Introduction To Electrical System and Equipment Commissioning

Engineering Encyclopedia
Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards
Introduction To Electrical
System & Equipment Commissioning
Note: The source of the technical material in this volume is the Professional
Engineering Development Program (PEDP) of Engineering Services.
Warning: The material contained in this document was developed for Saudi
Aramco and is intended for the exclusive use of Saudi Aramcos
employees. Any material contained in this document which is not
already in the public domain may not be copied, reproduced, sold, given,
or disclosed to third parties, or otherwise used in whole, or in part,
without the written permission of the Vice President, Engineering
Services, Saudi Aramco.
Chapter : Electrical
File Reference: EEX30101
For additional information on this subject, contact

W. A. Roussel on 874-1320
Electrical
Introduction to Electrical System & Equipment Commissioning
CONTENTS
PAGES
Commissioning Definitions .......................................................................1

Purpose Of Commissioning......................................................................2
Equipment Commissioning Standards And Practices..............................3
Complete Electrical Commissioning Cycle.............................................15
Deficiency Resolution Process...............................................................20
Glossary .................................................................................................23
Electrical
COMMISSIONING DEFINITIONS
This section of the module provides definitions of some of the terms that are used in the
description and explanation of the commissioning process. Selected commissioning
definitions are as follows:
Commissioning - The placement of a facility in service after the scope of work that is
defined in the Project Proposal, construction documentation, drawings, and
specifications is complete and after mechanical completion has been achieved.
Facility - The product of a Saudi Aramco project that consists of the fabrication and
construction of structures, equipment, and materials.
Inspection and Test Plan - A document that defines or identifies the inspections, test
methods, procedures, and acceptance criteria that should be used during procurement,
fabrication/construction, and pre-commissioning.
Inspection Representative - A party or parties that have been appointed by the Saudi
Aramco Inspection Department as its representative(s) to assist in all matters that are
related to Project Quality and to ensure that the project is in compliance with all
company standards and specifications.
Inspect (Work) - To carefully and critically examine a facility, especially for flaws in
design or workmanship.
Mechanical Completion - A state that is achieved when the total facility that is defined
in the Project Proposal, construction documentation, drawings, specifications, and
material requisitions has been installed and tested (pre-commissioned) and is available
for commissioning and start-up.
Pre-Commissioning - The performance of all necessary checks, tests, adjustments,
repairs, and modifications; the presentation of test results; and the production of "asbuilt" drawings and specifications for the final acceptance of the facilities.
Start-Up - The introduction of additional feed stock, liquids, or gases into the facility
to achieve normal operating conditions following commissioning.
Witness (Event) - To be present at or to have personal knowledge of an event (e.g., a
test).
Electrical
PURPOSE OF COMMISSIONING
The purpose of commissioning is to ensure that a new facility meets Saudi Aramco and
industry design criteria and installation standards. Because industrial system facility
construction is a detailed and complicated process, the commissioning process provides a
systematic and uniform approach to commissioning facilities. Although each industrial
facility is unique, the use of a systematic and uniform approach to commissioning of a facility
ensures that all major facets of the facility will be observed, inspected, tested, and operated
satisfactorily prior to the facility being placed in service.
Although the commissioning process for a facility is lengthy and detailed, experience has
shown that the time and effort that is expended up front to ensure safety, quality control, and
adherence to Saudi Aramco and industry standards maximizes safe, correct, and efficient
operation and helps to minimize equipment failures and unscheduled shutdowns.
Electrical
EQUIPMENT COMMISSIONING STANDARDS AND PRACTICES

To ensure safe, reliable, and cost effective equipment operation of Saudi Aramco installations,
certain standards should be met and certain practices should be followed when the equipment
is commissioned. Saudi Aramco has specific mandatory requirements and recommended
practices that apply to equipment that is commissioned for use in Saudi Aramco installations.
Industry standards are also used to provide guidelines for equipment commissioning. This
section of the Module will provide of the following equipment commissioning standards and
practices:
Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices

Industry Standards
Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices

This section of the Module will describe the following Saudi Aramco standards and practices
that are used for equipment commissioning:
General Instruction GI 2.710 and Associated Forms for Mechanical

Completions
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (SAES)
Saudi Aramco Design Practices (SADP)
Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications (SAMSS)
General Instruction GI 2.710 and Associated Forms for Mechanical Completions
Saudi Aramco GI 2.710 is a general instruction manual that covers the subject of Mechanical
Completion and Performance Acceptance of Facilities. This manual is intended to define the
respective duties and responsibilities that are required of the Saudi Aramco Project
Management Team (SAPMT), the Construction Agency, the Project Inspection Division
(PID), and the Project Proponent. The duties and responsibilities of key commissioning
personnel are described to ensure a smooth and timely transition from the construction phase
through the start-up and operation of a facility.
GI 2.710 and its attachments are mandatory and are applicable to all Saudi Aramco Projects.
Procedures are outlined in the Mechanical Completion and Performance Acceptance of
Facilities general instruction manual for the following:
Electrical
Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices (Cont'd)
To accept new facilities as mechanically complete.

To commission and start-up new facilities.
The final performance acceptance and financial closeout of new
facilities.
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (SAES)
The Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (SAES) contain the minimum mandatory
requirements for the design, construction, maintenance, and repair of equipment. Deviation
from the requirements of these standards is not permitted without the written approval from
the designated Saudi Aramco authority. Any equipment user or specified requirements that
exceed the minimum requirements do not need a waiver approval, even though they are
different. When conflicts arise between a specified SAES and other SAESs, related Saudi
Aramco Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs), Codes, Forms, and Saudi Aramco
Mandatory Drawings (SAMDs) the conflicts should be resolved by the manager of the
department that is responsible for revisions to standards and specifications.
This section of the Module describes the following SAESs that apply to the commissioning of
electrical equipment:
SAES-P-103, Batteries and UPS Systems

SAES-P-104, Wiring Methods and Materials
SAES-P-111, Grounding
SAES-P-113, Motors and Generators
SAES-P-114, Power System and Equipment
SAES-P-116, Switchgear and Control Equipment
SAES-P-121, Transformers, Reactors, and Voltage Regulators
SAES-P-103, Batteries and UPS Systems, describes the mandatory requirements for
installation and application of stationary storage batteries, battery chargers,

uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems, and solar photovoltaic systems.
SAES-P-103 does not apply to the following:
Storage batteries for motive power service.
Batteries and battery chargers for stationary
engine cranking
service.
Electrical
Battery chargers and distribution systems for

communications dc power supplies.
SAES-P-104, Wiring Methods and Materials, describes the minimum mandatory requirements for
the design and installation of wiring and cable systems, excluding overhead distribution
systems. For overhead distribution system requirements, refer to SAES-P-107.
SAES-P-111, Grounding, describes the minimum mandatory requirements for grounding of
electrical equipment and for design and installation of grounding and lightning protection
systems.
SAES-P-113, Motors and Generators, describes the minimum mandatory requirements for the
procurement and installation of induction and synchronous motors and generators for
industrial facilities. Motors for nonindustrial facilities must meet the requirements of NEMA
MG 1.
SAES-P-114, Power System and Equipment, describes the minimum mandatory requirements for
the design and installation of protective relaying for power systems and equipment.
SAES-P-116, Switchgear and Control Equipment, describes the minimum mandatory requirements
for the design and installation of switchgear and control equipment that is rated 38kV and
below, except for fire water pump motor controllers.
SAES-P-121, Transformers, Reactors, and Voltage Regulators, describes the minimum mandatory
requirements for the design and installation of transformers, reactors, voltage regulating
transformers, and instrument transformers.
Saudi Aramco Design Practices (SADP)
The Saudi Aramco Design Practices (SADP) provide procedures that are advisable but that
are not necessarily mandatory. SADPs also provide background information to assist
engineers, designers, and contractors who are working on Saudi Aramco projects. Written
approval is not required to deviate from the SADPs, unless the information in the SADPs is
presented in capital letters. Because the information is cited from the SAESs, SAMSSs, or
SAMDs (Saudi Aramco Mandatory Drawings), the information in the SADPs that is
capitalized is mandatory. The SADPs are referenced when explanatory, amplifying, or
background information on the selection, theory, operation, specification, or troubleshooting
of equipment is required.
Electrical

This section of the Module describes the following SADPs that apply to the commissioning of
electrical equipment:
SADP-P-103, Battery and UPS Systems

SADP-P-104, Wiring Methods and Materials
SADP-P-111, Grounding
SADP-P-113, Motors and Generators
SADP-P-114, System and Equipment Protection
SADP-P-116, Switchgear and Control Equipment
SADP-P-121, Transformers
SADP-P-703, NEMA Frame Motors
SADP-P-716, Uninterruptible Power Supply System
SADP-P-103, Battery and UPS Systems, provides a commentary on the rationale for those SAES-
P-103 technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of Saudi
Aramco's experience. Batteries that are used for motive power service, and batteries and
chargers that are used for engine cranking, will vary with the specific application and do not
require a standard for their application. Communication batteries and chargers are covered in
the SAES-T-Series standards. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-103 follows SAES-P103.
SADP-P-104, Wiring Methods and Materials, provides a commentary on the rationale for those
SAES-P-104 technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of
Saudi Aramco's experience. To provide a more comprehensive coverage of the subject in a
separate standard, SAES-P-107, overhead distribution system requirements are excluded from
this standard. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-104 follows SAES-P-104.
SADP-P-111, Grounding, provides a commentary on the rationale for those SAES-P-111
technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of Saudi
Aramco's experience. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-111 follows SAES-P-111.
SADP-P-113, Motors and Generators, provides a commentary on the rationale for those technical
requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of Saudi Aramco's
experience. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-113 follows SAES-P-113.
Electrical

SADP-P-114, System and Equipment Protection, provides a commentary on the rationale for those
SAES-P-114 technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of
Saudi Aramco's experience. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-114 follows SAES-P-114.
SADP-P-116, Switchgear and Control Equipment, provides a commentary on the rationale for
those SAES-P-116 technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many
years of Saudi Aramco's experience. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-116 follows
SAES-P-116.
SADP-P-121, Transformers, provides a commentary on the rationale for those SAES-P-121
technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of Saudi
Aramco's experience. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-121 follows SAES-P-121.
SADP-P-703, NEMA Frame Motors, provides a commentary on the rationale for those 17-
SAMSS-503 technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many years of
Saudi Aramco's operational experience. Fractional horsepower motors are excluded from this
specification because this class of motors is adequately specified in SAES-P-113 and AMS
catalogue descriptions. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-703 follows 17-SAMSS-503.
SADP-P-716, Uninterruptible Power Supply System, provides a commentary on the rationale for
those 17-SAMSS-516 technical requirements that are not obvious and that are based on many
years of Saudi Aramco's experience. Uninterruptible power supplies that are rated 10 kVA
and below are of standard design and can be adequately described in the AMS catalog
descriptions. The paragraph numbering of SADP-P-716 follows 17-SAMSS-516.
Saudi Aramco Material System Specifications (SAMSS)
Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications (SAMSS) contain the mandatory technical
requirements (as opposed to commercial requirements) that vendor or manufacturer-supplied
materials must meet for use in Saudi Aramco electrical systems. Engineers should use the
SAMSSs when new equipment is specified. Any equipment of facility construction,
configuration, or installation deviations that reduce the requirements of the SAMSSs must
have written approval from the designated authority in Dhahran. Facility installation
requirements that exceed the minimum requirements that are set forth in the SAMSSs do not
need
to
have
a
waiver
approved.
Electrical

Most equipment or facility specifications that are contained in the SAMSSs are taken from
ANSI Standards; however, the SAMSSs are being revised to include equipment that is
manufactured to IEC standards. The SAMSSs describe the exceptions, deletions, or additions
to ANSI and industry standards. The SAMSSs that are used to select or to specify a piece of
equipment for a new facility installation depend on the type of equipment that is needed.
This section of the Module describes the following SAMSSs that apply to the commissioning
of electrical equipment:
14-SAMSS-531, Power Transformers
16-SAMSS-501,
Switchgear
Assemblies
including
Control
Switchboards
16-SAMSS-502, Metal-Enclosed Low Voltage Switchgear Assemblies
16-SAMSS-503, Low Voltage Motor Control Centers and Switchracks
16-SAMSS-506, Indoor Controlgear - Medium Voltage
16-SAMSS-511, Metal-Enclosed Bus Material System
17-SAMSS-503, NEMA Frame Motors
17-SAMSS-516, Uninterruptible Power Supply Material System

Standard
17-SAMSS-517, Medium Voltage Induction Motor Variable Frequency

Drives
14-SAMSS-531, Power Transformers, is a specification that defines the minimum technical
requirements of 60 Hz, oil-filled, power transformers with tap changers for de-energized or
load-tap-changing operation.
16-SAMSS-501, Switchgear Assemblies Including Control Switchboards, is a specification that
defines the minimum technical requirements for three-phase, 60 Hz, indoor switchgear
assemblies that are rated above 1 kV through 34.5 kV. This SAMSS includes the
requirements for control switchboards.
16-SAMSS-502, Metal-Enclosed Low Voltage Switchgear Assemblies, is a specification that defines
the minimum mandatory requirements for the design, the fabrication, the testing, and the
handling of indoor metal-enclosed low voltage switchgear assemblies. The requirements of
this specification apply to metal-enclosed, low voltage switchgear assemblies that are
employed in three-phase electric systems that have a maximum rms ac voltage that is not
higher than 1000 volts and nominal frequency of 60 Hertz.
Electrical
16-SAMSS-503, Low Voltage Motor Control Centers and Switchracks, is a specification that defines
the minimum technical requirements for low voltage (600 V and below, three-phase, 60 Hz)
indoor motor control centers (MCC) and outdoor motor control Saudi Aramco Standards
and Practices
switchracks. The requirements of this SAMSS apply to full-voltage combination starters,
feeder circuit breakers, contactors, dry-type transformers, panelboards, and auxiliary
equipment that is assembled into the MCCs and switchracks.
16-SAMSS-506, Indoor Controlgear - Medium Voltage, is a specification that defines the minimum
technical requirements for medium voltage (5 kV class), metal-enclosed indoor motor control
centers. The requirements of this specification apply to National Electrical Manufacturers
Association (NEMA) Class E-2 current-limiting fused controllers and all control and auxiliary
equipment that is assembled into the motor control centers. Oil-immersed controllers are not
acceptable for Saudi Aramco installations.
16-SAMSS-511, Metal-Enclosed Bus, is a specification that defines the minimum technical
requirements for three-phase, 60 Hz, indoor/outdoor metal-enclosed bus that is rated up to and
including 34.5 kV.
17-SAMSS-503, NEMA Frame Motors, is a specification that defines the minimum technical
requirements for induction motors that are rated 0.746 through 185 KW (1 through 250 HP),
460 V and below, 60 Hz. This SAMSS does not cover submersible motors, overhead crane
motors, and valve-operator motors.
17-SAMSS-516, Uninterruptible Power Supply , is a specification that defines the minimum
requirements for solid state uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems that are rated for
above 10 kVA.
17-SAMSS-517, Medium Voltage Induction Motor Variable Frequency Drives, is a specification that
defines the minimum technical requirements for a variable speed drive (VSD) that is used to
control the speed of three phase, 4 kV and 6.6 kV, squirrel-cage induction motors.
Electrical
Industry Standards (Cont'd)

SAESs and SAMSSs are derived from years of operational experience and from proven
industry standards and practices. Instead of incorporating the applicable industry standards,
SAESs and SAMSSs state exceptions, additions, or deletions to the relevant industry
standards.
Saudi Aramco electrical power systems must be designed, constructed, and tested in
accordance with the following codes, standards, and guidelines:
National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)/American

National
Standards Institute (ANSI) Standards and Guidelines
National Electrical Code (NEC)
NEMA is a trade association for manufacturers of products that are used in the generation,
transmission, distribution, and end-use of electricity. The NEMA Standards are useful for the
selection and specification of electrical equipment. NEMA designates the specifications to
which various pieces of electrical equipment are constructed. If these specifications are the
same specifications that are needed by a Saudi Aramco installation, the equipment is specified
to comply with the given NEMA classification. Reference to the appropriate NEMA standard
eliminates the need to restate all the individual equipment parameters. NEMA standards
should be used when they are referenced by SAESs.
The IEEE standards provide information on how to produce, test, measure, and buy
equipment. The IEEE information is the consensus opinion of a group of electronics and
electrical engineering subject matter experts. The requirements and procedures that are given
in these standards and guidelines are used to select, specify, and troubleshoot electrical
equipment.
ANSI has adopted most of the IEEE standards that relate to electrical equipment. ANSI does
not write standards; it adopts standards that are written by other organizations. The ANSI
Standards provide a uniform method to manufacture, market, purchase, and use a given piece
of equipment. If the organization that develops a standard employs a recognized designation,
the acronym of the organization will be used with ANSI. For example, ANSI/IEEE is a
standard that has been developed by IEEE and adopted by ANSI. If the sponsor of a standard
does not employ a designation, the standard will use the ANSI acronym alone.
10
Electrical
The NEC is an ANSI National Fire Protection Association (ANSI/NFPA) code that provides
information on how to safeguard personnel and property from hazards that arise from the use
of electricity. The NEC is not intended as a design specification or instruction for untrained
persons. The NEC contains provisions that are considered necessary for electrical safety.
11
Electrical
ROLE OF KEY COMMISSIONING PERSONNEL

Throughout the construction of a new facility, several personnel perform key roles in the
process that leads to the commissioning of the new facility. This section describes the roles of
the key commissioning personnel.
Saudi Aramco Project Management Team (SAPMT)
The SAPMT has the responsibility to deliver a completed facility in accordance with the
approved scope of the facility as defined in the facility documentation (e.g., project proposal,
expenditure request). The SAPMT is comprised of representative personnel from major
cognizant Saudi Aramco agencies.
Manager of the Consulting Services Department (CSD)
The CSD Manager is responsible for the investigation, the review, the processing of new
facility construction waiver request forms, and resolving conflicts in the standards.
Proponent
The Project Proponent or Proponent Organization is the person or group that requested the
construction of the new facility. The Proponent appoints the members of the Acceptance
Committee, serves as the Chairman of the Acceptance Committee, and has the responsibility
to coordinate the start-up and commissioning of the facility.
Acceptance Committee
The Acceptance Committee must consist of the following personnel or their designated
representatives:
The Acceptance Committee Chairman or his designated representative.
The Construction Agency Project Manager or his designated

representative.
The Proponent Maintenance Superintendent or his designated

representative.
The Proponent Commissioning Representative or his designated

representative.
Senior Supervisor, Projects Inspection or his delegate.
12
Electrical
Acceptance Committee (Cont'd)
The Area Loss Prevention Engineer or his designated representative.
The Fire Prevention Engineer or his designated representative.
The Area Fire Protection Department representative.
The Area Power Distribution Department representative.
The Area Communications Operations Department representative or his

designated representative.
The Area Security Technical Services representative.
The Marine Department representative (for offshore facilities).
Any additional members that are agreed upon by the Proponent and the
Construction Agency to facilitate the proper evaluation and acceptance
he facility.
of
The Acceptance Committee develops the new construction checklist for the project,
coordinates the project exceptions with the Construction Agency, attends inspections, attends
the Mechanical Acceptance meeting, and ensures that the facility is safe to operate. The
Acceptance Committee Chairman (or his delegate) will have full authority to act for and on
behalf of the Proponent. The Construction Agency Project Manager (or his delegate) will
have full authority to act for and on behalf of the Construction Agency. The Proponent
Maintenance Superintendent (or his delegate) will have full authority to act for and on behalf
of the Maintenance Supervisor. The Proponent Commissioning Representative (or his
delegate) will have full authority to act for and on behalf of the Operations Engineering
Commissioning Representative.
Construction Agency
The Construction Agency has the responsibility to keep the Proponent advised of project
scheduling and commissioning and acceptance paperwork requirements. The Construction
Agency maintains inspection and exception checklists. The Construction Agency coordinates
all facility design and construction personnel for the duration of the project.
13
Electrical
Project Inspection Division (PID)

The PID oversees and coordinates all Saudi Aramco project inspections.
Power Distribution Department (PDD)
The PDD is the electric power distribution coordinating body.
responsibility to provide power for new facility construction.
The PDD has the
14
Electrical
COMPLETE ELECTRICAL COMMISSIONING CYCLE

Saudi Aramco has developed a five-phase commissioning cycle that is used as a guide during
the commissioning process. Each phase contains key tasks that should performed during the
commissioning cycle. Because each facility or electrical equipment installation is different,
not all of the phases are used in every circumstance. The phases that are used should be
selected to provide the optimal review, inspection, and testing of the installation. When the
five phases of a complete Electrical Commissioning Cycle are complete, the equipment
commissioning process is complete, and the equipment is turned over to the cognizant
equipment operating or governing group. This section will describe the following topics that
pertain to the complete electrical equipment commissioning cycle:
Manufacturer Approval Phase

Equipment Receipt Phase
Equipment Installation and Testing Phase
System Pre-Operational Checkout Phase
System Operational Observance Phase
Completion and Turning Over the Work
Manufacturer Approval Phase

The manufacturing approval phase of the commissioning cycle provides a method to maintain
quality control of equipment that is purchased from the manufacturer before it is received at
Saudi Aramco. The manufacturing approval phase includes the approval of manufacturer's
drawings, factory quality control inspections, and the witnessing and approval of testing by a
designated Saudi Aramco representative. It is critical that the designated Saudi Aramco
representative approve the equipment testing prior to the shipment of the equipment to Saudi
Aramco.
Equipment Receipt Phase
The equipment receipt phase of the commissioning cycle provides an opportunity for Saudi
Aramco personnel to perform the following:
To verify that the equipment that was received is correct for the
installation.
To inspect the received equipment.
To test the received equipment.
15
Electrical
Equipment Receipt Phase (Cont'd)

The received equipment is verified through use of a visual check of the nameplate data. The
nameplate data are checked to see whether they meet the installation specifications and
drawings. It is critical that verification personnel check to see that the equipment completely
meets the mechanical specifications and drawing requirements. During the equipment
verification, personnel should also check to see that all operation and maintenance manuals
and special installation tools that are needed are provided with the equipment. Any
manufacturer-approved documentation that should be included with the equipment should be
received prior to, or during, the receipt of the equipment.
The received equipment is inspected to determine whether any parts are damaged, missing,
dirty, or corroded. It is critical that problems upon initial receipt are detected as soon as
possible. Damage that is uncovered after the equipment is installed can result in costly repairs
and schedule slippage. During the inspection, all equipment accessory parts should be
present.
Because testing is performed at the manufacturer's facilities, and because testing is time
consuming and costly, receipt testing is only done if it is necessary. If testing is the only way
to ensure that damage to the equipment did not occur during the shipment, the equipment is
tested when it is received.
Equipment Installation and Testing Phase
The equipment installation and testing phase of the commissioning cycle provides an
opportunity for Saudi Aramco personnel to perform the following:
To verify that the equipment has arrived at the nstallation facility.

To inspect the equipment installation.
To test the electrical equipment.
The electrical equipment is verified at the location through use of a visual check. During the
visual check, the Electrical Engineer verifies that the equipment has adequate electric power
available, all necessary accessory equipment, and is located and installed in accordance with
project drawings. Problems, inadequacies, or damage to the equipment that is uncovered after
the equipment is installed can result in costly repairs or schedule slippage. System electrical
revisions and nameplate data are checked to ensure that they are functional and compatible
with the system and the equipment in accordance with the project drawings.
16
Electrical
The installation is also checked for compliance with Saudi Aramco and industry safety
standards. The equipment verification at the location is critical because it is the last time that
inspection personnel will be able to check the equipment before it is permanently installed.
Equipment Installation and Testing Phase (Cont'd)
For example, a check is made to determine that the equipment will physically fit at the
planned location.
The electrical equipment is inspected at the location to determine whether any damage has
occurred and to ensure that all mechanical moving parts are operable. The equipment is
inspected for cleanliness, operability, and to ensure that all electrical connections meet Saudi
Aramco and industry standards.
The electrical equipment is tested as it is installed to ensure that insulation levels, electrical
characteristics, and ratings meet manufacturer and industry standards.
System Pre-Operational Checkout Phase
The system pre-operational checkout phase of the commissioning cycle provides an
System component check out.

Subsystem operational check out.
Performance test.
Each component is checked to ensure that it works individually and also as part of a complete
system. Wiring checks and component adjustments are also performed to verify compliance
with wiring diagrams and manufacturer specifications.
Subsystems are checked to ensure that electrical continuity exists for control, protective, and
interlock devices. The proper operation of all subsystems is tested through use of controlled
operation and check out of the controls, protection, and interlock devices.
Each subsystem is performance tested through the application of full operational voltage to
each subsystem through the proper protective devices. A complete operational test is
performed on equipment controls, interlocks, protective devices, and components with each
subcircuit connected to its main system. During the performance test, the main systems are
still isolated and independent from plant systems. Before the equipment is connected to the
plant system, subsystem performance testing is critical to ensure the proper and safe operation
of the equipment protection and control subsystems.
17
Electrical
System Operational Observance Phase

The equipment operational observance phase of the commissioning cycle provides an
System and component temperature checks.

System operational inspections.
System and component temperature checks are performed through the use of an infrared
thermoscan. The infrared thermoscan can reveal heating problems that may exist when the
equipment is under load. Temperatures are also monitored hourly on all operating equipment.
Any abnormal readings or conditions are investigated immediately before damage can occur.
System operational inspections are performed to detect any noticeable abnormal conditions.
Noticeable abnormal conditions include any vibrations, noise, smells, or sounds that indicate
damage or the potential for damage to the operating equipment. The system and component
electrical parameters (e.g., voltage and current) are also monitored and recorded.
The operational observance phase of the system and component operating conditions is
complete after the operating conditions have normalized and when no problems exist.
Completion and Turning Over the Work
Completion of the commissioning process involves a thorough review of all precommissioning documents for completeness and the satisfactory resolution of all abnormal
inspection or test results. To ensure a smooth and timely transition from the construction
phase through the start-up and operation of the facility, Saudi Aramco GI-2.710 provides
guidance as to the duties and obligations that are required of the Saudi Aramco Project
Management Team (SAPMT)/Construction Agency, Project Inspection Division (PID), and
the Proponent. This information is documented in the Mechanical Completion and
Performance Acceptance Certificate.
Part 4 of GI-2.710, Completing and Turning Over the Work, explains the requirements for the
transition from a facility that has been certified as mechanically complete to the actual
commissioning and start-up phase.
The first part of completing and turning over the work is the acceptance of all or part of a
facility, as certified to be mechanically complete. The acceptance of a facility as
mechanically complete involves a number of steps that include inspection checks, testing,
18
Electrical
Completion and Turning Over the Work (Cont'd)

systems verification, and many other similar verifications. Supplement 2.710-4 to GI 2.710,
Mechanical Completion and Performance Acceptance Work Flow Diagram, shows the
sequence of events that lead to the performance acceptance of a facility. These events include
the following:
Mechanical Completion Inspection

Mechanical Completion Acceptance Meeting
Issuance of the Mechanical Completion Certificate
Commissioning and Start-Up of the Facility
Performance Acceptance Meeting
Performance Acceptance Certificate for a Facility
19
Electrical
DEFICIENCY RESOLUTION PROCESS

Although Saudi Aramco and industry standards provide a comprehensive coverage of most
facility and equipment installation specifics, instances can occur in which Saudi Aramco or
industry standards or specifications do not completely address all facets of a new facility
installation. It is also possible that a new facility installation may not be able to meet some
Saudi Aramco standard or specification due to a unique installation configuration or piece of
equipment. When a deviation to a Saudi Aramco standard or specification is necessary, a
waiver is requested. When a waiver is requested, a deficiency resolution process is carried
out. This section will describe the following topics that pertain to the deficiency resolution
process:
CSD Investigation/Review
Waiver Request/Approval
CSD Investigation/Review
A waiver of Saudi Aramco standards or specifications during the design, procurement,
fabrication, or construction phases of a facility requires the approval of Saudi Aramco. A
request for a waiver must be submitted to a Saudi Aramco company representative on Saudi
Aramco Form 6409 (Waiver Request Form) in accordance with SAES-302. Saudi Aramco
Form 6409 is described in the Waiver Request/Approval section of this Module. The waiver
request form must be submitted to the Manager of the Consulting Services Department (CSD)
for investigation, review, and processing.
When the CSD Manager has received the waiver request form, the waiver request is
forwarded to the appropriate CSD Coordinator. The CSD Coordinator reviews the waiver
request form and, if appropriate, requests that the concerned departments (e.g., Loss
Prevention, Operations, or Maintenance) review the subject form.
Comments and
recommendations for approval or rejection from investigating and reviewing departments
must be attached to the waiver request form. When the waiver request investigation and
review by the concerned departments are complete, the waiver request is forwarded to the
Inspection Department Manager for review and concurrence. After concurrence by the
Inspection Department Manager, the CSD Manager performs a final review and approval (or
rejection) of the waiver.
Waiver Request/Approval
The Saudi Aramco Form 6409 (Waiver Request Form) contains the justification for the
waiver request. As a minimum, the justification must include how compliance with Saudi
20
Electrical
Waiver Request/Approval (Cont'd)

Aramco standards will impact the safety and cost of the material, equipment, or fabrication
activity that is the subject of the waiver request. Any delay to the job completion should be
incorporated into the cost of the job. Any cost benefits or penalties that are cited in the waiver
request justification must be supported by economic analysis. The waiver request justification
should address any alternatives that were reviewed. The waiver request justification must also
include the status of the work that is to be performed for which the waiver is requested (e.g.,
work completed or work pending approval of the waiver), as well as whether the waiver is the
result of an Inspection Work Sheet write up.
The waiver request form must be submitted at least four weeks prior to the date of the
inspection of the material, equipment, or fabrication activity that is the subject of the waiver
request. The waiver request form must include, as attachments, all reasonable and relevant
technical and cost documentation that is necessary to justify the waiver. These documents
should include, but are not limited to, economic analysis, engineering design calculations, and
Inspection Work Sheets.
When a waiver request is submitted, the waiver request must be approved by the Project
Manager/Superintendent (or by superior positions) of the initiating organization. If a waiver
is submitted after the fact (i.e., a noncompliance action has already been initiated), the waiver
request form must be approved by the Department Manager of the initiating organization. A
waiver to mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirements (MSAER, including SAESs,
SAMSSs, and Saudi Aramco Standard Drawings) may also be requested through the
associated Project Proposal. The technical merits of the deviation(s) from the standards must
be discussed at the Project Proposal or at the Technical Review meetings.
The final approval authority of Saudi Aramco Form 6409 (Waiver Request Form) is the CSD
Manager. Normally, a Waiver Request Form is approved with the concurrence of the CSD
Manager and the Inspection Department Manager. A Saudi Aramco mandatory Engineering
Requirement is considered to be waived through a Project Proposal only when all of the
following conditions are satisfied:
is
It is clearly stated on the Project Proposal sign-off sheet that a waiver(s)

requested.
The qualifications, justification, conditions, and he details of the

waiver(s)
are discussed in the ody of the Project Proposal.
The correct approval and review authorities of audi Aramco Form 6409
have reviewed the appropriate sections of the Project Proposal.
21
Electrical
Waiver Request/Approval (Cont'd)

ny reviewing authority can recommend the rejection of a waiver
request. Any reviewing authority that recommends rejection
must return the waiver request form to the CSD Manager with a
letter that explains the reason for rejection. The CSD Manager
will review the waiver request form. If appropriate, a letter is
issued that explains the reason for the waiver rejection. The
letter and the original waiver request are also returned to the
originator.
22
Electrical
GLOSSARY
ANSI
The American National Standards Institute. The ANSI standards

provide a uniform method to manufacture, market, purchase, and
use a given piece of equipment.
commissioning
The placement of a facility in service, after the scope of work

that is defined in the Project Proposal, construction
documentation, drawings, and specifications is complete and
mechanical completion has been achieved.
facility
The product of a Saudi Aramco project that consists of the

fabrication and construction of structures, equipment, and
materials.
GI
General Instruction
IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE

standards provide information on how to produce, test, measure,
and buy equipment. The IEEE information is the consensus
opinion of a group of electronics and electrical engineering
subject matter experts.
inspection and test plan
A document that defines or identifies the inspection, test

methods, procedures, and acceptance criteria that should be used
during procurement, fabrication/construction, and precommissioning.
inspection representative A party or parties that have been appointed by the Saudi Aramco
Inspection Department as its representative(s) to assist in all
matters that are related to Project Quality and to ensure that the
project is in compliance with all company standards and
specifications.
inspect (work)
To carefully and critically examine a facility.
MSAER
Mandatory Saudi Aramco Engineering Requirements.
mechanical completion
A state that is achieved when the total facility that is defined in

the Project Proposal, construction documentation, drawings,
specifications, and material requisitions has been installed and
tested (Pre-Commissioned) and is available for the
commissioning and start-up.
23
Electrical
NEC
The National Electrical Code. A National Fire Protection

Association (ANSI/NFPA) code that provides information on
how to safeguard personnel and property from hazards that arise
from the use of electricity.
NEMA
The National Electrical Manufacturers Association. NEMA is a

trade association for manufacturers of products that are used in
the generation, transmission, distribution, and end-use of
electricity.
NETA
The National Electrical Testing Association.

The NETA
Standards provide inspection and test procedures for equipment
and systems.
pre-commissioning
The performance of all necessary checks, tests, adjustments,

repairs, and modifications; the presentation of test results; and
the production of "as-built" drawings and specifications for the
final acceptance of the facilities.
SADP
Saudi Aramco Design Practices.
SAEP
Saudi Aramco Engineering Procedures.
SAER
Saudi Aramco Engineering Report.
SAES
Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards.
SAIP
Saudi Aramco Inspection Procedures.
SAMD
Saudi Aramco Mandatory Drawings.
SAMSS
Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications.
SASD
Saudi Aramco Standard Drawings.
start-up
The introduction of additional feed stock, liquids, or gases into

the facility to achieve normal operating conditions following
commissioning.
witness (event)
To be present at, or have personal knowledge of, an event (e.g., a

test).
24

Introduction To Electrical System and Equipment Commissioning

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Introduction To Electrical System and Equipment Commissioning

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Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

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Commissioning Definitions .......................................................................1

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

EQUIPMENT COMMISSIONING STANDARDS AND PRACTICES

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices

General Instruction GI 2.710 and Associated Forms for Mechanical

Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (SAES)

Saudi Aramco Design Practices (SADP)

Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications (SAMSS)

General Instruction GI 2.710 and Associated Forms for Mechanical Completions

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices (Cont'd)

To accept new facilities as mechanically complete.

Saudi Aramco Engineering Standards (SAES)

SAES-P-103, Batteries and UPS Systems

installation and application of stationary storage batteries, battery chargers,

Storage batteries for motive power service.

Batteries and battery chargers for stationary

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices (Cont'd)

Battery chargers and distribution systems for

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices (Cont'd)

SADP-P-103, Battery and UPS Systems

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices (Cont'd)

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco Standards and Practices (Cont'd)

14-SAMSS-531, Power Transformers

16-SAMSS-502, Metal-Enclosed Low Voltage Switchgear Assemblies

16-SAMSS-503, Low Voltage Motor Control Centers and Switchracks

16-SAMSS-506, Indoor Controlgear - Medium Voltage

16-SAMSS-511, Metal-Enclosed Bus Material System

17-SAMSS-503, NEMA Frame Motors

17-SAMSS-516, Uninterruptible Power Supply Material System

17-SAMSS-517, Medium Voltage Induction Motor Variable Frequency

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Industry Standards (Cont'd)

National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) Standards

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)/American

National Electrical Code (NEC)

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

ROLE OF KEY COMMISSIONING PERSONNEL

The Acceptance Committee Chairman or his designated representative.

The Construction Agency Project Manager or his designated

The Proponent Maintenance Superintendent or his designated

The Proponent Commissioning Representative or his designated

Senior Supervisor, Projects Inspection or his delegate.

Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards

Acceptance Committee (Cont'd)

The Area Loss Prevention Engineer or his designated representative.

The Fire Prevention Engineer or his designated representative.

The Area Fire Protection Department representative.

The Area Power Distribution Department representative.

The Area Communications Operations Department representative or his

The Area Security Technical Services representative.