibration certificate
0.281 %
Resolution
0.0001 Volt
Reading No.
Voltage (Volts)
1
2
3
4
5
250.2
250.3
250.1
250.2
250.3
Type A Evaluation
Mean Rdg. (Volts)
250.22 Volts (R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5
Standard deviation
0.0836 Volts
Std. uncertainty Ur
0.0374 Volts Standard Deviation/ sqrt(5)
Degree of freedom
V1 = 5-1 = 4
Std. uncertainty (% Ur)
0.0149 %
Ur *100/ Mean Reading

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 5/ 36
Type B Evaluation
1.
Uncertainty of Digitizer with Amplifier from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal
and the coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
U1(%)
= A1/ 2
= 0.281/ 2
= 0.141 %
U1
= 0.141 * 250.22 * 0.01
= 0.352 Volts
Estimate
= 0.281* 250.22 * 0.01
= 0.703 Volts
Degree of freedom V2 = infinity
2.
Accuracy of Digitizer with Amplifier from its calibration certificate
A2
= 0.16 % of reading =
0.16 * 250.22 * 0.01 = 0.400 Volts = Estimate
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty = U2 = A2/ sqrt(3)

U2
= 0.231 Volts
% U2
= 0.0924 %
U2 * 100/ Mean Reading
3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Team Pro software = U3
A3
= 0.0001/ 2
= 0.00005 Volts
= Estimate
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty = U3 =A3/ sqrt(3)

U3
0.000028 Volts
% U3
0.0000115 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 6/ 36
Combined standard uncertainty (Uc)

Uc
= sqrt(Ur*Ur)+(U1*U1)+(U2*U2)+(U3*U3)
Uc
0.423 Volts
% Uc
0.169 %
Uc * 100/ Mean Reading
Effective degrees of freedom (Veff) =

Veff
Veff
Veff
Veff
(Uc)4
-------------------------------------------------------------------(U1)4
(U2)4
(U3)4
(Ur)4
------+
------ +
------ +
------V2
V3
V4
V1
(0.169)4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------(0.0149)4
(0.141)4
(0.0924)4
(0.0000115)4
------------ +
---------+ ------------- + ---------------4
(0.169)4
------------------------(0.0149)4
------------ + 0
4
Expanded Uncertainty at approximately 95% level of confidence, the coverage factor k=2, Thus
U
= k*Uc
= 0.85 Volts
%U
= 0.34 %
= 2 * 0.423 Volts
U * 100/ Mean Reading

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 7/ 36
Uncertainty Budget
Source of
Uncertainty Xi
Estimates Limits
xi
%
Probability
Distribution
Type A or B
Factor
Standard
Uncertainty
(Volts)
Volts
%
Sensitivity
Coefficient
Ci
Uncertainty
Contribution
Ui (y)
Volts
%
Degree of
freedom Vi
U1
0.281
Normal type
B k=2
0.352
0.141
1.0
0.352
0.141
Infinity
U2
0.16
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.231
0.0924
1.0
0.231
0.0924
Infinity
U3
0.000019
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.000028
0.0000115 1.0
0.000028
0.0000115 Infinity
--
Normal
Type A
0.0374
0.0149
0.0374
0.0149
0.423
0.169
0.423
0.169
Infinity
0.85
0.34
Infinity
Repeatability
(Ur)
250.22
Uc
Expanded
Uncertainty
(U)
k=2
1.0
Reporting of results:
Voltage = 250.22 0.85 Volts

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 8/ 36
Sample 2
FOR
CURRENT
Product
MCCB, 800 A, 415V, Four pole
Test
Short circuit test of MCCB
Equipment used
1) Digitizer with Amplifier

Range used for calibration
0.625 10 Volts
Accuracy
0.19 % of Reading
Uncertainty of Digitizer with Amplifier from its :

calibration certificate
0.281 %
Resolution
0.0001
2) Shunt
Uncertainty of shunt (%) from its calibration
certificate
Reading No.
1.156
Current (kAmp.)
1
2
3
4
5
50.26
50.23
50.28
50.24
50.23
Type A Evaluation
Mean Rdg. (kAmp.)
= 50.248 (kAmp.)
Standard deviation
= 0.0216 (kAmp.)
Std. uncertainty Ur
= 0.00969 (kAmp.)
Degree of freedom
= V1 = 5-1 = 4
= 0.0193 %
(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5
Standard Deviation/ sqrt(5)

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 9/ 36
Type B Evaluation
1.
Uncertainty of Digitizer with Amplifier from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal
and the coverage factor at approximately 95% confidence level is 2
U1(%)
= A1/ 2 = 0.281/2 = 0.141 %
U1
= 0.141 * 50.248 * 0.01 = 0.0708 kAmp.
Estimate
= 0.281 * 50.248 * 0.01 = 0.1412 kAmp.
Degree of freedom V2
= infinity
2.
Digitizer with Amplifier Accuracy from its calibration certificate (Accuracy)
A2
= 0.19% of reading
= 0.19 * 50.248 * 0.01 = 0.09547 kAmp. = Estimate

U2
= 0.0551 kAmp.
% U2
= 0.109 %

3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Team Pro software = U3
A3
= 0.0001/ 2 = 0.00005 kAmp.
= Estimate

U3
0.000028 kAmp.
% U3
0.000057 %

4.
Uncertainty of shunt from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal and the coverage
factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
U4 (%)
= A4/ 2
= 1.156/ 2
= 0.578 %
U4
= 0.578 * 50.248 * 0.01
= 0.290 kAmp.
Estimate
= 1.156 * 50.248 * 0.01
= 0.580 kAmp.

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 10/ 36

Uc
= sqrt(Ur*Ur)+(U1*U1)+(U2*U2)+(U3*U3) )+(U4*U4)
Uc
0.310 kAmp.
% Uc
0.617 %

Veff
Veff
Veff
Veff
(Uc)4
= ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(U1)4
(U2)4
(U3)4
(U4)4
(Ur)4
------+
------ +
------ +
------+
-----V2
V3
V4
V5
V1
(0.617)4
= -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(0.141)4
(0.109)4
(0.000057)4
(0.578)4
(0.0193)4
----------- + ---------- + ---------- + --------------- + -----------4
(0.617)4
= -------------------------(0.0193)4
----------- + 0
4
= 4178028
Expanded Uncertainty for approximately 95 % level of confidence, the coverage factor k=2,
Thus
= 2 * 0.310 kAmp.
= k * Uc
= 0.620 kAmp.
%U
= 1.234 %
U * 100/ Mean Reading

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 11/ 36
Uncertainty Budget
Source of
Uncertainty Xi
Estimates Limits
xi
%
Probability
Distributio
n Type A
or B Factor
Standard
Uncertainty
(Volts)
kAmp.
%
Sensitivity
Coefficient
Ci
Uncertainty
Contribution
Ui (y)
kAmp.
%
Degree of
freedom Vi
U1
0.281
Normal
Type B
2
0.0708
0.141
1.0
0.0708
0.141
Infinity
U2
0.190
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.0551
0.109
1.0
0.0551
0.109
Infinity
U3
0.00005
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.000028
0.000057
1.0
0.000028
0.000057
Infinity
U4
1.156
Normal
Type B
2
0.2963
0.578
1.0
0.2963
0.578
Infinity
--
Normal
Type A
0.00969
0.0193
1.0
0.00969
0.0193
0.310
0.617
0.310
0.617
Infinity
0.620
1.234
Infinity
Repeatability
(Ur)
50.248
Uc
Expanded
Uncertainty (U)
k=2
Current = 50.248 0.620 kAmp.

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 12/ 36
Sample 3
FOR POWER LOSS IN ENERGY METERS
Product
: Static energy meter
Test
: Power loss measurement in Energy Meters
Equipment used
: Digital wattmeter
Range
: 20 Watts
Accuracy
: 0.5 % of Reading
Uncertainty of watt meter from its calibration

certificate
: 0.0953 %
Resolution
: 0.01 Watts
Reading No.
Power loss (Watt)
1
2
3
4
5
0.67
0.68
0.68
0.68
0.68
Type A Evaluation
Mean Rdg.(Watt)
= 0.678 Watt (R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5
Standard deviation
= 0.0044721 Watt
Std. uncertainty Ur
= 0.002 Watt Standard Deviation/ sqrt(5)
Degree of freedom
= V1 = 5-1 = 4
= 0.295 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 13/ 36
Type B Evaluation
1.
Uncertainty of watt meter from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal and the
coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
U1(%)
= A1/ 2 =
0.0953/2
= 0.04765 %
U1
= 0.04765 * 0.678 * 0.01 = 0.323 * 10-3 W
2.
From watt meter specification (Accuracy)
A2
= 0.5% of reading = 0.5 * 0.678/ 100 = 0.00339. Watt = Limit
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty

U2
= 0.00195 watt
% U2
= 0.2876 %
= U2 = A2/ sqrt(3)
3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of watt meter = U3
A3
= 0.01/ 2 = 0.005 Watt. = Limit

U3
= 0.002886 Watt
% U3
= 0.4257 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 14/ 36

Uc
= sqrt(Ur*Ur)+(U1*U1)+(U2*U2)+(U3*U3) = 0.00402
% Uc
0.59 %

Veff
Veff
Veff
(Uc)4
= -------------------------------------------------------------------------(U1)4
(U2)4
(U3)4
(Ur)4
------+
------ +
------ +
------V2
V3
V4
V1
(0.59)4
= -------------------------------------------------------------------------(0.04765)4
(0.2876)4
(0.4257)4
(0.295)4
----------- + ----------- + ---------+ ----------
4
=
64
Expanded Uncertainty for approximately 95% level of confidence, the coverage factor k=2,
Thus
U
= k*Uc = 2* 0.00402 = 0.008 W
%U
= 1.18 %
U* 100/mean Reading

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 15/ 36
Uncertainty Budget
Source of
Uncertainty
Xi
Estimates
xi
Limits
%
Probability
Distribution
Type A or B
Factor
Normal type
B2
Standard
Uncertainty
%
Sensitivity
Coefficient
Ci
Degree of
freedom
Vi
1.0
Uncertainty
Contribution
Ui(y)
%
0.04765
0.04765
U1
0.0953
U2
0.5
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.2876
1.0
0.2876
Infinity
U3
0.7373
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.4257
1.0
0.4257
Infinity
Normal Type A
0.295
1.0
0.295
0.59
64
1.18
Infinity
Repeatability
0.678 W
Uc %
Expanded
Uncertainty
k=2
infinity
Power loss = 0.678
0.008 Watt

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 16/ 36
Sample 4
FOR TRIPPING CHARACTERISTIC IN MCB
Product
: MCB, 4 A, WO 956, Sample 3
Test
: Tripping characteristic at 2.55 In as per
IS:8828-1996
Standard used
1) Digital time interval meter

Range used
: 99.99 seconds
Accuracy
: 0.5 % of Reading
Uncertainty of time interval meter from its

: 0.015 %
Resolution
: 0.01
2) Current transformer (CT)

Range used
: 20/ 5 A
Accuracy
: 0.2 % of Reading

: 0.092 %
3) Digital AC Ammeter
Range used
: 0-10 A
Accuracy
: 0.5 % of Reading

: 0.0281 %
Resolution
: 0.01
Reading No.
Tripping time seconds
1
2
3
4
5
18.01
18.26
18.76
18.68
18.16

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 17/ 36
Type A Evaluation
Mean Rdg.(seconds)
= 18.374 seconds
Standard deviation
= 0.329 second
Std. uncertainty Ur
= 0.147 second
Degree of freedom
= V1 = 5-1 = 4
= 0.801 %
(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5
Type B Evaluation
1.
Uncertainty of time interval meter from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal and
the coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
A1
= 0.015 %
U1(%)
= A1/ 2= 0.015/ 2
U1
= 0.0075 * 18.374 * 0.01
= 0.0075 %
= 0.0014 second
2.
From time interval Meter specification (Accuracy)
A2
= 0.5% of reading =
0.5 * 18.3740 * 0.01 =
0.092 seconds

U2
= 0.0531 second
% U2
= 0.289 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 18/ 36
3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Meter = U3
A3
= 0.01/ 2 = 0.005 seconds

U3
= 0.0029 seconds
% U3
= 0.016 %
4.
Uncertainty of CT from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal and the coverage
factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 1.96
= 0.092 %
A4
U4 (%)
= A4/ 2= 0.092/ 2 = 0.046 %
5.
From CT specification (Accuracy)
A5
= 0.2% of reading

% U5
= 0.115 %
6.
Uncertainty of Ammeter from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal and the
coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 1.96
A6
= 0.0281 %
U6(%)
= A6/ 2
= 0.0281/ 2
= 0.141 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 19/ 36
7.
From Ammeter specification (Accuracy)
A7
= 0.5% of reading

% U7
= 0.289 %
8.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Meter = U8
A8
= 0.01/ 2 =
0.005

% U8= 0.005/ sqrt(3)= 0.016 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 20/ 36
Combined standard uncertainty = Uc

Uc
= sqrt(Ur*Ur)+(U1*U1)+(U2*U2)+(U3*U3)+(U4*U4)+(U5*U5)+(U6*U6)+(U7*U7)+(U8*U8)
% Uc =
0.900 %

(Uc)4
Veff
= -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(Ur)4
(U1)4 (U2)4 (U3)4 (U4)4 (U5)4 (U6)4 (U7)4 (U8)4

------ + ------ + ------ + ------ + ------ + ------ + ------ + ------- + -----V1
V2
V3
V4
V5
V6
V7
V8
V9
(0.900)4
= ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(0.801)4 (0.0075)4 (0.289)4 (0.016)4 (0.046)4 (0.115)4 (0.0141)4 (0.289)4 (0.016)4
-------- + ----------- + ---------- + --------- + --------- + ---------- + ---------- + --------- + --------4
(0.900)4
= ----------------------(0.801)4
------------ + 0
4
= 6.375
Expanded Uncertainty for 95% level of confidence, the coverage factor k=2.45,
Thus U = k*Uc = 2.45*0.900
%U
= 2.205 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 21/ 36
Uncertainty Budget
Source of
Uncertainty
Xi
Estimates
xi.
Limits
%
Probability
Distribution
Type A or B
Factor
Standard
Uncertainty
Sensit.
Coefficient
Ci
Uncertainty
Contribution
Ui(y)
Degree of
freedom Vi
U1
0.015
Normal type
B2
0.0075
1.0
0.0075
infinity
U2
0.5
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.289
1.0
0.289
Infinity
U3
0.005
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.016
1.0
0.016
Infinity
U4
0.092
Normal type
B2
0.046
1.0
0.0046
infinity
U5
0.2
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.115
1.0
0.0115
Infinity
U6
0.0281
Normal type
B2
0.0141
1.0
0.0141
infinity
U7
0.5
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.289
1.0
0.289
Infinity
U8
0.5
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.016
1.0
0.016
Infinity
Normal Type A
0.801
1.0
0.801
0.900
6.375
2.205
Infinity
Repeatability
18.374
Uc (seconds)
Expanded
Uncertainty
k = 2.45
Tripping time = 18.374 seconds 2.205 %
= 18.374 0.405 seconds

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 22/ 36
Sample 5
FOR
TRANSFORMER
Product
: Distribution transformer
Test
: Separate Source Voltage Withstand Test
(Power Frequency Voltage Withstand Test)

Standards used
1) Capacitive voltage Divider and peak

voltmeter
Range used for testing
: 0-50 kV
Accuracy
: 0.03 % of FSD
Uncertainty of Capacitive voltage Divider

and peak voltmeter from its calibration
certificate
: 0.0443 %
Resolution
: 0.2 kV
2) Digital Stop watch

Range used for testing
: 0-99.99 sec.
Accuracy
: 0.02 % of RDG
Uncertainty of Digital Stop watch from its

: 0.0146 %
Resolution
: 0.0001
Reading No.
Voltage (kV)
1
2
3
4
5
28
28
28
28
28
Type A Evaluation
Mean Reading (kV.)
28 kV
Standard deviation
Std. uncertainty Ur
0.0
Degree of freedom = V1
51=4
0.0
(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5
Ur * 100/ Mean reading

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 23/ 36
Type B Evaluation
A. Voltage Parameter
1.
Uncertainty of Capacitive voltage Divider and peak voltmeter from its calibration certificate.
A1
= 0.0443 %
The distribution is normal and the coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
U1(%)
= A1/ 2 =
Estimate
= 0.0443 * 28 * 0.01
0.0443/ 2
= 0.02215 %
= 0.0124 kV.

2.
Accuracy of Capacitive voltage Divider and peak voltmeter from its calibration certificate.
=
0.03% of FSD
A2
=
0.03 * 50 * 0.01
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty

U2
0.0086 kV
% U2
0.0086 * 100/ 28
= 0.015 kV
= U2
= A2/ sqrt(3)
= 0.031 %
3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Capacitive voltage Divider and peak voltmeter
= 0.2/ 2 =
0.1 kV = Estimate
A3
A3(%)
= 0.1 * 100/ 28
= 0.357 %
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty = U3 =A3/ sqrt(3)

U3
= 0.0577 kV
% U3
= U3 * 100/ Mean Reading

= 0.0577 * 100/ 28
= 0.206 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 24/ 36

Uc
= sqrt(Ur2+U12+U22+U32)
% Uc =
0.21 %.

Veff
Veff
(Uc)4
= ------------------------------------------------------------------------(U2)4
(U3)4
(Ur)4
(U1)4
------+
------ +
------ +
------V2
V3
V4
V1
=
infinity
Expanded Uncertainty for approximately 95% level of confidence, the coverage factor k=2, Thus
U = k*Uc = 2 * 0.21 %
Total expanded uncertainty for voltage parameter % U = 0.42 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 25/ 36
Type B Evaluation
B. Time Parameter
1.
Uncertainty of Digital Stop watch from its calibration certificate.
= 0.0146 %
A1
The distribution is normal and the coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
U1(%)
= 0.0146/ 2 = 0.0073 %
Estimate = 0.0146 * 60 * 0.01 = 0.00876 sec

= infinity
Degree of freedom V2
2.
Accuracy of Digital Stop watch from its calibration certificate
A2
0.02 % of reading

% U2
Estimate
= 0.02 * 60 * 0.01 = 0.012 sec
0.0115 %
3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Digital Stop watch
A3
= 0.0001/ 2
A3
= 0.00005 * 100/ 60 = 0.000083 %
= 0.00005 sec.
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty = U3

U3
= 0.0000288 sec.
% U3
= U3 *100/ Mean Reading
= Estimate
=A3/ sqrt(3)
= 0.000048 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 26/ 36
Uc
= sqrt(Ur2+U12+U22+U32)
% Uc
= 0.0137 %.
Veff
Veff
(Uc)4
= ------------------------------------------------------------------------(U1)4
(U2)4
(U3)4
(Ur)4
------+
------ +
------ +
------V2
V3
V4
V1
=
infinity
Expanded Uncertainty for approximately 95% level of confidence, the coverage factor k=2, Thus
U
= k * Uc
= 2 * 0.0137 %
Total expanded uncertainty for time parameter % U = 0.0275 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 27/ 36
Uncertainty Budget
A. VOLTAGE PARAMETER
Estimate
Limits %
Probability
distribution
Divisor
std.
uncert.
Sensitivity
Coefficient
U1 ('Uncertainty of
CVD & PVM)
0.04430
Normal
0.02215
0.02215
Infinity
U2 ('Accuracy of
CVD & PVM)
0.03% of
FSD
Rectangular
1.73205
0.031
0.031
Infinity
Source of
uncertainty
Uncertainty
Degree of
Contribution % freedom
U3 (Resolution of
CVD & PVM)
0.2 kV
0.357
Rectangular
1.73205
0.206
0.206
Infinity
Ur (Type-ARepeatability)
28 kV
0.00000
Normal
0.0000
0.0000
0.21
Infinity
0.42
Infinity
Combined std.
Uncertainty (%)
Expanded
uncertainty (%)
k =
Applied Voltage = 28 kV 0.42 %.
B. TIME PARAMETER
Estimate
Source of
uncertainty
Limits
Probability
distribution
Divisor
std.
uncert.
Sensitivity Uncertainty
Coefficient Contribution %
Degree of
freedom
U1 ('Uncertainty of
Stop watch)
0.01460
Normal
0.0073
0.0073
Infinity
U2 ('Accuracy of
stop watch)
0.02000
Rectangular
1.73205
0.0115
0.0115
Infinity
U3 (Resolution of
stop watch)
0.0001 sec 0.000083
Rectangular
1.73205
0.000048
0.000048
Infinity
Normal
1.00000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0137
Infinity
0.0275
Infinity
Ur (Type-ARepeatability)
60 sec
0.00000
Combined std.
Uncertainty (%)
Expanded
uncertainty (%)
k =
Time of Voltage Application = 60 seconds 0.0275 %.

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 28/ 36
Sample 6
UNCERTAINTY CALCULATION FOR VOLTAGE FOR POWER

MEASUREMENTS IN 3 PHASE INDUCTOR MOTOR
Product
3 phase Induction motor
Test
Full load test
Equipment used
Wattmeter-3phase 3 wire
(2 wattmeter method)
Accuracy
Current Transformer
Current Transformer
Wattmeter
0.5
Uncertainty from calibration report
Wattmeter
0.0953 %
Resolution
Current transformer
Current transformer
Wattmeter
0.092 %
0.092 %
1W
CT Ratio
15/ 5 =
No. of Observation
Reading No.
1
2
3
4
5
Measured Power
(Wattmeter rdg.)
W
3260
3281
3260
3282
3284
Actual Power
(=Wattmeter rdg * CT ratio)
W
9780
9843
9780
9846
9852

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 29/ 36
Type A Evaluation
Mean Rdg. (Wattmeter rdg) =
3273.4 W
Mean Rdg. (Actual Power)
9820.2 W
Standard deviation
36.84 W
Standard Uncertainty Ur
16.475 W
Degree of freedom
V1 = 5-1 = 4
0.168 %
(R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5
Type B Evaluation
1.
Uncertainty of Wattmeter from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal and the
coverage factor for approximately 95% confidence level is 2
A1
= 0.0953 %
U1(%)
= A1/ 2
U1
= 0.048 * 3273.4 * 0.01
= 1.571 W
Estimate
= 0.0953 * 3273.4 * 0.01
= 3.12 W
= 0.0953/ 2
= 0.048 %
2.
Accuracy of Wattmeter from its calibration certificate
A2
= 0.5 %

U2 (%)
= 0.289 %
U2
= 0.289 * 3273.4 * 0.01
= 9.46 W
Estimate
= 0.5 * 3273.4 * 0.01
= 16.367 W

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 30/ 36
3.
Uncertainty due to resolution of Wattmeter
= U3
A3
= 0.5 W
= 1/ 2

U3
= 0.289 W
U3 (%)
= 0.008 %
Estimate
= 0.5 W
4.
Uncertainty of current transformer (755) from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal
A4
= 0.092 %
U4 (%)
= A4/ 2
= 0.092/ 2
= 0.046 %
5.
Ratio error for current transformer (755) from its calibration certificate
A5
= 0.31 %

U5 (%)
= 0.178 %
6.
Uncertainty of current transformer (757) from its calibration certificate. The distribution is normal
A6
= 0.092 %
U6 (%)
= A6/ 2
= 0.092/ 2
= 0.046 %

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 31/ 36
7.
Ratio error for current transformer (757) from its calibration certificate.
A7
= 0.426 %
For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty is =

U7 (%)
U7 = A7/ sprt(3)
= 0.246

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 32/ 36

Uc
= sqrt(Ur*Ur + U1*U1 + U2*U2 + U3*U3 + U4*U4 + U5*U5 + U6*U6 + U7*U7)
% Uc
= 0.459 %

Veff
Veff
Veff
(Uc)4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(U1)4
(U2)4
(U3)4 (U4)4 (U5)4
(U6)4
(U7)4
(Ur)4
------- + ------ + ------ + ------ + ------ + ------- + ------ + ------V2
V3
V4
V5
V6
V7
V8
V1
(0.459)4
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(0.048)4 (0.289)4 (0.008)4 (0.046)4 (0.178)4 (0.046)4 (0.246)4 (0.168)4
----------- + ---------- + ---------- + ---------- + --------- + ---------- + ---------- + --------
222.9
Expanded Uncertainty for approximately 95% level of confidence, the coverage factor k = 2,
Thus
U
= k*Uc
%U
= 0.918 %
= 2 * 0.459

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 33/ 36
Uncertainty Budget
Source of
Uncertainty
Xi
Limits
%
Probability
Distribution
Type A or B
Factor
U1
0.0953
Normal Type
B2
0.048
1.0
0.048
Infinity
U2
0.5
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.289
1.0
0.289
Infinity
0.015
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
U4
0.092
Normal
Type B
2
0.046
1.0
0.046
Infinity
U5
0.31
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.178
1.0
0.178
Infinity
U6
0.092
Normal
Type B
2
0.046
1.0
0.046
Infinity
U7
0.426
Rectangular
Type B
sqrt(3)
0.246
1.0
0.246
Infinity
--
Normal
Type A
0.168
1.0
0.168
0.459
222.9
0.915
Infinity
U3
Repeatability
(Ur)
Estimates
xi
0.03
9820.2
Standard
Uncertainty
U (xi)
%
0.008
Sensitivity
Coefficient
Ci
1.0
Uc
Expanded
Uncertainty
(U)
Uncertainty
Contribution
Ui (y)
Volts
%
k=2
0.008
Degree of
freedom Vi
Infinity
Measured Power
= 9820.2 W 0.918%
9820.2
90.1W

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 34/ 36
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MEMBERS - ELECTRICAL

Sl
Name & Organisation
Capacity
Dr. M. Ramamoorty
Director
Electrical Research & Dev. Association (ERDA),
Opp. Makarpura Village;
P.O. Makarpura Indusrial Area,
Vadodara-390010
Chairman
Dr. A.K. Chakrabarty

Adviser DST and Director NABL
B-4/ B-6 Qutab Hotel Apartments
New Mehrauli Road
New Delhi 110 016
Co-Chairman
Dr. Sachichidanand
Director General
Central Power Research Institute (CPRI)
Prof. Sir C.V. Raman Road,
Sadashivanagar Sub P.O P.B. No. 8066,
Bangalore 560 080
Special Invitee
Dr. K. Ramani
Formerly Principal Director IDEMI &
Presently Regional Co-ordinator NABL
557, Kher Section
Ambernath (E)
Thane Dist.
Maharashtra - 421 501
Member
Sh. P.K. Mukherjee

Director
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS),
Manak Bhavan; 9, Bhadurshah Zafar Marg
New Delhi 110 002
Member
Sh. G.R. Patel
Member
Assistant Vice- President

Asea Brown Boveri Limited (ABB), Maneja Village,
Vadodara - 390 004

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 35/ 36
Sl
Name & Organisation
Capacity
Sh. R.K. Tiwari

Senior Dy. General Manager (TTG)
UHV Laboratory
Bharat Heavy Electrical Ltd. (BHEL), Piplani
Bhopal 462 022
Member
Sh. M. N. Radhakrishna,
Member
Formerly Director, BIS

Balaji Consultancy Services 20/ 1,
4th Main Road, 8th Cross, Malleswaram,
Bangalore - 560 003
9
Sh. S.N. Moorching

Formerly Jt. Director CPRI
Gurukrupa 989;
25th Main, Srinagar Extn.
Bangalore 560094
Member
10
Sh. U.C. Trivedi

Sr. Manager-Energy System
Electrical Research & Dev. Association (ERDA),
Opp. Makarpura Village;
P.O. Makarpura Indusrial Area,
Vadodara-390010
Member
11
Sh. A. Sudhindra
Joint Director, QA Deptt.
Central Power Research Institute (CPRI)
Prof. Sir C.V. Raman Road,
Sadashivanagar Sub P.O P.B. No. 8066,
Bangalore 560 080
Member
12
Sh. Anil Relia

Director DST and Quality Manager NABL
B-4/ B-6 Qutab Hotel Apartments
New Mehrauli Road
New Delhi 110 016
Member
Secretary

Doc. No: NABL 174
Issue No: 02

Amend No: 00
Amend Date: -
Page No: 36/ 36

3rd Floor, NISCAIR
14, Satsang Vihar Marg
New Mehrauli Road
New Delhi 110 067
Tel.: 91-11 26529718 20, 26526864
Fax: 91-11 26529716
Website: www.nabl-india.org

Calculation of Uncertanity Electrical NABL

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Calculation of Uncertanity Electrical NABL

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

NABL 174

Dr. Sulbha M. Gupta

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

ISO/IEC 17025 replaced of ISO/IEC

by ISO/IEC 17025: 2005 17025: 2005

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

Uncertainty Calculation for Voltage

Uncertainty Calculation for Current

Uncertainty Calculation for Power Loss in Energy Meters

Uncertainty Calculation for Tripping Characteristic In MCB

Uncertainty Calculation for Transformer

Uncertainty Calculation for Power Measurements in 3 Phase

Technical Committee Members Electrical Testing

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

Page No: iii

reference standards and reference materials with reported uncertainty in the

equipment used with reported uncertainty in the calibration certificate(s)

properties and condition of the item being tested

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

General Requirements for the Competence of Testing

ISO: 10012: 1992

Specific Criteria for Electrical Testing Laboratories

Application Form for Testing Laboratories

Guide for Preparing a Quality Manual

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

MCB, 32 A, 240/ 415V, Single pole

Short circuit test of MCB

Digitizer with Amplifier

Range used for calibration

62.5 1000 Volt

Uncertainty of Digitizer with Amplifier from

Mean Rdg. (Volts)

250.22 Volts (R1+R2+R3+R4+R5)/ 5

0.0374 Volts Standard Deviation/ sqrt(5)

Std. uncertainty (% Ur)

Ur *100/ Mean Reading

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

= 0.141 * 250.22 * 0.01

= 0.281* 250.22 * 0.01

Degree of freedom V2 = infinity

0.16 * 250.22 * 0.01 = 0.400 Volts = Estimate

For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty = U2 = A2/ sqrt(3)

U2 * 100/ Mean Reading

Degree of freedom V3 = infinity

For rectangular distribution, the standard uncertainty = U3 =A3/ sqrt(3)

U3 * 100/ Mean Reading

Degree of freedom V4 = infinity

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Sample Calculations for Uncertainty of Measurement in Electrical Testing

Combined standard uncertainty (Uc)

Uc * 100/ Mean Reading

Effective degrees of freedom (Veff) =

U * 100/ Mean Reading

National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories

= kUc = 2 0.00402 = 0.008 W