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Simplified Aircraft Design Spreadsheet for Hom

Version 1.0

Wing
Loading

LEGAL NOTICE !

Stall speed
Takeoff air density
Wing CLmax

Tail
Sizing

Wing
Geometry

Wo Sizing to a range requirement (engine is

not yet selected)

Wo -known
engine

power loading

Copyright C 2003 by Daniel P. Raymer. All Rights Reserved. See legal notice
Better to save this spreadsheet as a renamed copy before changing it for your airplane, in case

Inputs
(kts)
(slugs/ft^3)
(lb/hp)

Calculated Values
60 Stall speed
(ft/sec)
0.00238 Dynamic pressure
(psf)
1.6 Wing loading (W/S) (psf)
8.3333

If sizing to a range requirement, ignore this input

for now but enter it later when Wo is calculated
and engine is selected
Engine Power
Number of Engines
Swet/Sref
Cfe
Aspect ratio (A)
Cruise air density
Cruise velocity

(hp -each)

(slugs/ft^3)
(kts)

(lb/hour
Engine SFC
/bhp)
Prop Efficiency (cruise)
Range
(nmi)

Fuel allowance
(%)
Empty Weight constant "a"
Weight - crew
(lbs)
Weight - Passengers (lbs)
Weight - payload
(lbs)
Wing taper ratio

Horizontal tail arm

Cht (volume coeff)
Vertical tail arm
Cvt (volume coeff)

You cannot enter Wo! Engine power and power

loading are multiplied to calculate Wo. If sizing to
a range requirement, do calculation below, read
Wo from graph, and select an engine that gives
the desired Wo=P*P/W

120 Wo
2 Wing Area
4.2
0.0053
10
0.00176
180

Cdo
K (=1/piAe)
W/S cruise
Cruise velocity
Dynamic pressure
L/D cruise

(ft)

(lb)
(sq ft)

(ft/sec)
(psf)

2000.0
102.3
0.0223
0.0424
19.2
304.0
81.3
9.57

(lb/sec
0.45 Engine SFC
/bhp)
0.000125
0.75
800 Range
(ft)
4860800
Breguet Exponent
0.1539
Wf/Wo
0.1641
6 Wf/Wo with allow.
0.1739
1.2438
180
180
20 See Sizing Graph sheet for Wo Results
0.5 Wing Span
Root Chord
Tip Chord
Mean Chord

(ft)

101.3
12.2
19.55

10 Tail areas:
0.6 Sht (horizontal)
10
0.04 Svt (vertical)

(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)

31.98
4.26
2.13
3.32

(sq ft)

20.35

(sq ft)

13.08

sheet for Homebuilders

Enter items in blue and purple. Come

back and re-enter purple items after the
drawing is analyzed.
Send problems & questions to SADFH@aircraftdesign.com

eserved. See legal notice for further restrictions.

ging it for your airplane, in case it gets messed up!

Other Factors Used

Equations (from book)

(OK to change these if you know what

you are doing)

1
q= V 2
2 Stall
W
=qC L
S

C D 0 =C fe
e (Oswald)
Wcruise/Wo

0.75
0.98

Misc Useful Calcs

K=

S wet
S ref

1
0. 424
=
0. 75 A
A

CL-cruise

0.2356

L
1
=
D qC D 0
K
+( W / S )
W/S
q
R c bhp
Non-cruise weight allowance

0.975

Empty Weight exponent

-0.09

W f /W 0 =10 . 975 e
W E /W 0 =aW

W 0=

00 . 09

W people +W payload
1W E /W 0 W F /W 0

Preliminary tail sizing using these methods does not

guarantee that the aircraft will be stable,
controllable, or safe. You must perform stability
calculations after doing your design layout!

500 p L /D
Fuel Weight
Fuel Vol

347.8 (lbs)
58.0 (gal)

@aircraftdesign.com

Wo guess
1000
1500
2000
2500

We/Wo
0.6680
0.6440
0.6276
0.6151

We
Wo calculated
668.0
2403.2
966.0
2087.3
1255.1
1914.2
1537.7
1801.0

Pick Wo from graph, where the two lines cross. Enter this
value below to find the minimum horsepower engine for
your power loading.

Wo Calculated

Sizing Calculations

3000
2500
2000

If sizing graph lines do not cross, change Wo-guess values

above.
Enter Wo from graph
(lbs)
Pick engine with horsepower of at least:

2000
120

Now find a suitable engine of at least this horsepower and

enter its power below:
Power of Selected Engine:
Calculated Power Loading:

120
8.33

Now go to sheet 1 and enter the power of your selected

engine and the power loading calculated above in the
boxes this color.

1500
1000
500
0
800

1000

1200

1400

Sizing Graph

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

Wo Guess

2600

As-Drawn Performance Calculations for Simplified Aircraft Design for Homebuilde

Use this sheet for performance calculations after you have drawn your design and measured its geometry.

Values from Sheet 1 - OK to change these here, but

then link from Sheet 1 is lost
Wo
(lb)
2000
Engine Power
(hp)
120
Number of Engines
2
Engine SFC
(lb/hour /bhp)
0.45
Wing Area
(sq ft)
102.3
Cdo
0.0223
K (=1/piAe)
0.0424
Wing CLmax
1.6
Takeoff air density
(slugs/ft^3)
0.00238
e (Oswald)
0.75
Wcruise/Wo
0.98
Non-cruise weight allowance
0.975
Fuel allowance
(%)
6
Weight - crew
(lbs)
180
Weight - passengers (lbs)
180
Weight - payload
(lbs)
20
Empty Weight
(lbs)
1255.1
Other Inputs
Propeller Diameter
(ft)
Engine RPM
(rev/min)
Cooling Power Loss
(%)
Cruise Power Setting (% of SL hp)
Cruise air density
(slug/ft^3)

Calculated Values
wing loading (W/S)
(psf)
stall speed
(ft/sec)
stall speed
(kts)
power loading
(lb/hp)
Takeoff Parameter
Takeoff Groundroll
(ft)
Takeoff to 50 ft
(ft)

Cruise Weight

(lb)

5
2700
6
62
0.00176 Power Coefficient Cp

19.55
101.34
60.00
8.33
123.2
874.2
1159.1

1959.9922

0.1317

Go to next sheet for climb, cruise, and maximum speed calculations then return here
Cruise speed
Cruise Prop efficiency

(kts)

180 Cruise speed

(ft/sec)
Cruise Advance Ratio J
0.85 Cruise q
(psf)
Cruise W/S
(psf)
Cruise L/D
Wfuel (total)
(lbs)
Wfuel (usable)
(lbs)
Wfuel (cruise)
(lbs)
log term
Range
(ft)

Range

(nmi)

304.02
1.3512
81.3
19.2
9.6
365
344
294
1.1776909
5854552

964

Design for Homebuilders

and measured its geometry.

Equations (from book)

W W
S hp
T . O. P .=1 . 21
C Lmax

L
1
=
D qC D 0
K
+( W / S)
W/S
q
R=

550 p L
0. 975 W 0
ln
C bhp D
W 0 W f (usable )

Climb, Cruise, & Max Speed Calculations for Simplified Aircraft Design for Homeb

Use this sheet for performance calculations after you have drawn your design and measured its geometry

Input
adjusted
values

Climb - fpm

Th r u s t o r D r a g -lb s

Advance Propeller
Total
Cruise
Dynamic
V kts V ft/sec Ratio J
Efficiency Thrust lbs Thrust lbs pressure q CL
CD
Drag lbs
50
84.45 0.375333
0.59 866.8703 537.4596 6.2759862 3.115636 0.434233 278.7433
100
168.9 0.750667
0.8 587.7087 364.3794 25.1039448 0.778909 0.048008 123.2702
150 253.35
1.126
0.85 416.2937 258.1021 56.4838758 0.346182 0.027346 157.9862
200
337.8 1.501333
0.82 301.2007 186.7444 100.415779 0.194727 0.023869 245.1549
220 371.58 1.651467
0.8 267.1403 165.627 121.503093 0.160932 0.023359 290.2979
Read Cruise speed where cruise thrust line crosses drag line and enter in cruise speed box (this color) on previous
sheet

3000

Maximum & Cruise Speed

1000

Total Thrust
Cruise
Thrust

800

2500
2000

600

1500

400

1000

200

500
0

0
40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180
200
220
Ve locity - kts

240

40

60

rcraft Design for Homebuilders

esign and measured its geometry.

Equations (from book)

D=qS( C D 0 + KC 2 )

Climb - fpm

Climb (fps)
1520.4345
2401.3464
2003.3404
579.56153
-263.4165
color) on previous

W
C Lcruise =

Vv=V

S
q

1
q= V 2
2

T
1

W L/ D

Rate of Climb - Sea Level

3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

Velocity - kts

240

Weight Reporting Format for Simplified Aircraft Design for Homebuilders

Use this sheet for reporting weights calculations & estimating center of gravity.

Input only items in blue

(Sorry, no weights estimation methods here, just the form to

enter your estimates. Moments & cg are calculated)
Weight
lbs
STRUCTURES
661.0
Wing
276
Horizontal Tail
24
Vertical Tail
18
Ventral Tail
8
Fuselage
155
Canopy
15
Nacelle on wing
50
Nacelle/cowling
30
Motor Mount
10
Main Landing Gear
56
Nose Landing Gear
19
PROPULSION

6.5
21.0
19.0
17.0
9.0
8.0
9.0
7.5
7.5
9.0
2.9

411.0

Moment
ft-lbs
5600
EQUIPMENT
1794 Flight Controls
504 Instruments
342 Hydraulics
136 Electrical
1395 Avionics
120 Air Conditioning
450 Anti-Icing
225 Furnishings & Equipment
75
504
(% We Allowance)
55
Empty Weight Allowance
2877 TOTAL WEIGHT EMPTY

Weight Loc Moment

lbs
ft
ft-lbs
69.0
429
10 5.5
55
10 5.5
55
2 6.0
12
12 6.0
72
15 5.0
75
0
0
20 8.0
160
10
114.1

7.8

891

1255.1

7.8

9797

340

7.0

2380

Air Induction

7.0

21 USEFUL LOAD

744.9

Cooling

7.0

21

Crew

180.0

8.0

1440

Exhaust
Engine Controls
Misc. Engine Inst
Propeller

8
2
5
30

7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0

56
14
35
210

Fuel
Oil
Passengers
Payload

358.9 7.5
6 5.0
180 8.0
20 10.0

2692
30
1440
200

Starter

10

7.0

70

Fuel System

10

7.0

70 TAKEOFF GROSS WEIGHT

Possible
Loading
Conditions

Engine

Loc
ft

2000.0

7.8

15598

Crew+Pass+Pld, No Fuel
Crew+Pass,No Pld,No Fuel
Crew only, No Fuel

1641.1
1621.1
1441.1

7.9
7.8
7.8

12907
12707
11267

Crew only, Full Fuel

1800.0

7.8

13958

enter %
dont enter these

Calculated Empty Weight constant "a". G

to Initial Sizing Inputs sheet and revise v
in purple box:

Don't enter this! It is calculated from Wo, We

t only items in blue

d Empty Weight constant "a". Go

izing Inputs sheet and revise value
box:

1.2438

this! It is calculated from Wo, We, and other Useful Load Group items

ASPECT RATIO OPTIMIZATION: DR-4

A-baseline
Wo
Wwing-base
We-base

10
2000.0
276

Read performance results and enter here

1255.1

Enter delta on Weight sheet (I stuck

it in the unused Anti-Ice entry), and
change aspect ratio and empty
weight "a" factor on Initial Sizing
Sheet

n m i, kts, or fp m

Wwing/
A A/Abase Ww-base Delta We We-new
6
0.60
0.74
-73
1182
10
1.00
1.00
0
1255
14
1.40
1.22
62
1317

Range
1165
964
760

Max
Speed
212
220
221

Cruise
Speed
175
180
181

ROC
2200
2400
2500

Aspect Ratio Trade Study

2500
2000

Range

1500

Max Speed *10

Cruise Speed *10
Rate of Climb

1000
500
0
6

10

12 Ratio 14
Aspect

max*10
cruise*10
2120
1750
2200
1800
2210
1810

dy

Range
Max Speed *10
Cruise Speed *10
Rate of Climb

Ratio 14