ULTRASONIC INSPECTION

PROCEDURE

Author
Approved By
Revision No.

Name
Gary E. Kinter

Reviewed By

APPROVAL
Function
ASNT Level III UT
REVISION HISTORY
Approved By

Date
2-5-2013

Signature

Date

Signature

INDEX
1.0

SCOPE

2.0

DESCRIPTION

3.0

APPLICATION DOCUMENT

4.0

PERSONNEL

5.0

EQUIPMENT

5.1

APPARATUS

5.2

SEARCH UNIT

5.3

COUPLANT

5.4

BASIC CALIBRATION BLOCKS

5.5

BASIC CALIBRATION HOLE

5.6

CALIBRATION

6.0

PROCESS

6.2

APPLICATION

6.3

ANGLE BEAM

6.4

EXAMINATION PROCEDURE (ANGLE BEAM)

6.5

STRAIGHT BEAM METHODS

6.6

EXAMINATION PROCEDURE

6.7

TESTING AND PIPE MATERIAL

7.0

ACCEPTANCE STANDARD

8.0

ILLUSTRATION SCAN TECHNIQUE

A.

REPORTS

SUBJECT: ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION

1.0

2.0

SCOPE
1.1

This procedure covers the requirement for Ultrasonic examination of any welded
material of any size, shape, thickness or configuration capable of conducting
sound as may be required by the client specification and by various codes under
which a component, or system is being designed and manufactured.

1.2

EDEMAC certifies that this document meets the minimum requirements of the
ASME section V. Article V. and any other code or specification reference methods
of Ultrasonic examination as defined by ASME section V. Articles

DESCRIPTION
2.1

Ultrasonic examination of materials by the pulse-echo method uses

straight-beam longitudinal waves introduced by direct contact of the search unit
with the material being examined. It series of electrical pulses, is applied to a
piezoelectric element (transducer) which converts these pulses to mechanical
energy in the form of pulsed wave at a nominal frequency. The transducer is
mounted in a holder so it can transmit the wave into the material through a
suitable wear surface and couplant. The assembly of transducer, holder wearface, and electrical connector comprise the search unit.
The Ultrasonic instrument amplifies the electrical signal from the transducer and
displays the reflection and a CRT screen. The normal presentation on the CRT
screen is the A Scan with distance or metal travel read left to right on the
horizontal trace and the amplitude of the vertical signals represent magnitude of
the reflect surface.

2.2

No useful quantitative information can be obtained with standard

Ultrasonic methods without first carefully calibrating as to metal travel
and reflector size vs vertical signal amplitudes.

3.0

APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS
3.1

The following documents are made a part of this procedure to the extent specified.
American Society of Mechanical Engineer (ASME)
Section
I
Power Boiler
Section
VIII
Pressure
American National Standard Institute (ANSI)
B31.1
Power Piping
B31.3
Chemical plat / Petroleum Refinery Piping
American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM)
E 164 Standard Method for Contact Inspection of Welding
American Society for Non- Destructive Testing (ASNT)
SNT-TC 1A NDT Personnel Qualification and certification
EDEMAC SERVICES
QA Examiner Personnel Qualification and Certification

4.0

PERSONNEL
4.1

Personnel performing Ultrasonic examination to this procedure

shall be qualified and certified in accordance with SNT-TC 1A table 1-c,
QA Examiner personnel Qualification and certification.

4.2

Personnel responsible for performing Ultrasonic Examination to

this procedure shall be certified as level I (Operator) Level II (Inspector)
or Level III (Inspector Examiner)

4.3

Only certified Level II or level III personnel shall make

determination as to the acceptability of the Ultrasonic indication.

5.0

5.2

5.3

EQUIPMENT
5.1

APPARATUS: An Ultrasonic, pulsed, reflection type of instrument shall

be used for this inspection the minimum frequency range of the system
shall be 1 to 5 MSZ. It shall have calibrated decibel control (accurate over
its useful range to +/-20% or +/-201b of the nominal attenuation ratio)
which allow measurement of signals beyond the linear range of the
instrument.

a.

The Ultrasonic Instrument shall provide a linear presentation (within +/-5

percent for at least 75% of the screen height) sweep-line to top of screen.

b.

Calibration Frequency: Equipment shall be calibrated every six

months. Calibration records shall maintained at the job site where
the equipment is being utilized (see para 5.6).

SEARCH UNIT
5.2.1 Straight beam transducers shall have to nominal frequency or 2.25
MHZ unless variables such as grain structure material thickness etc.
require the used of other frequencies
5.2.2

Angle beam transducer shall have a nominal frequency of 2.25

MHZ unless varies such as grain structure, material thickness etc. require
the use of other frequencies.

5.2.3

The refracted angle of the sound beam in the production material

shall be between 40- 75 degree inclusive. Table 1 lists the
recommendation.

5.2.4

Transducer shall be fitted with suitable shoes as required to

maintain adequate sound penetration transducers to maintain
proper sound beam angle in the part.

5.2.5

Supplemental transducer shoes for curved surface shall have the

same nominal radius of curvature as the material examined.

5.2.6

Transducer shall be used at their rated frequency

COUPLANT

5.3.1

5.4

A suitable couplant having good wetting characteristics such as

liquid detergent or paste and water shall be used. The same couplant shall
be used for calibration and examination. The sulfur and halogen content
of couplant shall not exceed 1% by weight.

BASIC CALIBRATION BLOCKS

5.4.1

Drilled hole shall be used as basic calibration reflector to establish

a primary reference response of equipment and to construct a
distance amplitude correction curve. These holes shall be located either
in the production material or in a basic calibration block or similar
metallurgical. Structure and the same or an equivalent. P-number
grouping as the production material. For the purpose of this procedure Pnumbers 1, 3, 4 and 5 material considered to be equivalent.

a.

The thickness of basic calibration blocks if used, shall be related to the

finished component thicknesses as shown in figure 1 where two more
thicknesses are involved, the calibration block thickness shall be
determined from the thickness of the component where the search unit is
applied.

b.

For examination of circumferential welds will contact surface

curvatures greater than 20-in diameter, that basic calibration blocks or
block of essentially the same curvature as the part to be examined shall be
used

5.5

c.

The basic calibration block contact surface shall be curved for

contact surface curvatures of less than 20-in diameter. A single curved
basic calibration may be used to calibrate the examination on contact
surface in the range of 0.9 to 1.5 times the basic calibration block
diameter. For example an 8-in diameter curved block may be used to
calibrate the examination on contact surface in the range of curvature
range from 7.2 to 12-in diameters. The curvature range from 0.94 to in
diameter requires 6 block curvature as indicated in figure 4.

d.

The basic calibration block for examination of longitudinal welds

shall be of essentially the same nominal diameter as the part to be
examined, except that for diameter greater than 20 inches, flat block may
be used.

BASIC CALIBRATION HOLE

5.5.1 The basic calibration hole shown in figure 3 shall be drilled
parallel to the contact surface of the basic calibration block or the
component. The location depth and diameter of this hole shall be obtained
from the table in figure 3.
5.5.2

However other calibration reflectors may be used provided equivalent

response to that from the basic calibration hole are demonstrated.
Reference Figure 1 and 2.

5.6

CALIBRATION
5.6.1 Calibration of the probes for beam angle is required on the IIW
(International Institute of Welding) test block or other approved alternative
(for example the V2 block) at least daily calibration of the flaw detector
time base and amplification shall be carried out before examining each
weld.

6.0

PROCESS
6.1
SURFACE PREPARATION
6.1.1 Contact surface the finished contact surface shall be free
from weld spatter and any roughness that would interfere with free
movement of the search unit or impair the transmission of Ultrasonic
Vibration.

6.1.2

Weld surfaces: The weld surface shall be finished so it cannot mask or be

confused with reflection from defects and should merge smoothly into the
surface of the adjacent base materials.

6.1.3

Base Material: The volume of base material through which the sound will
travel in angle beam examination shall be completely scanned with a
straight beam search unit to detect reflectors which might affect
interpretation of angle beam results. This is not intended as an acceptance
reflection examination.

6.2

APPLICATION
6.2.1 The principal objective of the method given herein is the detection,
location and evaluation of defects within the weld and heat affected zones.
The welds shall be examined by the angle beam method where practical.
In the examination of weldments where geometry or the condition
described in 6.1.3 does not allow angle examination from both sides of the
weld from single surface or a combination of surface, either a combination
of angle beam and straight beam or straight beam in two (2) directions at
90 degrees to each other shall be used.

6.3

ANGLE BEAM METHODS

6.3.1 Distance- Amplitude Correction:-Compensation for the distance traversed
by the Ultrasonic beam as it passes through the material is provided by the
used of the curves shown by figure 5. or electrically.
a.

Determination of Curves:
Distance amplitude correction curves shall
be constructed by utilizing responses from the basic calibration described
in 5.5. The first point on the curve is obtained by placing the search unit
as near as possible, but not less that 3/8 vee-path or 2-in whichever is less
from the calibration hole and positioning for maximum response.

b.

The gain control is then set so this response is 80 percent of full screen on
the cathode ray tube (CRT) This is the primary reference response.

c.

Without chaining the gain, the search unit shall be placed similarly at other
position covering the expected examination distance range, and the
corresponding response marked or the CRT screen.

d.

These points are joined by a smooth line whose length should cover the
examination range. See figure 5.

6.3.2

Electronic Distance Amplitude Correction: If an electronic distance

amplitude correction device us used primary reference response shall be
equalized at 50 percent of full CRT screen height over the distance range
to be employed in the examination.

6.3.3

Transfer Method: Transfer method is used to collate the responses from

the basic calibration block and from the component. Transfer is
accomplished by noting the reference reflector in the basic calibration
block and from component and correcting for the difference. The
reference reflector may be V notches (which must subsequently be
removed), an angle beam search unit acting as a reflector, or any other
reflector which will aid in accomplishing the transfer.

V-NOTCH TRANSFER TECHNIQUE

*

A V Notch may be placed in the basic calibration block. As an

example, this notch may be 1-in long, have a depth of 1 percent of the
block thickness and have an included angle such that the side of the V
Notch are perpendicular to the incoming sound wave. Another V notch
having the same dimension may be placed in or adjacent to the weld beam.

The Search unit is positioned for maximum response from the notch in the
basic calibration block and response reading is recorded. Then the search
unit is positioned for maximum response from the notch in the test
material to be examined and this response reading is also recorded.

After determining the above readings. It is necessary to correct the

response obtained from V notch in the test material to the response level
from the V notch in the calibration block by adding or subtracting
attenuation (db)

The original distance amplitude correction curve can now be used for
signal amplitude rejection of flaws.

PITCH CATCH METHOD

When V notches are not permitted in the test material, the pitch catch
method may be used. In this method, a second angle beam search unit is
used to receive the sound transmitted by the search unit which is to be
ultimately used in the examination.
*

Connect the second angle search unit to the receive connection of the
instrument and switch on the calibration block and manipulate the two
search units until a maximum response is shown on the CRT mark this
level on the CRT

The transit and receive search units are then placed on the production
material so that the sound beam travels from the single transmit search

unit through the material and into the receiver unit. It is again necessary to
peak in the response and mark the level on the CRT.
As with the V-notch method, correct the response from the test material
by adding or subtracting attenuation (db). Following disconnection of the
receive search unit and switching of the instrument back to the pulse-echo
method, the distance-amplitude correction curve originally drawn on the
CRT screen is satisfactory for use as a signal amplitude rejection level.

FREQUENCY OF TRANSFER METHOD USED

*
Vessels: The transfer method shall be used at least once for each 10 feet of
weld or less per plate and shall be performed at least twice for each type of
welded joint.
*

6.4

Piping: The transfer method shall be used as a minimum once for each
welded joint for pipe size 10 inches in diameter and over, once for each 5
feet of weld for pipe less than 10 inches in diameter.

EXAMINATION PROCEDURE (ANGLE BEAM)

6.4.1 Coverage: Where possible, butt welds shall be examined over 100% of the
area from both side of the weld usually from only one surface.
6.4.2

Scanning: When possible, scanning shall be performed at a gain

setting of 2 times or 6 db the reference level sensitivity.
a.

To assure complete coverage of the examined material each pass of

the search unit shall overlap a minimum of 10 % of the transducer
width. The rate of manual scanning shall not exceed 6 inches per
seconds.

6.4.3

Reference Level: The reference level sensitivity for evaluating

discontinuities is the primary reference response corrected for distance by
the distance amplitude curve or electronically, and modified by the
transfer method, if used.

6.4.4

DETECTION OF DISCONTINUITIES PARALLEL TO THE WELD

a.
Scanning Method: The search unit shall be placed on the contact
surface with the beam aimed at about 90 degrees to the weld and
manipulated laterally and longitudinally so the Ultrasonic beam
passes through all of the beam to the reflector.

b.

6.4.5

6.5

Two search units technique: Technique using two search units may
be used to detect lack of penetration in double welded butt joints.

DETECTION OF DISCONTINUITIES TRANSVERSE TO THE

WELD
If the weld surface has been made sufficiently smooth, the search unit may
be placed on the center line of the weld and the beam directed along the
weld to scan the entire depth and width of the weld. As an alternate, two
search units may be placed on the contact surfaces adjacent to the weld,
one on each side forming an angle of 45 degrees or less with the axis if the
weld.

STRAIGHT BEAM METHODS

6.5.1 Calibration of equipment
a.
Distance- Amplitude Correction: A distance amplitude correction
curve need not be constructed when the thickness of material is
less than 1 inch. For thickness using the proper basic calibration
block (see figure 1 and 2), the search unit shall be positioned for
maximum response from the basic calibration hole at T and the
signal amplitude shall be adjusted to 50% of full CRT screen. This
is the primary reference response. Without changing the gain
control, the search unit shall then be positioned for maximum
response from basic calibration hole at 3/4 T, its amplitude marked
on the CRT screen and the two points joined with a straight line
extended to cover the test range.

6.6

b.

Electronic Distance-Amplitude Correction Device: The primary

reference response shall be equalized over the distance range to be
employed in the examination.

c.

reference Level: The reference level for monitoring discontinuities

is the primary reference response corrected by a distanceamplitude curve or electronically.

EXAMINATION PROCEDURE
6.6.1. Scanning Motion: The weld shall be examined by moving the
search unit progressively along and across a sufficient contact area
so as to scan the entire weld

6.6.2

Sensitivity Level: When possible, scanning shall be performed at a

minimum gain setting of twice (6 db) the primary reference level.

Evaluation of discontinuities shall be done with the gain control set

at the reference level.
6.6.3

Monitoring of Procedures: Penetration shall be verified by

(1)
obtaining a reflection from an opposite parallel
surface, or
(2)
obtaining the back reflection o similar material
while using approximately the same length of sound travel.

6.6.4

To assure complete coverage of the examined material each pass of

the search unit shall overlap a minimum of 10% of the transducer
width. The rate of manual scanning shall not exceed 6-inches per
second.

6.6.5

Evaluating of Indications: All indication which produce a

response greater than 20% of the reference level shall be
investigated to the extent that the operator can evaluate the shape,
identity, and location of all such reflectors in terms of the
acceptance rejection standards of the referencing cid section.

6.7

TESTING AND PIPE MATERIAL

6.7.1 Ultrasonic testing practice shall be in accordance with BS 5996
using technique 2 (Flaw echo / bottom echo ratio for sizing the
lamination), or technique 3 (multiple echo pattern), depending on
wall thickness and type of lamination (if any) encountered. The
probe shall be scanned in a zigzag fashion in a zone 100mm wide
around planned cut-outs for nozzles, and back from the new end of
pipes which have been cut. Laminar defects shall not be accepted
if they exceed 6-mm in any dimension. Any lamination not
parallel to the pipe surface shall be deemed unacceptable.

7.0

ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

7.1

All indications which produce a response greater than 20%

of the reference level shall be investigated to the extent that the
operator can determine the shape, identity, and location of all such
reflectors and evaluate them in terms of the acceptance rejection
standard as follows:

7.2

Discontinuities are unacceptable if the amplitude exceeds the

reference level and discontinuities have lengths which exceed.

a.
b.

- inch font up to - inch inclusive

1/3 inch font from -inch to 2 - inch inclusive
- inch font over 2 - inch

Note: Where this the thickness of the weld being examined, if a weld
joins two members having different thickness at the weld, this the
thinner of these two thickness.
7.3

Where discontinuities are interpreted to be cracks, lack of fusion

and incomplete penetration, they are unacceptable regardless of length.

7.4

EXAMINATION OF REPAIRS:
7.4.1 Repairs shall be re-examined by the same procedure used
for original detection of the discontinuity

7.5

ACCEPTANCE STANDARD
7.5.1 Defects shall be identified primarily by accurate
positioning of the source of the echo in the weld cross section, and
their approximate orientation determined by comparing the echoes
received from each. When the examination show indication of a
defect the following shall apply.
a.

All reflection giving an indication in excess of 20% DAC shall be

investigated to the extend that they can be evaluated in terms of the
acceptance standard.

b.

All reflector giving an indication in excess of 50% DAC shall be

investigation to the extend that they can be evaluated in term of
acceptance and recorded on the report.

c.

All reflectors in excess of 100% DAC shall be cause for rejection.

7.5.2

Any weld, which as a result of ultrasonic examination, and which

in the opinion of the company exhibit imperfection greater than the
limits stated in API-1104, latest edition or as superseded in this
article shall be considered defective and shall be so be marked with
an identification paint marker.
In addition to the API-1104 requirements, the welds containing,
cracks, including crater cracks regardless of size or location, shall
be deemed unacceptable.
Arc burns or strikes shall be deemed unacceptable and shall for
sour service gas/ oil lines addition to the API 1104 requirements,
the following shall apply

a.

Any amount of inadequate penetration of the root bead as defined

by API-1104 shall be unacceptable.

b.

Any amount of incomplete fusion between the root and the level as
defined by API 1104 shall be unacceptable

c.

Un-repaired burn-through area shall be unacceptable

REPORTS
8.1
Ultrasonic examination Inspection Report shall be filled out
completely by qualified personnel and the report shall be signed by
the certified inspector.
8.2

All recordable indications shall be shown on the technique sheet.

Copies of technique sheet (s) shall be submitted with each
inspection report

8.3

A test report shall be issued for each weld with all the relevant
data, including but not limited to the following

a.

Report number

b.

Weld number

c.

Isometric / Line Number

d.

Material thickness

e.

Couplant

f.

Probes used, size and frequency

g.

Calibration technique

h.

Surface condition

i.

Name of Operator

j.

Acceptance Code

k.

Reportable defects and disposition and sketch

l.

DSG

Probe calibration Chart

THICKNESS CHECK MEASUREMENT

SCOPE
The scope of work describe in this page spelt out requirement necessary for the corrosion
monitory wall thickness examination of vessel, process lines and facilities.
QUALIFICATION OF PERSONNEL
a.
ULTRASONIC INSPECTION
Inspector shall hold a current certificate of proficiency in ultrasonic issued by a national
recognized certification scheme for non- destructive testing (ASNT) shall be used for the
purpose of qualification of personnel. Alternatives qualifications shall only be deemed
acceptable with the prior consent of the client and / or inspecting authority.
EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL
a.
Ultrasonic flow detectors with a well define A- scan present
b.

ULTRASONIC CALIBRATION BLOCKS

i)
ii)
iii)

IIW v/1 calibration blocks

IIW v/2 calibration blocks
IOW beam profile blocks

c.
ULRASONIC PROBES
10mm to 25mm crystal diameter probes shall be used a frequency 2 MH Z to 5 MHZ. The
types of probe required depend on the thickness of the material being examined.
TYPES OF PROBE
i)
Angel probe
ii)
Normal probe
iii)
Transmit probe
PROBE SENSITIVITY
Compression Wave Probe Longitudes
A minimum of 40dB of gain shall be in reserve when the first back wall echo from the
dimension of the IIW/I block is set at 100% full screen height.

ii)

sheave wave probe transverse

A Minimum of 40dB of gain shall be in the 100mm quadrant on the IIW V/I
block is set at 100% full screen height.

RESOLUTION OF PROBES
Sheave Wave Probe:
IOW beam spread block shall be used to assess resolution. This should be done
accordance to the acceptance standard.
COMPRESION WAVE PROBES
Resolution shall be assessed using the IIWV/I calibration shall be considered acceptance
when the three echoes at 100mm, 91mm and 85mm are clearly defined.
BEAM PROFILE
The beam spread of probes shall be established using the I0W block and 20dB drop
method and beam profile recording on the tracing paper or clear Perspex.
OTHER EQUIPMENT
Calibrated Rule
Tape measure
Welding Gauge
Flaw light location plotting board
THICKNESS SURVEY OF PIPING
Isometric drawing is usually employed in representing pipelines with particular reference
to welds, valves, pumps, flanges and cap ends. The position of each measurement point
clearly marked and referenced to the nearest up weld, value etc.
MEASUREMENT
a.
Vertical piping work and pipe work inclined at 450 to horizontal:
Four measurements shall be made around the circumference of the pipe located at
plat- form North and South (or East and West) and top and bottom of pipe.

Top
East

North

West

North - west

South

VERTICAL

South
Bottom
HORIZONTAL

b.
Horizontal Reading: Requirement with pipe work inclined at 45 0
horizontally, see sketches above.
Other methods of measurement include ultrasonic reading. The procedure for method
forms the basis for the data management system and is specific for the individuals
piping items.
A grid scan at 100% can be carried out as suspect area of piping with evidence of
gross corrosion or significance loss wall thickness.

THICKNESS SURVEY OF VESSELS

Sketches are always produced for any vessels to show the plan and elevation, nozzles
welds, flanges plate etc of vessels. The measurement positions are normally marked on
the vessel concerned before reading are taken. It is normally advisable to apply
permanent markers on the reset to show measurement position.
READING PROCEDURE:
Outside

South West

North East

VERTICAL

Outside

Bottom

Top

HORIZONTAL

One measurement position on outside of bend at mid point

Bend 1:6
Outside

Inside
South West
VERTICAL

HORIZONTAL
OUTSIDE

INSIDE
BOTTOM
HORIZONTAL
1.
2.

Measurement position on outside of bend equally spread.

Measurement position on each side of bend at similar position as those on the out side

Measurement Position Inside On Bend

3.

Tee Pieces
Measurement position on head of T1 in centre, 1 offset 900 each of centre
Reading procedure D

Transfer straight pipe length

STRAIGHT PIPE LENGTHS

10
9

7
6
5
MI 18
4
3

2
1
VESSEL

ULTRASONIC VESSELWALL
THICKNESS SURVEY
Equipment description
Tag no _______________Location __________ flow sheet no _______________
Nominal thickness (mm)
Corrosion Allowance (mm)
Minimum Acceptance thickness (mm)
READING PROCEDURE E

11

12

10

9
8

7
3

6
5

Weld root scan pipe over 8 carry out weld root scans with sheave / compression probes as
appropriate expected is report minimum thickness for 12 quadrants
Reading Procedure
END CAP
(3)
Reading to be taken
(4)
Measurement around the circumstance adjacent to the weld, 1 measurement at the end
cap

ULTRASONIC INSPECTION REPORT

PROJECT
CLIENT
LOCATION
CONTRACTOR

REPORT NO.
REQUEST NO.
DATE OF TEST
ACC. CRETERIA

PROCEDURE NO.
CALIBRATION BLOCK
WELD TYPE
OTHER DETAILS
COUPLANT
PERSONNEL

MATERIAL
SURFACE CONDITION
EQUIPMENT TYPE
SERIAL NO.

SENSITIVITY:

ANGEL

PROBE SR. NO.

MFR SONATEST

FREQUENCY
MHZ

PROBE
SIZE

PRIMARY
REF. LEVEL

TRANSFER
CORRECTION

SCANNING
LEVEL

TOTAL
(dB)

COMMENTS:

EDEMAC SERVICES

CLIENT

NAME:

NAME:.

NAME:

DATE:.

DATE:..

DATE:..

SIGN:.

SIGN:

SIGN:

8.0
ILLUSTRATION OF SCANNING
TECHNIQUES

A.

TYPICAL Y (NODE) WELD

BRANCH MEMBER

SCRIBE OR PUNCH MARK

BEFORE FIT-UP

DETAILS
A OR B

DETAIL D

DETAIL B

DETAILS
C OR D

(A)

00 compression probe scan on parent metal to check for laminations and to verify wall
thicknesses

(B)

Angle probe scan (minimum of 3 probes- 450, 600, 700) from weld cap to full skip
distance plus weld cap width for coverage.

(C)

00 compression probe scan to check for fusion defects (when accessible)

NOTE:Sound beam to be maintained perpendicular to the weld axis while scanning

TYPICAL Y (NODE) WELD

DETAIL A
DETAIL B

DETAIL C

DETAIL D

ALTERNATE DETAIL D

(A)

00 compression probe scan on parent metal to check for laminations and to verify wall
thicknesses

(B)

Angle probe scan (minimum of 3 probes- 450, 600, 700) from weld cap to full skip
distance plus weld cap width for coverage.

(C)

00 compression probe scan to check for fusion defects (when accessible)

NOTE:Sound beam to be maintained perpendicular to the weld axis while scanning

C.

SINGLE V BUTT WELD

(A)

00 compression probe scan on parent metal to check for laminations and to verify wall
thicknesses

(B)

Angle probe scan (minimum of 3 probes- 450, 600, 700) from weld cap to full skip
distance plus weld cap width for full coverage.

D.

DOUBLE V BUTT WELD

(A)

00 compression probe scan on parent metal to check for laminations and to verify wall
thicknesses

(B)

Angle probe scan (minimum of 3 probes- 450, 600, 700) from weld cap to full skip
distance plus weld cap width for full coverage.

E.

TYPICAL T WELD

(A)

00 compression probe scan on parent metal to check for laminations and to verify wall
thicknesses

(B)

Angle probe scan (minimum of 3 probes- 450, 600, 700) from weld cap to full skip
distance plus weld cap width for full coverage.

(C)

00 compression probe scan on face X to check for fusion defects (when accessible)

(D)

Additional angle probe scan (minimum of 2 probes) on face X when accessible