ECS 3361 HMWK 2 Lect. 2_Chap.

2
Value 10 points

Justice Hudson/003

Q1 (2 pts.) What is the difference between morality and

ethics?
Morals/morality is set of rules that can be applied to
everyone in a society (or in the universe). These rules are the
basic establishment of what is right or wrong. Ethics is based
upon examining human actions in the context of moral rules and
examining whether the action (real or theoretical) is fundamentally
right or wrong.
Q2 (2 pts.) Why do businesses and governments often use
utilitarianism to justify their actions?
Governments and businesses often use a utilitarian
framework for justifying actions due to the fact that the majority
runs them. Governments seek to maximize the good for the
majority to protect their constituents and society, and businesses
seek to maximize the good for the most shareholders or
customers. This aligns well with a utilitarian ideology.
Q3 (2 pts.) Describe similarities and differences between
divine command theory and Kantianism.
Kantianism and divine theory are similar in that they define
universal guidelines (rationality for Kantianism, the word of god for
divine command), and have rules without exceptions (god being
the ultimate arbiter, perfect duties). They are very different in that
Kantianism emphasizes good will as the ultimate right in the
world, and considering for yourself whether your action is morally
right. Divine command theory says you must follow the word of
god, regardless of the motives behind your actions, and
unknowing of the rationale behind the gods creation of the laws.

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ECS 3361 HMWK 2 Lect. 2_Chap. 2

Value 10 points

Justice Hudson/003

Q4 (1 pt.) Rules of conduct that are based on values and

describe what people ought and ought not to do in various
situations are called
a) ethics.
b) morality.
c) philosophy.
d) laws.

Q5 (1 pt.) A character trait that prevents a human being from

flourishing or become truly happy is called a
a. fatal attraction.
b. inverse virtue.
c. negative virtue.
d. vice.

Q6 (1 pt.) The idea that social and economic inequalities must be

to the greatest benefit of the least-advantaged members of
society is called
a. capitalism.
b. communism.
c. socialism.
d. utilitarianism.
e. the difference principle.

Q7 (1 pt.) According to Aristotle, moral virtue results from

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ECS 3361 HMWK 2 Lect. 2_Chap. 2

Value 10 points

Justice Hudson/003

a. a good education.
b. living a long life.
c. a happy marriage and loving family.
d. repetition of the appropriate acts.

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