MATH 171

Test 3 - Solutions
May 9, 2005
1. Give the definition of an integrable function.
A function f : [a, b] R is called integrable on [a, b] if f is bounded on [a, b] and for any
> 0 there is a partition P of [a, b] such that U (f, P ) L(f, P ) < .
2. State the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
Let f : [a, b] R.
(i) If f continuous on [a, b] and F (x) =
on [a, b] and F 0 (x) = f (x).

f (t)dt, then F is continuously differentiable

a

(ii) If f is differentiable on [a, b] and f is integrable on [a, b], then

0

f 0 (t)dt = f (x)f (a)

a

3. Prove that the harmonic series diverges.

Z n+1
n
n Z k+1
X
X
1
1
1
1
1
Since for x [k, k + 1], sn =

dx =
dx = ln(n + 1)
k
x
k
x
x
1
k=1
k=1 k
ln(1) = ln(n + 1) + as n +.

X
1
Therefore the series
diverges.
k
k=1
4. Evaluate the integral:

(x2

x
dx.
+ 1)3

Let u = x + 1, then du = 2xdx, 21 du = xdx, so

Z
Z t
x
x
dx
=
lim
dx = lim
t+ 1 (x2 + 1)3
t+
(x2 + 1)3
1


1
1
1
1
lim

=
2
2
t+
2
2(t + 1)
8
16
2

5. (a) Prove that if

1
2

t2 +1
2

1
du
u3

1
lim
=
2 t+

t2 +1 !
1 
=
2u2 2

ak converges, then its partial sums sn are bounded.

k=1

If

ak converges then the sequence of its partial sums {sn } converges. Since every

k=1

convergent sequence is bounded (Theorem 2.8), {sn } is bounded.

(b) Show that the converse of part (a) is false. Namely, she that a series

ak may have

k=1

bounded partial sums and still diverge.

k

Let ak = (1) . Then the sequence of partial sums of

X
k=1

is bounded but divergent, so the series diverges.

ak is {1, 0, 1, 0, . . .}. It